农用抗生素禾粟霉素的分离、纯化和理化特牲

禾粟霉素是由禾粟链霉菌的一个新菌株——禾粟链霉菌105N_1菌株(Streptomyces graminearus 105N_1)产生的防治麦类赤霉病的一种农用抗生素。经用阳离子交换树脂从发酵液中提取、纯化,并通过微晶纤维素柱层析分离、CM—Sephadex G—25进一步纯化,分别得到A、C两个组分及B、C混合物。理化分析表明,禾粟霉素为一群碱性水溶性抗生素,属于链丝菌素类,但C组分与链丝菌素类各成员有明显区别,而A组分与链丝菌素类相似,但亦有差异,其结构分析另报。1982年我们报导了在筛选农用抗生素的过程中发现了一新菌株——禾粟链霉菌105N_1菌株,它所产生的碱性水溶性抗生素——禾粟霉素(Graminmycin),对格兰氏阳性菌和格兰氏阴性菌有较强的抑制作用,对真菌的抑制作用也很强。大田实验结果表明,禾粟霉素对麦类赤霉病的防治效果显著。本文主要报导禾粟霉素的分离、纯化和理化特性。     

吸附溶出伏安法测定微量镍

在0.01mol·L_(-1)NH_3—0.01mol·L_(-1)NH_4Cl缓冲溶液中,酸性铬兰K(ACBK)在-0.34v(vs.SCE)产生一还原波P_1,当有镍离子存在时,N_~(2 )—ACBK络合物在-0.64v产生一新的灵敏极谱波P_2,P_2的峰与N_1~(2 )浓度在2.0×10~(-8)～3.2×10~(-7)mol·L~(-1)范围内成正比,检测限为1.0×10_(-8)mol·L~(-1),用于测定标样中的微量镍,结果令人非常满意。     

一种测定a—Si∶H隙态密度的新方法

用强场发射电流法(FEC)测量了 GD—a—si∶H 膜的隙态密度分布,得到接近 E_F 处的 N(E)为5×10~(16)/cm~3ev,N(E)的分布趋势和形状与场效应法所得结果一致.     

4,4′—癸二酰基—双—(1—苯基—3—甲基—5—吡唑啉酮)的极谱行为研究

本文研究了4.4′一癸二酰基一双一(1—苯基—3—甲基—5—吡唑啉酮)(DBPMP)在醋酸盐介质中的极谱还原性质,其在滴汞电极上分别于-0.3V和-1.2V(VS.SCE)产生两个不可逆的还原波P_1、P_2,二者的二阶导数峰电流i_(p1)及i_(p2)与DBPMP的浓度分别在1.O×10~(-6)～7.0×10~(-5)-mol,L~(-1)和3.0×10~(-7)～1.75×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)范围内有良好线性关系。反应机理研究表明:P_1为DBPMP中稀醇部分的双键的还原,P_2则对应于吡唑环上碳基的还原;两个波的反应电子教均为4,且均有吸附波特征。     

银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒毒力的生物测定

从新鲜虫尸粗提的病毒,配成5×10~3—5×10~7多角体/ml五种不同浓度,每虫以0.1ml涂于豆叶上,感染2—3令幼虫,分组群养,6天统计结果,幼虫死亡率随病毒浓度增加而上升,5×10~5—5×10~7多角体/ml,可达81.7—92.9％。Lc_(50)为7.9×10~3多角体/ml,上、下置信限分别为9.88×10~4,6.38×10~2多角体/ml.LT_(50)5×10~6,5×10~7,5×10~5多角体/ml分别为3.7,4.1,4.5天.Lc_(50)与LT_(50)值说明NPV对银纹夜蛾具有高度侵染力,在生产上有一定的实用价值。1令幼虫对NPV最敏感,死亡率在95.2％以上,2—3令次之,4令以上敏感性很差。     

铅肼络离子的极谱研究

本文研究了在肼底液中铅的极谱性质。在N_2H_4—N_2H_5ClO_4缓冲溶液(pH=7)中,当[Pb~( )]=5.00×10~(-4)M,[N_2H_4] 0.7—2.3M时,Pb~( )与N_2H_4生成一种不稳定的络离子:Pb~( ) N_2H_4→Pb(N_2H_4)~( )30℃时,其生成常数为90,铅肼络离子的还原过程是可逆的,n=2,E_(1/2)决定於溶液中N_2H_4的浓度。当溶液的pH值保持在7.00而[N_2H_4]低於0.7M或[N_2H_4]高於0.7M而pH值增至7.5以上时,铅就从溶液中沉淀出来.     

东方蜜蜂微孢子虫环介导恒温扩增检测方法的建立

以从重庆酉阳分离到的东方蜜蜂微孢子虫(Nosema ceranae)为研究对象,以该物种16SrDNA作为靶标,设计引物并采用环介导等温扩增(Loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)技术检测东方蜜蜂微孢子虫。实验结果显示,LAMP检测的最佳条件为内引物浓度5μmol·L~(-1),聚合酶用量800U;以研究对象16SrDNA质粒为模板,LAMP检测的最低质量浓度为1.735×10~(-2)ng·μL~(-1),PCR检测的最低质量浓度为1.735×10~(-1)ng·μL~(-1);以研究对象基因组DNA为模板,LAMP检测的最低质量浓度为1.475×10~(-3)ng·μL~(-1),PCR检测的最低质量浓度为1.475×10~(-1)ng·μL~(-1);以研究对象基因组DNA、正常中蜂(Apis cerana)中肠基因组DNA、正常意蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica)中肠基因组DNA、正常家蚕(Bombyx mori)中肠基因组DNA、蜜蜂球囊菌(Ascosphaera apis)孢子基因组DNA和中蜂囊状幼虫病毒cDNA作为模板进行检测,其中只有以研究对象基因组DNA为模板时,LAMP扩增才有条带。以上研究提示具有高灵敏度和高特异性的LAMP检测方法是东方蜜蜂微孢子虫检测的一个有效工具,可为后期在养蜂场建立快速有效的检测工具奠定基础。     

非晶态硅的激光辐照研究

我们对不同的晶态硅样品,进行高剂量(1×10~(14)—1×10~(16)cm~(-2))的离子注入,采用不同的离子源(B,P,A_s)和不同的注入能量(60—100kev),最终形成非晶态层。 文章给出激光辐照使a—S_i向c—S_i发生结构转变的观测结果。 文中还对不同形式样品的c—v实验曲线进行讨论。     

肉桂醛-苯甲醛双组分体系的紫外光谱特性研究

研究了肉桂醛和苯甲醛的紫外吸收光谱,肉桂醛的最大吸收峰位于291nm,在该坡长下,肉桂醛在0.8～8 mg/L的浓度范围内,其浓度与吸光度符合朗伯—比耳定律;苯甲醛的最大吸收峰位于249nm,在1～12mg/L的浓度范围内,苯甲醛溶液浓度与其吸光度也符合朗伯—比耳定律.根据朗伯—比耳定律和吸光度的加和性推导出混合体系中苯甲醛和内桂醛含量的快速测定公式:c_(苯甲醛)=8.329×10~(-5)×A_(A~·_1)~总-9.627×10~(-6)×A_(A~·_1)~总,c_(桂醛)= 4.123×10~(-5)×A_(A~·_1)~总-4.375×10~(-6)×A_(A~·_1)~总.     

化肥厂中置式锅炉管线及其配件用12SiMoVNb低合金钢的研制

随着化肥工业的发展,对中置式副产蒸汽锅炉用钢的需要日益迫切。该设备的管线、阀门管件等均在高压(320公斤/厘米~2),中温(400℃),氢、氮、氨(H_2:N_2=3:1,NH_3为12—16％)介质条件下工作,因而不仅需要钢材有一定的综合机械性能。而且要求具有良好的耐氢,氮、氨腐蚀、抗高温、加工制造和焊接性能等。国外选用N_8,N_(10)和不锈钢为典型材料,而国内多半靠进口。为解决这方面用钢的需要,1973年起,     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.