四旋翼姿态的反步滑模自抗扰控制及稳定性

为了解决四旋翼无人机姿态控制中存在的问题,设计了一种基于反步滑模自抗扰姿态控制器.首先,介绍了四旋翼无人机的动力学模型,建立了基于反步滑模自抗扰控制算法的姿态控制方案.控制方案构成主要包括扩张状态观测器及基于Lyapunov稳定性分析的反步滑模控制器.稳定性分析表明,通过合理调整参数可以保证控制系统是渐近稳定的.仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器同经典自抗扰控制器相比,对扰动有较强的抑制能力,提高了自适应性和鲁棒性,表明该控制系统具有更好的稳定性和动态性能,对四旋翼姿态控制更加有效.     

四旋翼无人机滑模-CPCMAC联合控制半物理仿真系统

针对四旋翼无人机强耦合、欠驱动、非线性等特点,以及在实际飞行过程中极易受到干扰的问题,对四旋翼无人机动力学模型进行分析,提出了一种基于联合的四旋翼无人机姿态控制算法,并在此基础上设计了四旋翼无人机半物理仿真系统。首先,针对非线性系统设计滑模控制器,选择跟踪航迹和翻滚角设计位置控制率和姿态控制率。其次,滑模控制器在实际应用中易产生震荡,利用基于信用积分的小脑模型神经网络(CPCMAC)来学习滑模控制的方式。最后,搭建基于LabVIEW的控制站,同Matlab/Simulink进行数据收发控制。仿真结果表明,在跟踪目标相同时,提出的四旋翼无人机滑模-CPCMAC联合控制相比于传统的比例积分微分(PID)控制和积分反步法控制优势明显,能够抑制超调和余差,在快速性和鲁棒性方面都更加优越。同时,构建的四旋翼无人机半物理仿真平台能清晰反馈出无人机参数的变化,应用预留的参数接口和地面控制站,降低了无人机飞控算法的开发难度,提高了开发效率,具有明显的实用价值。     

小型四旋翼飞行器的滑模控制

针对1种六自由度四旋翼模型,设计滑模控制器来提高控制系统的鲁棒性。首先将四旋翼模型划分为全驱动和欠驱动2部分,全驱动子系统由高度和偏航角2个独立回路组成,而欠驱动子系统则包含4个被控量和2个控制量。然后针对全驱动系统的2个回路设计了基于反步法(Backstepping)的滑模控制,并进一步推导出有限时间终端滑模控制器。将欠驱动子系统写成一种级联标准型,并给出一种欠驱动级联形式的滑模控制器。采用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明所设计的滑模控制系统的稳定性。研究结果表明:所提出的四旋翼控制器是有效的,它不仅具有良好的鲁棒性和快速跟踪动态性能,而且能够有效地抑制抖振现象。     

基于反步滑模法的四旋翼飞行器的轨迹跟踪

研究了四旋翼飞行器的轨迹跟踪控制问题。首先根据经典的动力学模型建立惯性坐标系下带有扰动的四旋翼方程。其次将系统划分为姿态子系统和位置子系统,对姿态子系统的轨迹跟踪控制,采用反步控制与滑模控制相结合的方法,根据飞行器的欠驱动和强耦合特性,利用反步控制方法实现位置子系统的轨迹跟踪控制。然后对系统进行稳定性分析。最后通过仿真实验结果验证所提出控制方法的有效性。     

基于趋近律滑模的四旋翼飞行器姿态控制

针对存在扰动因素影响下的四旋翼飞行器姿态控制问题,设计一种基于趋近律滑模的四旋翼飞行器姿态控制器.首先,通过对螺旋桨的受力分析建立四旋翼飞行器的动力学系统模型.然后,为了实现系统姿态的稳定跟踪控制,采用趋近律滑模控制方法设计控制器,同时应用Lyapunov稳定性分析方法对闭环系统的稳定性进行了证明.最后,通过数值仿真验证了所设计控制方法的有效性.     

基于滑模观测器的卫星姿态控制系统滑模容错控制

针对卫星姿态控制系统执行机构故障,设计了基于滑模观测器的滑模容错控制律.采用迭代学习算法在线调节观测器滑模项切换增益,设计滑模观测器估计卫星姿态和角速度.在此基础上,将执行机构故障作为系统的未知动态,提出一种对卫星姿态控制系统执行机构故障不敏感的滑模容错控制方法.该方法利用系统输入和状态信息,结合动力学特性实现未知动态估计,以此设计滑模控制律.通过数字仿真验证了该容错控制方法的有效性.     

基于收缩反步的四旋翼飞行器控制

针对四旋翼飞行器轨迹跟踪控制问题,将增量稳定性应用于控制器设计,提出了一种基于收缩理论与反步法的四旋翼飞行器控制算法。首先,介绍了基于微分几何的收缩理论并给出了四旋翼飞行器的动力学模型;其次,使用收缩反步控制求解出四个控制输入信号,以实现飞行器的期望轨迹跟踪。整个系统采用双回路结构,外环控制飞行器位置,内环控制飞行器姿态;最后,分析了系统的增量稳定性与李雅普诺夫稳定性。收缩反步与积分反步的对比实验表明,应用收缩反步控制算法的飞行器系统收敛性更强,能够精确地完成轨迹跟踪任务。     

磁浮列车悬浮系统的反步控制方法及实验研究

电磁铁的悬浮控制技术是磁浮列车最关键的核心技术之一.但是悬浮系统受到本质非线性和开环不稳定的影响,其控制器的设计一直存在难点和挑战.针对磁浮列车系统的稳定悬浮控制问题,设计了基于反步(Backstepping)法的非线性控制器.首先建立单点悬浮系统的非线性动力学模型,然后利用反步法将系统分成2个子系统并分别对每个子系统提出Lyapunov候选函数.在第一个子系统中设计虚拟控制量,并代入二级子系统的Lyapunov函数中获取出整个系统的控制器,接着利用Lyapunov理论验证系统的稳定性.同时,通过仿真证明:所提出的控制方法不仅具有更好的动态和稳态表现,而且能很好的抑制干扰对悬浮系统的影响.最后通过实验验证了该方法的有效性和可行性,在磁浮列车的悬浮系统方面具有良好应用前景.     

非线性干扰观测器补偿的四旋翼飞行器模糊滑模控制

分析四旋翼飞行器的飞行原理,建立旋翼桨叶受力条件下的四旋翼动力学模型.提出非线性干扰观测器补偿的模糊滑模控制算法,解决欠驱动子系统的不易控制及传统滑模控制的抖振问题,估计扰动值,降低扰动带来的影响.仿真结果表明,提出的非线性干扰观测器补偿的模糊滑模控制算法可补偿未知扰动,能使四旋翼飞行器稳定飞行.     

三相电压型逆变器的反步滑模变结构控制策略

为了克服反步控制对参数变化敏感以及鲁棒性不佳的不足,将反步法和滑模变结构控制两种策略相结合,讨论了多输入多输出系统反步滑模控制设计思路。使用反步控制策略设置虚拟控制量和构造Lyapunov能量函数,根据Lyapunov函数建立滑模面,选取合适的滑模趋近律,推导出多输入多输出系统反步滑模控制律的数学模型。将其应用到三相电压型逆变器非线性系统中,得到了三相电压型逆变器的控制模型。通过MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真验证了该控制策略的合理性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has