金属酞菁配合物在MPc-GaAs半导体电极上的光伏效应

在光电化学电池(PEC)中分别测定了6种典型的金属酞菁配合物(MPc)在GaAs单晶电极上所形成的异质结的光伏效应,并研究了不同介质电对及介质溶液的酸碱性对光伏效应的影响,结果表明:O_2/H_2O(KCl溶液)及l_2/l~-_3是两种较好的电池介质电对;介质溶液酸碱性的改变对金属酞菁配合物的光伏效应有较大的影响;6种金属酞菁配合物中ZnPc、MgPc具有较好的光伏效应。     

Effect of cationic groups in organic sulfide electrolyte on the performance of CdS quantum dot sensitized solar cells

Two organic sulfide redox couples derived from 2-mercapto-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole （McMT）： tetrabu- tylammonium thiolate （McMT-TBA＋）/disulfide dimer （BMT） and tetramethylammonium thiolate （McMT- TMA＋）/BMT were incorporated into quantum dots sensitized solar cells （QDSCs） as alternatives to the inorganic polysulfide electrolyte （Na2S/S）. It was found in symmetrical cells test that the interfaces of the organic sulfide electrolytes/platinum counter-electrode have much lower charge transfer resistances as well as higher interface reaction rates compared with that for the inorganic one. Besides, QDSCs based on organic sulfide electrolytes exhibited obviouslyhigher fill factors, open circuit photovoltages, and therefore higher conversion efficiency, thanks to the prohibited recombination and lower redox potential. In addition, by comparing and analyzing the performance of devices based on organic sulfide electrolytes with different cationic groups, it is found that cationic group TMA＋ with smaller size was favorable for the mass transport in the electrolyte, which explains the better photovoltaic performance of McMT-TMA＋/BMT based solar cell than that of McMT-TBA＋/BMT based one. Eventually, a power con- version efficiency （PCE） of 0.63 % was achieved for QDSCs using McMT-（TMA＋）/BMT redox couple as electrolyte, which was till now the highest for CdS QDSC based on organic sulfide electrolyte.     

天然植物染料敏化太阳电池的光电性能研究

采用萃取法从六种常见的植物中提取天然染料,对比分析了相应提取液作为敏化剂的染料敏化太阳电池(DSC)的光电性能.结果表明,不同植物提取液在色泽、吸附光谱以及组成DSC的光电性能上差异较大.以樟树叶为代表的含叶绿素的天然植物提取液在650nm处出现较强的吸收峰,而以康乃馨为代表的含花青苷的天然植物在520 nm处具有较强的吸收峰.DSC的转换效率并非随提取液颜色的加深而增加,而是和短路电流存在一定的正比关系.在所研究的6种植物中,黑豆提取液敏化的DSC的转换效率最佳,其值为0.255％,随后依次为樟树叶、玫瑰花、太阳花、黑米及康乃馨.     

Progress on the Electrolytes for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

1 Results The development of a new type of solar cell has been promoted by public concern about pollution and energy consumption.Since the prototype of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) was reported in 1991 by M.Gratzel,it has aroused intensive interest over the past decade due to its low cost and simple preparation procedure.The typical cell is a sandwiched structure consisting of a dye-sensitized TiO2 electrode,a platinized counter electrode and a filled redox couple electrolyte between the electrodes...     

Solid State Polymer Electrolytes for Dye-sensitized Solar Cell

1 Introduction Over the past decade,Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been intensively investigated as potential alternatives to conventional inorganic photovoltaic devices due to their low production cost and high energy conversion[1-4]. This type of solar cell has achieved an impressive energy conversion efficiency of over 10%,whose electrolyte is a voltaic organic liquid solvent containing iodide/triiodide as redox couple.However,the use of a liquid electrolyte brings difficulties in the practi...     

染料敏化太阳能电池纳晶TiO2多孔薄膜研究进展

染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)是一种非常有前途的清洁太阳能光电转化装置.其中,光阳极是DSC的工作电极,起着吸附染料分子、接收和传输电子的作用.阳极的微结构(孔径、孔隙率、粗糙因子)和组成对于提高电池的光电催化、转化效率具有决定作用.主要综述了染料敏化太阳能电池中TiO2光阳极的制备、改性方法以及添加剂对纳晶TiO2多...     

叶绿素a、藏花红T双光敏体系光电池的研究

本文研究了叶绿素a和藏花红T组成的光电化学电池．报道了电池的光电特性．发现藏花红T对电池的开路电压和短路电流有很大影响．较纯粹的叶绿素光电池开路电压增大6～8倍，短路电流提高2～3个数量级，光电转换效率达10－3％．分析了光电池光电效应增加的原因．     

All-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with high efficiency

Dye-sensitized solar cells based on titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) are promising low-cost alternatives to conventional solid-state photovoltaic devices based on materials such as Si, CdTe and CuIn(1-x)Ga(x)Se(2) (refs 1, 2). Despite offering relatively high conversion efficiencies for solar energy, typical dye-sensitized solar cells suffer from durability problems that result from their use of organic liquid electrolytes containing the iodide/tri-iodide redox couple, which causes serious problems such as electrode corrosion and electrolyte leakage. Replacements for iodine-based liquid electrolytes have been extensively studied, but the efficiencies of the resulting devices remain low. Here we show that the solution-processable p-type direct bandgap semiconductor CsSnI(3) can be used for hole conduction in lieu of a liquid electrolyte. The resulting solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells consist of CsSnI(2.95)F(0.05) doped with SnF(2), nanoporous TiO(2) and the dye N719, and show conversion efficiencies of up to 10.2 per cent (8.51 per cent with a mask). With a bandgap of 1.3 electronvolts, CsSnI(3) enhances visible light absorption on the red side of the spectrum to outperform the typical dye-sensitized solar cells in this spectral region.     

儿茶酚胺在油／水界面电子传递伏安行为的研究

本用四电极系统半微分循环伏安法对儿茶酚胺（多巴胺、多巴酚下胺）在水／硝基苯界面的电子传递进行了研究，得到了在多酚氧化酶催下相儿茶酚爱硝基苯相二茂铁间在水／硝基苯界面电子传递良好的半微分循环伏安峰，在一定条件下，半微分峰的峰高与儿茶酚胺浓度线性相关。有关儿茶酚胺在油／水界面电子传递的机理也进行了讨论。     

一个新的氧化还原滴定的电位突跃计算通式

提出一种新的包括非对称，可逆电地参与的氧化还原滴定电位突跃计算通式。     

Progress in polymer solar cell

This review outlines current progresses in polymer solar cell. Compared to traditional silicon-based photovoltaic (PV) technology, the completely different principle of optoelectric response in the polymer cell results in a novel configuration of the device and more complicated photovoltaic generation proc-ess. The conception of bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) is introduced and its advantage in terms of mor-phology is addressed. The main aspects including the morphology of photoactive layer, which limit the efficiency and stability of polymer solar cell, are discussed in detail. The solutions to boosting up both the efficiency and stability (lifetime) of the polymer solar cell are highlighted at the end of this review.     

锌卟啉-富勒烯配合物的光谱和光伏性质研究

采用光谱法研究了不同电子取代基的锌卟啉-富勒烯配合物[ZnP-C60和（p-OCH3） ZnP-C60]的光谱性质.结果表明,与ZnP-C60相比,含甲氧基修饰的锌卟啉-富勒烯（p-OCH3）ZnP-C60的紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱发射谱带均发生红移.以氙灯作光源,利用三电极光化学电池系统研究了两者在O2/H2O、I2/I3-、Fe（CN）63-/Fe（CN）64-和BQ（苯醌）/H2Q（氢醌）四种介质中的的光伏性质.结果显示,（p-OCH3） ZnP-C60具有优良的光伏性能,尤其在O2/H2O介质电对中,光生电压最大为215 mV.     

全钒氧化还原流体电池的电化学行为

本文介绍了全钒氧化还原流体电池及其结构和充放电机理。该电池是一种新型储能材料。它用ＶＯＳＯ４溶液作电极活性材料。一系列充放电试验结果表明,该电池具有良好的电化学性能。     

碳中和目标下我国光伏发电发展路径规划研究

能源绿色低碳转型背景下，光伏发电已经成为我国发展最快且最有潜力的可再生能源。本研究基于历史数据构建了反映光伏发电单位投资成本下降趋势的学习曲线模型，建立了技术扩散模型估计光伏发电每年装机潜力，并在政策发展目标、投资水平、光伏发电量最低占比、电网消纳能力等约束下，以规划期内光伏发电总成本最小化为目标，构建了光伏发电发展路径规划模型，计算2023~2060年光伏发电每年的最优装机容量。结果显示，该模型能够综合平衡退役与新增装机规模，以及学习效应导致的光伏电站倾向前期少建而后期大量建设与阶段发展目标要求之间的冲突关系，该模型可为碳中和目标下光伏产业规划和政策制定提供方法支撑。     

一个本科生化学综合设计实验——双偶极Ru(Ⅱ)配合物和普鲁士蓝自组装多层膜的研究

用一种双偶极Ru(Ⅱ)配合物和普鲁士蓝分别代替一个本科生化学综合设计实验中的半菁和杂多阴离子,成功地制备了双偶极Ru(Ⅱ)配合物和普鲁士蓝的静电自组装多层膜,并通过紫外-可见光谱和电化学技术对薄膜进行了表征.结果表明:多层膜可被均匀沉积厚达至少12层,膜中普鲁士蓝与Ru(Ⅱ)配合物之间发生较强的电荷转移作用,具有良好的电化学活性.     

具有MPPT功能的光伏系统仿真

光伏发电受制于太阳能电池较低的转换效率,使得其最大功率点的跟踪,成为提高光伏发电效率的关键。通过对太阳能电池等效电路和输出特性的分析以及对最大功率点跟踪原理的研究,利用 Matlab/Simulink,并结合Boost 电路,构建了通用型的光伏系统仿真模型。该仿真模型采用扰动观测法跟踪太阳能电池最大功率,并对太阳能电池在环境温度、日照强度固定及动态变化情况下的最大功率点跟踪进行了仿真测试,测试当两者同时变化时,日照强度变化对太阳能电池输出功率的最大值影响比较大,其中当日照强度增大200,W/m2时其输出最大功率增幅达28%。仿真结果表明,该模型能够准确迅速地对太阳能电池的最大功率点进行跟踪。     

Efficient organic photovoltaic diodes based on doped pentacene

Recent work on solar cells based on interpenetrating polymer networks and solid-state dye-sensitized devices shows that efficient solar-energy conversion is possible using organic materials. Further, it has been demonstrated that the performance of photovoltaic devices based on small molecules can be effectively enhanced by doping the organic material with electron-accepting molecules. But as inorganic solar cells show much higher efficiencies, well above 15 per cent, the practical utility of organic-based cells will require their fabrication by lower-cost techniques, ideally on flexible substrates. Here we demonstrate efficiency enhancement by molecular doping in Schottky-type photovoltaic diodes based on pentacene--an organic semiconductor that has received much attention as a promising material for organic thin-film transistors, but relatively little attention for use in photovoltaic devices. The incorporation of the dopant improves the internal quantum efficiency by more than five orders of magnitude and yields an external energy conversion efficiency as high as 2.4 per cent for a standard solar spectrum. Thin-film devices based on doped pentacene therefore appear promising for the production of efficient 'plastic' solar cells.     

CIGS薄膜材料研究进展

CIGS薄膜太阳电池具有低成本、高效率、性能稳定等优点,是最有发展前途的太阳能电池之一,受到了广泛关注．阐述了CI（G）S材料特性,分别介绍了多种制备方法,其中着重介绍共蒸发三步法这一制备小面积高效率电池的通用方法和在产业化生产中更理想的溅射后硒化法．     

滴定分析中滴定突跃的简化计算及其条件

论述了滴定分析中滴定突跃简化计算及其判别式，提出一种包括非对称电对的氧化还原滴定突跃计算通式。     

高倍聚光光伏模组中菲涅尔透镜沿光轴方向的光照非均匀性变化及影响

对于菲涅尔透镜作为主要聚光器件的高倍聚光光伏模组,应用中通常把多结电池放置于透镜焦平面处,然而光学系统非理想性造成焦平面处的光照非均匀性,会影响三结电池及模组整体的输出特性。本文通过光线追踪模拟和三维三结电池网络模型,分析沿光轴方向不同位置,菲涅尔透镜聚光光照非均匀性的变化,以及对高倍聚光光伏模组的影响机理和优化。结果表明沿光轴填充因子与光照非均匀性有密切关系,沿光轴不同程度的光照非均匀性导致不同程度的横向电流,填充因子随之发生变化,在远离焦平面的位置存在更优的填充因子,提升最大输出功率。实验结果也很好地验证了模拟的结果,本文结论对实际应用中高倍聚光光伏模组的结构优化有参考意义。