富铬啤酒酵母发酵条件的优化

通过对啤酒酵母富铬发酵条件（发酵培养基配方,发酵时间,发酵温度,接种量,培养基装量）的探讨,得到了富铬啤酒酵母发酵的最佳工艺条件,即：（１）发酵培养基配方：葡萄糖１％、酵母膏０．３％、蛋白胨１．０５％、ＫＨ２ＰＯ４０．１％、ＭｇＳＯ４７Ｈ２Ｏ０．１％、（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４０．１％、Ｃｒ３＋浓度０．０２ｇ／Ｌ、ｐＨ值５．１;（２）最佳吸收时间：发酵４８ｈ．（３）发酵温度：２８℃;（４）接种量：１０％;（５）培养基装量：５０ｍＬ．     

近交系NJS小鼠的生物学特性研究Ⅰ．繁殖性能与生长发育的观察

对作者培育的近交系ＮＪＳ小鼠的繁殖性能与生长发育进行观察，结果表明：ＮＪＳ小鼠的基代虽来源于ＫＭ远交群，但由于高度近交和定向选择，其产仔、泌乳等繁殖性能已大大下降。有关繁殖性能指标为：配产间隔２５．９±４．５／ｄ、胎间隔４７．１±１１．４／ｄ、窝产仔数７．６±２．６／只、离乳仔数６．２±２．３／只、离乳率８０．５±２５．２／％、初生个体重１．５５±０．１２／ｇ、泌乳力４４．６７±１７．１２／ｇ、离乳个体重１０．３５±０．９５／ｇ。３０、６０、９０日龄雄鼠个体重分别为：１７．０±２．１／ｇ、２７．８±１．７／ｇ、３１．８±２．１／ｇ，雌鼠分别为：１５．８±０．９／ｇ、２３．５±１．４／ｇ、２５．５±１．６／ｇ。与其他近交系相比较，ＮＪＳ小鼠的繁殖性能与Ｃ＿（５７）ＢＬ／６近似，比ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ、ＤＢＡ／２显著高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。离乳前后ＮＪＳ小鼠的生长速度与ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ近似，比Ｃ（５７）ＢＬ／６、ＤＢＡ／２显著快（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

生地对黑腹果蝇寿命的影响

观察了生地对黑腹果蝇寿命的影响。实验组培养基药物浓度分别为０．３５％、０．７０％和１．４０％,对照组培养基不加药物。实验结果表明,与对照组相比,三种浓度的生地都能延长雌雄果蝇的平均寿命和最高寿命;在半数死亡期方面,０．３５％生地对雌雄果蝇都能延长,０．７０％生地仅能延长雌性果蝇,而１．４０％生地对雌雄果蝇均无延长作用。提示生地有延缓衰老的作用 。     

产胞外木聚糖酶青霉菌发酵条件的正交设计试验

正交设计试验结果表明,青霉菌（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｕｍ ｓｐ．ｍ８） 胞外木聚糖酶活力达９２．９６ Ｕ／ｍＬ,合适的产酶发酵条件为：培养基（ｇ／Ｌ）,麦草粉４０,（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４ ４．４４,ＫＨ２ＰＯ４ １．０,ＭｇＳＯ４ ·７Ｈ２Ｏ０．５,ＮａＣｌ０．３,Ｔｗｅｅｎ ８０ ３．０,ＣａＣＯ３ １．０;每亳升培养基接种２．０×１０５ 个孢子,２８ ℃,水浴振荡培养４ ｄ（１２０ｒ／ｍｉｎ）。     

山苦茶对黑腹果蝇寿命影响的研究

本研究观察了山苦奈的醇提取物对黑腹果蝇Ｄｒｏｓｏｐｈｉｌａｍｅｌａｎｏｇａｓｔｅｒ（ＣａｎｔｏｎＳ）品系寿命的影响，实验系统设置了培养基含山苦茶１：１乙醇提取物为０．５、１．０、２．０、３．０、４．０、５．０％的六个实验组和纯培养基为对照的对照组，实验结果显示各剂量与对照组之间平均寿命无显著性差别．     

半乳糖亚急性致衰老模型的研究

以６～８周龄雄性ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠为实验对象，研究半乳糖亚急性致衰老动物模型，并观察其对免疫功能的影响，皮下注射半乳糖１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ，４０ｄ后发现，致衰组与对照组相比，脑ＭＡＯ－Ｂ活性升高５７．９％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；肝ＳＯＤ活性下降１７．２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；心肌脂褐素含量增高４８．３％（Ｐ＜０．０１），而且各项指标均与老年组（１７月龄）非常接近（Ｐ＞０．０５）．致衰组与对照组相比，对巨噬细胞吞噬功能，迟发型过敏反应，溶血素的产生，免疫器官的重量均无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）．表明这种亚急性致衰老模型可以用作筛选抗衰老药物和食品的生化指标的研究，而不能作为研究免疫功能的亚急性致衰老模型。     

均匀设计在肌苷发酵中的应用

采用均匀设计对肌苷工程菌枯草芽孢杆菌株Ｑ２９０１－４－３５（ＳＧｒ）的最佳发酵条件进行了研究。确定发酵培养基配方为（质量分数）葡萄糖１２％ ,药用酵母粉１．４％ ,硫酸铵１．３％ ,玉米浆０．５％ ,Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４·１２Ｈ２Ｏ ０．５％ ,ＫＣｌ０．６％ ,ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ ０．２２％ ,ＣａＣＯ３ ２．０％ ,尿素０．２％ （分消）ｐＨ７．０,在上述发酵培养基中发酵产苷达１５．２０ｇ／Ｌ,该菌株的产苷能力比在原发酵培养基中的产苷能力提高了１０％ 。从而证明均匀设计实验所给回归模型对发酵条件的选择具有重要的指导意义。     

乙烯气相聚合高效催化剂的组成和聚合反应

研究了２种类型的乙烯气相聚合高活性催花剂．用ＳｉＯ２,ＭｇＣｌ２作复合载体,负载ＴｉＣｌ４制得的ＳＭ型催化剂,载体中含ｗ（Ｔｉ）为２％～３％,ｗ（Ｔｉ３＋）为３５％～５９％,比表面积１０５～１２０ｍ２／ｇ,催化活性每小时每克催化剂Ｔｉ催化得５．０～５．７ｋｇ产物ＰＥ（ｋｇ·ｇ－１·ｈ－１）,聚合动力学曲线为衰减型．用镁粉、卤代烷、四氯化钛为主要组分制备的ＭＧ－２型催化剂,载体中ｗ（Ｔｉ）为６％～７％,ｗ（Ｔｉ３＋）为５５％～６９％,比表面积７０～８５ｍ２／ｇ,催化活性１．８～２．０ｋｇ·ｇ－１·ｈ－１,聚合动力学曲线为平稳型．对ＳＭ型催化剂扫描电镜及图象分析得到颗粒平均粒径（ｄ）,颗粒长短轴比（ｄｌ／ｄｓ）及颗粒大小粒径比（ｄｍａｘ／ｄｍｉｎ）分别为３１μｍ,１．４０２,４．１,ＭＧ－２型催化剂为３３μｍ,１．５２４,７．０,相应聚合产物颗粒的ｄ,ｄｌ／ｄｓ,ｄｍａｘ／ｄｍｉｎ,ＳＭ型催化剂为２４７μｍ,１．２９５,４．６,ＭＧ－２型催化剂为２６３μｍ,１．５４０,９．０．显示出ＳＭ催化剂更优良的聚合性能．     

长春仙碱诱发果蝇生殖细胞非整倍体的研究

本研究以黑腹果蝇ＯｒｅｇｏｎＫ品系评价了长春仙碱（ＶＢＬ）在果蝇生殖细胞中的非整倍体诱导效应,秋山仙素（ＣＯＬ）为本实验的阳性对照,５％蔗糖溶液为溶剂对照。羽化后１－２天的雌、雄成虫口饲染毒后,分别与未染毒异体个体交配,分配Ｇ１代例外子代频率。结果发现：ＶＢＬ在三个剂量组（３－１０μｇ／ｍｌ）均显著诱发果蝇生殖细胞非整倍体,使ＸＸＹ及ＸＯ例外子代频率显著升高（Ｐ〈０．００１－０．０５）,ＣＯＬ于所     

富硒营养粉对人工缺硒小鼠免疫、衰老、疲劳等生理指标的影响

以中国农业科学院提供的低硒饲料（０．０２×１０￣（－６）），喂养ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠作为缺硒动物模型，采用富硒营养粉和亚硒酸钠溶液，以每只小鼠每ｄ２．５μｇ元素硒作为补充，７０ｄ后发现：富硒营养粉和亚硒酸钠对小鼠全脑Ｂ型单胺氧化酶活性无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）；前者使肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性增高３６．１％（Ｐ＜０．０５），后者对其无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）；两者均极显著地（Ｐ＜０．０１）提高巨噬细胞吞噬率（５９．８％和７１％）和吞噬指数（６８．５％和６５．１％）；提高溶血素含量，前者为６５％（Ｐ＜０．０１），后者为４１．３％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；富硒营养粉能使运动后小鼠血乳酸含量迅速下降３１．８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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