同位素电池材料

同位素电池以结构紧凑,能量密度大,不受外界环境影响,使用寿命长等优点,在航空、医学和民用等领域得到广泛的应用,是一种前景广阔的新能源电池。本文以直接充电式、温差式和辐射伏特效应同位素电池三种重要的同位素电池为例对同位素电池的放射性同位素热源和能量转换材料分别进行详细的介绍。     

包钢放射源的分检

包头钢铁集团公司自二十世纪50年代以来,积存了200多个不同种类的同位素放射源.由于种种原因,大部分放射源的出厂资料档案丢失或残缺,致使现在无法判断核素种类、计算核素现存活度;有些已损坏的放射源(如放射源屏蔽体破裂,开关锈死、失灵或损坏),也需要测量、分检或封装报废处理.放射源的分检,就是通过射线探测技术,探测同位素放射源放出的射线,确定放射源核素的种类、现存活度以及建立留用放射源的资料档案,并对确定报废的放射源设计其封装屏蔽体的尺寸和材料.……     

包钢放射源的分检

包头钢铁集团公司自二十世纪50年代以来,积存了200多个不同种类的同位素放射源.由于种种原因,大部分放射源的出厂资料档案丢失或残缺,致使现在无法判断核素种类、计算核素现存活度;有些已损坏的放射源(如放射源屏蔽体破裂,开关锈死、失灵或损坏),也需要测量、分检或封装报废处理.放射源的分检,就是通过射线探测技术,探测同位素放射源放出的射线,确定放射源核素的种类、现存活度以及建立留用放射源的资料档案,并对确定报废的放射源设计其封装屏蔽体的尺寸和材料.     

放射性同位素电池的研究及进展

放射性同位素电池在能量密度、体积、寿命等方面有其自身的优势，因而在很多领域得到广泛应用。该文对各类型放射性同位素电池的工作原理、特点、发展情况及其应用等进行了全面介绍，展望了同位素电池的发展前景和方向。     

能量转换器件参数对氚和~(147)Pm辐射伏特同位素电池性能影响

采用理论模拟和实验方法,开展单晶硅PN结能量转换器件的结构参数和性能对氚源和147Pm源加载下的同位素电池输出性能影响研究.结果显示:同样的能量转换器件参数(包括表面钝化层厚度、顶层掺杂浓度和厚度、基层掺杂浓度和厚度、器件的漏电流等)对不同加载放射源的辐伏同位素电池输出性能影响相差较大.该结果对选择不同加载源的辐伏同位素电池能量转换器件设计具有较大指导和参考作用.     

GaN放射性同位素微电池源的选取

介绍了放射性同位素微电池的工作原理、选择GaN做为微电池能量转换材料的优势及同位素源选择的一些原则.为给GaN微电池找到一种合适的放射源,建立了Monte Carlo模拟计算模型.计算结果分析表明对于GaN放射性同位素微电池来说,最大能量为50 keV到100 keV区段的纯β放射体做源最为理想.     

钨(W)同位素链(158

杨海涛  赵仲霞  蔡彦  杜国芳  傅永平 《佳木斯大学学报》2021,39(4):152-155

硅基微型同位素电池的电输出理论模型及仿真

通过辐射伏特效应,研究硅基P-N结微型同位素电池的电输出理论模型.根据该模型,用Matlab编写程序模拟尺寸为1 mm×1 mm的硅基微型同位素电池在3.7×107Bq63Ni放射源照射下的电输出,并用该模型仿真硅基微电池的短路电流Isc、开路电压Voc和最大输出功率Pmax与掺杂浓度的关系.仿真结果表明,开路电压随着掺杂浓度的增加而增大,而短路电流则随着掺杂浓度的增大而减小.同时,获得了电池具有最大输出功率密度时的最优化掺杂浓度参数,最大输出功率的P区、N区最优化掺杂浓度值各为1×1020cm-3和1×1015cm-3.     

超重核Z=117同位素链的α衰变性质

运用推广液滴模型结合WKB方法对新合成超重核293117和294117及其α衰变链中各核素的半衰期进行系统性分析,论计算到超重核半衰期与实验值符合非好.说明推广液滴模型可以成功研究超重核半衰期.本文还预测了Z=117同位素链未合成超重核α衰变半衰期.计算结果表明在Z=117同位素链中存在比已合成293117和294117更稳定、寿命更超重核.     

利用反预报方法从截面预言近滴线丰质子核的结合能

在Origin等数据处理软件中,当实验数据较少时,自由参数的不同初始化设置会导致较大的结果差异,这为物理结果的确定带来较大不确定性.通过最小二乘法分析了345MeV/u ~(78) Kr+~9Be反应中产生的丰质子同位素的截面和结合能,并得到线性回归方程.通过回归方程,利用结合能预报部分丰质子核素的截面,以及通过实验截面对近质子滴线核素的结合能进行反预报测量.这对于近质子滴线的丰质子核素实验测量具有较好的借鉴意义.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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