两正态总体方差比的优化置信区间

用传统方法得到的两正态分布方差比的置信区间显然不是最短的,因而就此意义而言也不是最佳的.本文得到优化后的置信区间,并将它与传统的置信区间比较.结果表明:优化后的最短置信区间比原置信区间有较明显的改进.     

正态总体方差最短置信区间的估计

用传统对称方法得到的正态总体方差的置信区间显然不是最短的,因而从精确度这个意义上说也不是最佳的。从置信区间的定义出发,运用数值计算的方法,对于给定的置信度1-α=0.90,0.95和0.99,在样本容量n从6到35的范围内,求得了方差σ2的最短置信区间,并与用传统对称方法求得的置信区间与最短置信区间的长度进行了对比研究。结果表明,在样本容量n较小情形下,用最短置信区间来作方差σ2的区间估计,将会显著提高估计的精确度。     

风险价值VaR的检验

根据风险价值的概念,提出了一个基于二点分布的检验模型,证明了存在一致最优(UMP)检验,并给出了检验的表达式、拒绝域.另外,考虑到金融数据的样本容量都比较大,又提出了基于渐近正态分布的检验模型,给出了检验的表达式,拒绝域,并与传统方法的结果作了比较.     

两样本正态总体方差比的最短置信区间研究

用最优假设检验的统计量来构造出两正态总体方差比的枢轴量,分析出基于这一枢轴量用概率对称得到的置信区间的长度并不是最短的。从最短置信区间的本质意义出发,构造出求解最短置信区间的条件并证明其解的存在唯一性,通过数值计算的方法,对于给定置信度1((=0.95,对样本容量从(5,6)至(41,41)的范围内在两正态均值总体未知的情况下,求得了最短置信区间,并与按概率对称求得的置信区间进行了区间长度对比分析。结果表明,在小样本时,用文中求得的最短置信区间来做方差比的区间估计,精度将会得到显著的提高。     

单边检验在方差检验中的局限性

论证了方差的原假设H0:(σ2≤σ20)或(σ2≥σ20)只进行单边检验的局限性——只给出一个拒绝域是不够完善的;首次提出H0:(σ2≤σ20)或(σ2≥σ20)进行双边检验的方法及双边拒绝域.     

两正态总体方差比的最优区间估计和最佳双边检验

用传统方法得到的两正态总体方差比的置信区间显然不是最短,因而在这个意义上讲也不是最优的。从理论上推求给出了两正态总体方差比的最优区间估计和在犯第二类错误的概率累积最小意义下的最佳双边检验。     

未决赔款准备金的一致最小方差无偏估计

在累积赔款额流量三角形的基础上,假设进展因子服从对数正态分布,得到未决赔款准备金的一致最小方差无偏估计及估计量的方差的一致最小方差无偏估计.     

均值已知时，正态分布方差变点的假设检验

讨论了均值已知时，正态分布方差变点的假设检验问题，分别导出了变点的参数检验和非参数检验，给出了一个Bayes检验，而且还给出了这些检验的渐近临界值，并对它们进行了比较。     

Wishart矩阵在两种变换下的分布密度及有关性质

在多元统计中Wishart分布占有重要地位，多元正态总体样本协方差阵服从Wishart分布，且若S～Wp(n，1/n∑)，则S^2是总体协方差阵∑^2的渐近无偏估计．设A～Wp(n，∑)，A为Wishart矩阵，本文作者在[5]中推导出了A^2的密度，进一步推导出(A^2)^-1的密度并应用于正态分布总体样本协方差阵S，从而得到一些性质．     

结构可靠度Pr(R>a′Y)的估计

得到在R为任意分布的随机变量 ,Y为n维正态分布的随机向量时结构可靠度P =Pr(R>a′Y)的最小方差无偏估计和置信下限     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that