Demonstration of neurofibrillary degeneration induced by anoxia in spinal motor neurons in vitro

Zusammenfassung Die neurofibrilläre Degeneration durch Anoxie wurde an Nervenzellen des Rückenmarks von Hühnerembryonen mit der Bodian-Silberimprägnation in Gewebekultur studiert.     

Testicular degeneration in rats by carbon tetrachloride intoxication

Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, dass CCl₄ (Carbontetrachloride) nicht nur eine hepatotoxische Wirkung besitzt, sondern offenbar auch eine endokrine Komponente, die wahrscheinlich an der Hypophyse angreift.     

Myonecrosis induced by scorpion venom

Zusammenfassung Elektronenoptischer Nachweis, dass Skorpiongift (Tityus serrulatus) nach i.p. Verabreichung an der quergestreiften Muskulatur der Küchenschabe eine starke nekrosierende Wirkung ausübt.     

Mitotic inhibition induced by phosphates

Zusammenfassung In Gewebskulturen von Hühnerfibroblasten sind Toluhydrochinon und Toluchinon unwirksam. Nach Zusatz von 10^–3-M-Phosphat werden diese Substanzen antimitotisch wirksam. Der antimitotische Effekt von Toluhydrochinon + Phosphat ist erheblich grösser als derjenige von Toluchinon + Phosphat. Diese Beobachtungen können zur Deutung der antimitotischen Wirkung von Toluhydrochinondiphosphat herangezogen werden.     

Neuronal autophagy and axon degeneration

Axon degeneration is a pathophysiological process of axonal dying and breakdown, which is characterized by several morphological features including the accumulation of axoplasmic organelles, disassembly of microtubules, and fragmentation of the axonal cytoskeleton. Autophagy, a highly conserved lysosomal-degradation machinery responsible for the control of cellular protein quality, is widely believed to be essential for the maintenance of axonal homeostasis in neurons. In recent years, more and more evidence suggests that dysfunctional autophagy is associated with axonal degeneration in many neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the core machinery of autophagy in neuronal cells, and provide several major steps that interfere with autophagy flux in neurodegenerative conditions. Furthermore, this review highlights the potential role of neuronal autophagy in axon degeneration, and presents some possible molecular mechanisms by which dysfunctional autophagy leads to axon degeneration in pathological conditions.     

Hypoaldosteronism in piglets induced by carbadox

An exploratory study was made of the mechanisms underlying the toxic action of carbadox in young pigs: dehydration, loss of appetite and at autopsy seemingly specific and selective structural alterations of the glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex. Administration of carbadox in the feed, in dosages of 150 ppm (approximately 6 mg X kg-1 b. wt X day-1) caused a rapid decline in the plasma aldosterone levels (to 10% of control) followed by significant changes in the sodium and potassium levels in blood. Characteristic for the toxic action of carbadox are the rapid and seemingly selective and specific alterations in the aldosterone-releasing zona glomerulosa of the adrenals. Our results indicate that with carbadox a functional and possibly reversible extirpation of the adrenal zona glomerulosa can be achieved in pigs.     

Fibrillation of tropoelastin induced by proteoglycan

Summary Electrostatic interaction between tropoelastin, the native precursor of elastin, and proteoglycan results in tropoelastin fibrillation. The finding suggests a possible involvement of proteoglycans in elastogenesis.     

Haploidy induced by radiations in wheat

Zusammenfassung Bestrahlung von Weizenähren (Triticum aestivum L. Varietät N.P. 809) mit X-Strahlen (5200 r) kurz vor dem Blühen sowie geeignete Behandlung von Topfpflanzen oder Karyopsen der gleichen Pflanze mit P³² oder S³⁵ erzeugen haploide Formen.     

Murine thyroiditis induced by neonatal thymectomy

Zusammenfassung Nachweis einer Thyroiditis bei hybriden Mäusen, die bei der Geburt thymektomiert wurden. Die Entzündung der Thyroidea wurde durch Implantation von Thymus bzw. Injektion von Thymuszellen verhindert     

Nuclear localization of aldosterone in rat brain cells assessed by autoradiography

Summary Autoradiographic studies with³H aldosterone demonstrate nuclear concentration of hormone in neurons of the hippocampus, septum, allocortical regionss and brain stem reticular formation and motor nuclei of cranial nerves and in the meninges. The results suggest that mineralocorticoids have wide ranging effects on different parts of the central nervous system.This work was supported by the Medical Research Council of Canada and by PHS grant NS09914. We thank Ms Brenda McClain for technical assistance.