Noradrenalin-Freisetzung aus isolierten Hypothalamus-Vesikeln

Summary Potassium and sodium from isolated pig hypothalamic vesicles cause a dose dependent release of noradrenaline. The releasing effect of nicotine is less pronounced than that of acetylcholine. No addition of the effects could be observed by simultaneous incubation with calcium and potassium or calcium and nicotine. The effect of potassium is abolished by tetracain.

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Ausgeführt mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Darstellung doppelbrechender Lipoidtropfen aus dem Serum

Summary (1) Doubly refracting lipoid droplets can be demonstrated in normal and pathological sera by means of alcohol ether extraction. This is not possible with ether extraction alone.(2) These lipoid droplets can be demonstrated only, or almost only, when they are precipitated out of alcohol or ether alcohol     

Das Zirkon-Alter granitischer Gesteine aus dem Gotthardmassiv

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Darstellbarkeit doppelbrechender Lipoidtropfen aus dem Urin und pathogenetische Auffassungen der Lipoidurie

Summary (1) No double refractile Iipoid droplets can be obtained by alcohol ether extraction from urine or from urinary protein as it is possible from blood serum.(2) The conclusion is drawn that the double refractile lipoids droplets in urinary sediment do not pass through the glomeruli and therefore are not reabsorbed by the tubuli, but that they come from the own lipoproteins of the epithelial cells of renal tubuli and pass into urine by dissolution and desquamation of these cells.     

Isolierung der tuberkulinaktiven Proteine aus dem Tuberkulin mit Hilfe von Dextran-Gel

Summary By filtering heated filtrates of the cultures ofMycobacterium tuberculosis human, bovine and avian type respectively through the dextran-gel Sephadex 50, it is possible to separate the tuberculoproteins from the other inactive constituents in a simple manner.     

Psilocybin,ein psychotroper Wirkstoff aus dem mexikanischen RauschpilzPsilocybe mexicana Heim

Summary The active principle ofPsilocybe mexicana Heim, a mexican mushroom with hallucinogenic properties, has been isolated in crystalline form. The compound has been given the namePsilocybin; it possesses indole characteristics and contains phosphorus. A second substance, closely related toPsilocybin but found only in traces, has been calledPsilocin.     

Proteolytische Enzyme aus dem Darmtrakt der Hornisse (Vespa orientalis F.)

Summary Two proteinases from the digestive tract of the oriental hornet larvaVespaorientalis were investigated. One hydrolyzes the chymotrypsin substrates ATEE and APNE, the other one the trypsin substrates BAEE and BANA. They belong to the serine proteases, and split B-chain of oxidized insulin in a way similar to that of vertebrates.

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Der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft sei für finanzielle Unterstützung gedankt.     

Ein neues Alkaloid aus dem Mycel einesClaviceps purpurea-Stammes. Zur Biogenese von Ergocristin

Summary A new alkaloid from the lyophilized mycelia of aClaviceps purpurea strain, N-[N-(d-Lysergyl)-l-valyl]-l-phenylalanyl-d-prolin-lactam, has been isolated and characterized. From its fast methanolysis it is deduced that the previously reported N-(d-Lysergyl)-l-valinmethylester is actually an artefact. The biogenetic significance and its possible role in biogenesis of Ergocristine is discussed.     

Boltzmanns mechanische Grundlegung des zweiten Hauptsatzes der Wärmelehre aus dem Jahre 1866

Ohne Zusammenfassung Vorgelegt von S. Flügge     

Clausius' mechanische Grundlegung des zweiten Hauptsatzes der Wärmelehre aus dem Jahre 1871

Ohne Zusammenfassung Vorgelegt von S. Flügge     

Zu Hermann von Helmholtzens mechanischer Grundlegung der Wärmelehre aus dem Jahre 1884

Ohne Zusammenfassung Vorgelegt von S. Flügge     

Die Isolierung von Cortisol-21-sulfat aus dem Urin von Cushingpatienten vor und nach totaler Adrenalektomie

Summary Cortisol-21-sulphate has been identified in the urine of three patients with Cushing's syndrome before and after total adrenalectomy (substitution with 200 mg F orally). The identification was based upon the following data: Identical behaviour of the standard cortisol-21-sulphate and the unknowns in two different paper chromatographic systems; positive methylene blue reaction and UV-contact-photogram; identical absorption spectra in concentrated sulphuric acid; correspondence with free cortisol of the steroid moiety liberated by dioxan solvolysis and formation of adrenosterone following treatment with chromic acid. The data support evidence that cortisol-21-sulphate may originate not only from the human adrenal gland but also from extra-adrenal sources, presumably the liver.     

Zur Frage der Neubildung von Primordialfollikeln aus dem Keimepithel während der Geschlechtsreife im menschlichen Ovar

Summary Findings in the human ovary confirmed the fact already pointed out in animal ovaries that under the influence of oestrogens the germinal epithelium is capable of forming new oocytes. Whether the germinal epithelium of the mature woman can form new oocytes under normal conditions cannot be determined as yet, but the present findings allow the conclusion that neo-oogenesis during the reproductive period of women seems possible. Further investigations, now in progress, are required to determine this possibility.     

Die mechanischen Entropie- und Disgregationskonzepte aus dem 19. Jahrhundert: ihre Grundlagen,ihr Versagen und ihr Entstehungshintergrund

Ohne Zusammenfassung Vorgelegt von S. Flügge Helmuth Temeschinko zum Gedächtnis     

Unterschiede zwischen Tyramin und Dimethylphenylpiperazin in der Ca++-Abhängigkeit und im zeitlichen Verlauf der Noradrenalin-Freisetzung am isolierten Kaninchenherzen

Summary On the perfused rabbit heart a constant infusion of tyramine released noradrenaline continuously and independently of the external Ca⁺⁺ concentration. In contrast, noradrenaline release by DMPP was only transient and required the presence of Ca⁺⁺.

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Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Actin aus Kalbsherzmuskel

Summary Sedimentation coefficient, intrinsic viscosity, amino acid composition and myosin binding capacity of actin from calf's heart were determined. The results are in fair agreement with values published for actin from other sources. No influence of strophantin-g or strophantin-k on the velocity of polymerization and the viscosity and thixotropy of f-actin could be detected.     

Rotationssinn nach dem Bogengangsprinzip bei Crustaceen

Summary Blinded crabs (Carcinus maenas andMaja verrucosa) show compensatory eye stalk movements on rotation about a vertical axis, in water and in air. On a sudden arrest of the turntable typical after-effects are observed, which show a striking resemblance to those known from vertebrates. All these reactions are abolished after bilateral elimination of the so-called thread hairs within the statocysts (experiments onMaja). In fresh preparations these hairs can be seen to follow the slightest movements of the surrounding fluid, swaying around their point of attachment.Elimination of the thread hairs does not diminish, but does markedly delay the compensatory eye stalk movements of a blinded crab on rotation about horizontal axes. The latter reactions are abolished if in addition the hook hairs (i.e. the sense hairs of the statolith-bearing type) are destroyed.It is concluded that the statocyst of crabs is a staticdynamic sense organ: the hook hairs are position receptors, the thread hairs react to angular displacements about all three main body axes; the group hairs may have no sensory function at all.Rotation sense may be expected to occur in other Crustacea possessing thread hairs or similar receptors in their statocysts as well.     

Sexchromatinbestimmung aus der Haarwurzel

Summary A method is described by which sex chromatin can be easily and routinely determined in the cell nuclei of the root sheath of a single pulled human hair.     

Synthese von Solanidin aus Demissidin

Summary The steroidal alkaloid solanidine (solanid-5-ene-3-ol, II) which occurs in the potato plantSolanum tuberosum L. has been synthesized from demissidine (5-solanidane-3-ol, I), an alkaloid from the Mexican wild potatoSolanum demissum Lindl. The synthesis involves the following steps: 5-solanidane-3-one, 2,4-dibromo-5-solanidane-3-one, solanid-4-ene-3-one, 3-acetoxy-solanida-3,5-diene, and solanidine (II).

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Solanum-Alkaloide. XVII. Mitteilung. — XVI. Mitteilung:K. Schreiber undG. Adam, Exper.17, 490 (1961).