新型套管式微反应器制备碳酸钙超细颗粒

以氯化钙和碳酸钠制备碳酸钙为例,将套管式微反应器应用于颗粒的制备过程,并详细考察了各种操作条件对颗粒制备的影响。对所得产品进行SEM和粒度分布分析,结果表明：颗粒 粒径随着体系总流量和反应物浓度的增大而减小;微反应器混合距离对颗粒平均粒径无明显影响。将套管式微反应器沉淀法与直接沉淀法进行比较,结果发现,直接沉淀法得到的颗粒形貌差,颗粒粒径在8～11μm之间;而在相同的反应条件下,套管式微反应器可以制得平均粒径为0.89μm,分散性良好的球形碳酸钙颗粒。     

超细硫酸钡制备的研究

讨论了超细硫酸钡的性质和用途．通过实验研究,找出了利用沉淀法制备超细硫酸钡的最佳工艺条件．在温度不超过５０℃,过饱和度大于１．１×１０－２ｇ／Ｌ时,适宜的搅拌强度,使用喷雾干燥的方法,制备出了粒径在４０～１００ｎｍ范围的硫酸钡粒子．     

一种纳米硫酸钡的制备方法

本文研究在添加有分散剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）的富氨硫酸铵溶液中滴加氯化钡反应制备纳米硫酸钡的方法。用扫描探针显微镜SPA-400对硫酸钡颗粒的形貌、粒径、粒径分布进行了表征,讨论了反应温度、反应速率、有无分散剂等工艺参数对硫酸钡粒径的影响。结果表明：在室温和较低反应速率条件下,采用化学沉淀法,在富氨溶液中制得的硫酸钡粉体颗粒的平均粒径约为33.52nm;粒径分布窄,分散性良好。     

溶胶-凝胶法合成人造金红石超细颗粒

探讨了文题的方法,研究了反应物与催化剂浓度对凝胶化速度、颗粒大小及分布的影响。结果表明,烷氧基钛在醋酸催化作用下水解和缩聚可制备均匀透明的块状凝胶,经干燥、焙烧得到金红石型的TiO_2超细颗粒。颗粒平均粒度随水含量增加而下降;随水解底物浓度的增加而下降,然后略有上升;随醋酸浓度增加而降低。醋酸根离子浓度不仅作为催化剂,而且作力能形成Ti(OC_4H_9)_x(Ac)_y络合物的配位体而起作用,改善了颗粒粒度的均匀性。凝胶透明度与颗粒的粒度及其分布有关,而与凝胶化时间无关。本法制备的TiO_2颗粒粒度细(20～200nm)、单分散性好且纯度高。     

高速撞击流粉碎制备超细HMX和RDX的研究

目的 研究制备超细奥克托今（ＨＭＸ）和黑索今（ＲＤＸ）的新方法及其工艺影响因素。方法 采用悬浮液高速撞击流粉碎法。结果 制得了有效粒径６１２．２ｎｍ,粒径分布２３６．５～１２８６．０ｎｍ的亚微米级的超细ＨＭＸ和ＲＤＸ颗粒。结论 高速射流撞击法能有效地将ＨＭＸ和ＲＤＸ粉碎至亚微米。加载压力和处理次数是影响超细颗粒粒度及粒度分布的主要因素。加载压力主要影响颗粒粉碎下限。处理次数主要影响颗粒平均粒径及分     

焙烧温度对TiO2纳米晶型转变及粒度的影响

以阴离子交换膜为隔膜,在阴极采用电化学沉淀法制备TiO2·xH2O纳米颗粒,并在不同温度下进行焙烧,得到不同晶型和粒度的TiO2.TEM和XRD分析结果表明:在773 K时TiO2微粒呈现出锐钛矿结构,粒径约为30～40 nm;在873 K时TiO2微粒出现以锐钛矿为主含有3.85%金红石相混晶结构,粒径约为50～60 nm;在1 173 K时TiO2微粒已完全转变为金红石相,粒径达到100 nm以上.     

醇盐水解法制备单分散球形SiO2微粒

运用扫描电镜、透射电镜、激光粒度仪等测试手段，研究了以正硅酸乙酯为原料，用醇盐水解法制备ＳｉＯ＿２超微颗粒的微粒形成机理。通过控制催化剂浓度及反应温度等工艺条件，使硅酸单体浓度尽可能高而仅低于临界过饱和度，制得了单分散球形ＳｉＯ＿２超微颗粒，粒径为６０～５００ｎｍ。同时将加料速率、陈化时间等因素对微粒粒度及其分布的影响作了研究。     

沉淀过程中超细颗粒的凝并与生长模型

建立了适合于高源速率沉淀过程的凝并生长动力学模型,系统地考察了操作参数对超细颗粒粒径及其分布的影响规律。研究表明,随着反应物浓度的增加,凝并生长速率加快,粒径及分布均呈单调增大趋势;生长速率对温度变化不敏感,在较高过饱和度之下,温度对合成粒子粒径影响很小;随着反应时间的延长,粒径变大,分布变宽,并趋于“自保”形式。提出了液相化学合成法制备超细颗粒过程中颗粒性能的控制策略。     

用油包水型微乳液法制备超细硫酸钡颗粒

纳米颗粒的制备是一个重要的纳米技术。利用油包水型微乳液法成功制备了硫酸钡纳米颗粒。研究了表面活性剂种类、表面活性剂用量、反应物浓度对超细颗粒大小的影响。实验结果表明:微乳液法制备的纳米颗粒直径大约都在10～90nm之间,且分布窄,单分散性好。实验发现:使用TritonX-100(聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚)做表面活性剂比Tween80(聚环氧乙烷失水山梨醇单油酸酯)和Span80(失水山梨醇单油酸酯)合适;而且随着表面活性剂用量增加,超细硫酸钡直径变小,但随着反应物浓度的上升颗粒直径增大。最适工艺条件为:55mL环己烷/30mLTritonX-100/15mL正己醇/10mL0.1mol/L氯化钡溶液。     

用中空纤维膜分散技术制备纳米颗粒

采用中空纤维膜为分散介质,以制备纳米BaSO₄为例,探索膜分散制备纳米颗粒技术。实验以Na₂SO₄溶液为连续相,将BaCl₂溶液通过中空纤维膜均匀分散到Na₂SO₄溶液中,在透过膜的微小液滴形成的微环境中实现两种溶液的微观混合,并反应生成BaSO₄颗粒。实验研究了膜组件构型、反应物浓度、分散剂、膜孔孔径大小等因素对BaSO₄颗粒形貌、大小和粒度分布的影响。结果表明：采用膜截留分子量为10000的中空纤维膜制成的浸没式膜组件,反应物Na₂SO₄和BaCl₂溶液浓度均为0.02mol/L,加入分散剂聚乙二醇(PEG)制得了平均粒径在10～30nm、球形度好、单分散性好的纳米BaSO₄颗粒.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with