THE APPLICATION OF CATIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE AS DRAINAGE AND RETENTION AIDS

INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, with the rapid development of paper-making technology[1], such as improvement of pa-per-machine speed, extensive use of high yield and recycling pulp, and more closed white water systems, the environment of papermaking has changed greatly and this has brought many problems, Such as water temperature increasing and water quality becoming worse, large amount of fines in pulp, and more and more aninonic trash in pulp and water. These causes drainability of pulp a…     

聚乙烯胺在CaCO3加填造纸中的作用效果

探讨了在弱碱性条件下聚乙烯胺(PVAm)对CaCO3加填的芦苇浆和废纸浆的助留助滤效果．实验结果表明：PVAm在两种浆中都有非常显著的助滤．助留效果，且在芦苇浆中的助滤效果大于废纸浆．PVAm在芦苇浆中对纤维的助留效果不如废纸浆，但对CaCO3的助留效果高于废纸浆．     

聚氧化乙烯助留和助滤性能的探讨

<正>聚氧化乙烯(Polyethlene oxide——简称PEO)是由环醚型的环氧乙烯在催化剂的作用下开环聚合而成的高分子物质,其通式是CH_2·CH_2O。它在水中的溶解性能随其分子量的大小而不同,一般来说,分子量越大,在水中的溶解性能越差。 聚氧化乙烯在造纸工业中的应用,国内已有一些工厂做了试验,取得了一定的成效,他们都是以分散纤维、防止纤维絮聚、提高成纸的均匀性为目的,故称之为分散剂。但普遍反映聚氧化乙烯的价格高,影响造纸厂产品的成本和利润,因此在一定程度上限制了它的使用范围。根据有关资料和我们的分析,认为聚氧化乙烯还是二种极好的助留剂和助滤剂。根据C·H·Tay等人的资料,聚氧化乙烯对纸料中细小粒子的留着作用,较聚丙烯酰胺(PAA)更大(图1)。如果我们能从实验中证实上述作用,那末对缓和聚氧化乙烯在应用中的成本和效果的矛盾,会起到一定的作用。 一、试验材料及方法     

APAM/CPAM双极膜在电氧化双醛淀粉中的应用

以聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)为原料合成阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)聚合物,制备APAM/CPAM双极膜.IR分析表明,该聚合物膜两边分别含有-COO-、-NH (CH2CH2)2+官能团.该膜能稳定存在于酸溶液中.以APAM/CPAM聚合物双极膜为电解槽隔膜,间接电氧化合成双醛淀粉,整个电解...     

关于阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺在亚硫酸盐苇浆中助滤性能的研究

本实验对阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)在亚硫酸盐苇浆中的助滤规律和机理做了研究。结果表明,CPAM是优良的助滤剂,它的效果受分子中胺基含量的影响很大。在我国,芦苇是一种重要的制浆造纸原料。研究CPAM在苇浆中的助滤性能,在国内外尚属初次。因此,本实验结果对改善苇浆抄造有一定的指导意义。     

固着剂助留剂协同控制纸浆溶解与胶体物质的机理

 将聚胺固着剂（PA）、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺助留剂（CPAM）单独以及协同处理旧新闻纸浆,采用聚焦光束反射测定仪（FBRM）考察浆料中残余胶体粒子的数量、尺寸和尺寸分布,探讨固着剂/助留剂协同控制纸浆中溶解与胶体物质（DCS）的效果和机理。结果表明,PA单独处理纸浆时,会产生部分不能固着于纸张纤维或不被纤维网络截留的粒子聚集体;CPAM单独处理纸浆时,其电荷容易被DCS中和,导致其减少纸浆胶体粒子数量的效果明显下降,但不产生粒子聚集体;PA/CPAM协同处理纸浆时,后续的CPAM处理能将PA预处理纸浆时产生的部分粒子聚集体进一步固着到纸张纤维上,达到更好地降低胶体粒子数量的效果,且不产生更大的粒子聚集体。     

APPLICATION OF BORON MODIFIED SILICA SOL ON RETENTION AND DRAINAGE

INTRODUCTIONRecently with the high speed, large-scale develop-ment of papermaking, in the manufacture of paper and paperboard conventional single and dual reten-tion and drainage systems cannot obtain satisfying re-tention and drainage. So in 1980 microparticulate systems appeared. Because of its superiority such as good retention effectiveness on fine and chemicals, improving drainage and paper formation, reducing waste water and enhancing the concentration of white water for good recover…     

阳离子硅镁石助留助滤体系研究

本文研究了阳离子硅镁石作为造纸助留助滤剂的作用及影响因素。结果表明:单独使用时阳离子硅镁石微粒对CaCO3填料及细小组分具有一定的助留助滤作用,但对剪切作用敏感;而当与APMP组成阳离子硅镁石微粒/APMP复合体系时,则表现出良好的助留助滤作用,并且,对pH值的变化及剪切作用均不敏感。在本实验中,硅镁石微粒的最佳加入量为15%(相对于碳酸钙),APAM的最佳加入量为0.5%(相对于碳酸钙)。     

IMPACT OF APPLYING BCTMP TO WOOD-FREE LWC ON ITS PERFORMANCE

INTRODUCTIONBleached CTMP (BCTMP) is popular in many commercial paper grades, such as packaging, tissue, uncoated wood-free fine papers. There is a strong economic incentive to substitute BCTMP for kraft pulp in producing wood-free light weight coated paper (LWC). Wood free LWC is used mostly for high-speed heatset web offset (HWSO) color printing. With a low basis weight and also low coat weight, the strength, surface and structural properties of the LWC wood-free paper are al…     

改性微粒硅溶胶的研制及应用机理研究

The preparation and their application in papermaking of aluminium modified silica sol (AMS) and boron modified silica sol (BMS) were first investigated in China. At the same time the structures and configurations of AMS and BMS were first time authenticated. The modified silica sol microparticle system was detailedly and systemically studied with colloid charge titration. On the research of flocculation mechanism the laser sizer was also first time used to determine the floc size. Results showed that sodium silicate was treated and acidification was carried out by means of strongly acid cation exchange resins and obtained almost sodium free acid sols. The acid sol obtained after acidification was then made alkaline.     

钙离子与钠离子对浆料Zeta电位的影响

用氯化钙和氯化钠调节添加了不同化学助剂的去金属离子浆料电导率,用德国mütek 公司SZP-04型Zeta电位仪检测对比浆料Zeta电位的变化情况,探讨了Na+和Ca2+对浆料Zeta电位的不同影响,并应用Minitab软件对实验测得的结果进行量化分析。结果表明：无机盐离子使浆料Zeta电位绝对值下降,Ca2+对浆料Zeta电位绝对值的降低作用高于Na+。浆料Zeta电位（ζ）随浆料电导率（σ）以及浆料初始Zeta电位值（ζ0）的变化符合数学模型：ζ=-0.388+0988ζ0+0.202lnσ-ζ00.091lnσ（氯化钙调节电导率时）, ζ=-0.806+ 0.960ζ0-0.316lnσ-ζ00.102lnσ（氯化钠调节电导率时）。浆料Zeta电位在等电点附近时,CPAM的助留助滤性能最佳。与Na+相比,Ca2+更容易使造纸系统的Zeta电位值过高甚至达到正值,从而影响浆料的性能。     

STUDY ON A NEW NONIONIC MICRIOPARTICLE RETENTION SYSTEM

Microparticle retention system, developed lately, mainly consists of cationic polymers and anionic inorganic substances, such as Hydrocol system consisting of cationic polyacrylamide/modified bentonite and Compozil system[2] with cationic starch/anionic silica sol. The principle of electrostatic interaction has been adopted for these systems. Whereas if there are plentiful anionic trashes in systems, their efficiency will not embody primely. Although anionic trash catcher (ATC) could be adde…     

STUDY ON THE RETENTION MECHANISMS OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT CATIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE

1INTRODUCTIONWith the development of paper industry, more and more paper chemicals are applied into the wet-end of papermaking. Understanding their different functional mechanisms could be of benefit to their applications. Since the main compositions of paper furnish, that is, fibers, fines and fillers, take negative charges and have large surface area, the functional mechanisms between the above-mentioned particles and the aids of retention and drainage mainly include "patch mechanism" an…     

城市纳污河道废水化学强化一级处理的研究

针对山东省淄博市猪龙河和白家河城市纳污河道水质的特点，进行了化学强化一级处理该河道废水的研究.初步筛选出聚合氯化铝（PAC）、阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺（CPAM）、阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺（APAM）和聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（PDMDAAC）混凝剂，研究了它们对该废水中COD、溶解性COD（SCOD）、浊度、总氮（NT）和总磷（PT）的去除效果，选出了适于该废水水质的混凝剂为APAM和PDMDAAC.研究了pH值和表面负荷对混凝效果的影响.研究结果发明，APAM在最佳投加量0.3?mg/L时，对COD和SCOD的去除率分别为44％～64％和33％～67％；PDMDAAC在最佳投加量0.5?mg/L时，对COD和SCOD的去除率分别为51％～60％和21％～67％.APAM和PDMDAAC对NT去除率较低，约为15％～20％，但对PT具有较高的去除率，为60％～80％.APAM和PDMDAAC对COD的去除效果受pH值影响较小，在pH 7～10范围内均具有较好的混凝效果.研究结果表明，表面负荷从0.8?m3/m2·h提高到1.2?m3/m2·h时，COD和浊度去除率变化不大. 〖GK2*2]Abstract     

EFFECTS OF PROCESSING OPERATIONS ON ZETA POTENTIAL AND CATIONIC DEMAND OF PULPS

Thc zeta potential and cationic demands of various kraft pulps - unbleached, bleached and beaten to different freeness levels were determined in the laboratory. The zeta potential of pulp where the final stage was a lignin degrading and dissolving treatment such as alkaline extraction or hypochlorite was lower than the unbleached pulp. The cationic demand of unbleached pulp was higher compared to that of bleached pulp. Beaten pulps showed larger cationic demands than the unbeaten pulps, which can be attributed to the larger specific surface area of pulp components. Fibres become increasingly electronegative when beaten and therefore cationic demand of pulps increases with beating. When the zeta potential method is used with furnishes of different freeness,the linear relationship is observed. However, the slope is decreasing with the decrease in freeness of the pulp.     

CHARACTERISTICS OF BENTONITE AND ITS SYNERGISTIC RETENTION EFFECT WITH CPAM ON WHEAT STRAW PULP

INTRODUCTIONIn papermaking industry, microparticle retention aid systems have been widely accepted in past decade because of their simultaneous improvements on retention and drainage but with no sacrifice in formation compared with conventional polymer retention systems. Polyacrylamide/bentonite is one of the typical microparticle retention aid systems,in which highly anionic charged bentonite is used as the microparticle component. The flocculation mechanism of this microparticle retentio…     

阳离子微粒聚合物在造纸工业中的应用

采用乳剂和溶液的聚合技术制备了不同电荷密度和胶体性质的阳离子微粒聚合物(CPMP)。论文探讨了阳离子微粒聚合物在造纸工业中的应用。研究表明用阳离子或阴离子的聚合物与阳离子微粒聚合物联合使用可以改善纸张的匀度和留着率。其机理可能是由干阳离子微粒聚合物的加入产生了更有效的架桥絮聚。另外阳离子微粒聚合物也是一种良好的施胶剂，研究结果表明施胶效果与聚合物添加量．电荷密度和微粒尺寸有关。通过施胶张可以获得更好的光学和物理性能。     

OPTIMIZING EUCALYPTUS PULP REFINING

This paper discusses the refining of bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp (BEKP).Pilot plant tests were carried out in to optimize the refining process and to identify the effects of refining variables on final paper quality and process costs.The following parameters are discussed: pulp consistency, disk pattern design, refiner speed,energy input, refiner configuration (parallel or serial)and refining intensity.The effects of refining on pulp fibers were evaluated against the pulp quality properties, such as physical strengths, bulk, opacity and porosity, as well as the interactions with papermaking process, such as paper machine runnability, paper breaks and refining control.The results showed that process optimization,considering pulp quality and refining costs, were obtained when eucalyptus pulp is refined under the lowest intensity and the highest pulp consistency possible. Changes on the operational refining conditions will have the highest impact on total energy requirements (costs) without any significant effect on final paper properties.It was also observed that classical ways to control the industrial operation, such as those based on drainage measurements, do not represent the best alternative to maximize the final paper properties neither the paper machine runability.     

EFFECTS OF CRC SIMULACRUM MADE OF OLEIC ACID AND GLYCERIDE ON WET-END AND PAPER PROPERTIES OF NEWSPRONT

INTRODUCTIONMechanical pulp is the main furnish of newsprint. Unfortunately there are much more extractives in mechanical pulp than in other pulps such as Kraft. Extractives are often used to refer to the nonstructural components of wood and bark. Most extractives are organic solvents, including polyphenols, terpenoids, fats, waxes, organic acids, complex polysaccharides and nitrogenous compounds. The amount of extractives and their composition vary with respect to the botanical families…     

微波辐射应用于麦草浆漂白工艺的研究

将微波辐射代替传统水浴加热应用于H2O2麦草浆漂白工艺中。研究了微波辐射时间、辐射功率、H2O2用量和NaOH用量等因素对纸浆漂白效果的影响。通过与传统水浴加热漂白对比发现,达到相应白度时微波辐射漂白时间大大缩短;微波辐射漂白纸浆粘度没有过多下降;微波辐射漂白废水中的残余过氧化物只有水浴漂白的10%。正交实验结果表明H2O2用量的影响最大,其次是微波辐射时间和NaOH用量,影响最小的是微波输出功率。最佳实验条件为微波辐射功率240?W、辐射时间25?min、H2O2用量5％和NaOH用量4％时纸浆白度约为59％ISO,纸浆粘度大于620?mL·g-1,纸浆硬度约为390。