温度与植物生长调节物质对紫罗兰生育及其开花的影响

采用自然光人工气候室设定2个温度区(低温区20 ℃ 12 h/15 ℃ 12 h,中温区25 ℃,12 h/20 ℃,12 h)对紫罗兰Matthiola incana R.Br.中晚熟品种"彼岸王"生育、开花的影响;并使用①植物生长调节剂GA、GA3、GA4不同浓度2次喷雾处理.结果显示,低温区的对照开花率37.5%,GA(GA3含量90%以上)250×10-6、GA3、GA4各浓度100×10-6处理开花率分别为87.5%,87.5%及100%.GA、GA3、GA4处理分别比对照提早2周左右开花,着花节位低、节数少、株高高.中温区各处理未见开花,但株高比对照有所伸长,节数相对减少;②植物生长调节剂GA、GA+BA、BA各浓度250×10-6 2次喷雾处理,低温区的对照开花率为41.7%.GA 、BA、GA+BA混合液各浓度250×10-6喷雾处理,开花率分别达100%、 33.3%与25.0%.GA处理比对照提早3周左右开花.BA、GA+BA处理与对照开花日没有明显差异.BA 处理对其生长发育有明显抑制作用,开花率低.中温区对照与各处理均未见开花,其生长发育更加明显受到抑制的作用.     

极度濒危植物猪血木RAPD反应体系的优化

采用改进的CTAB法提取中国特有极度濒危植物猪血木(Euryodendron excelsum H.T.Chang) 嫩叶总DNA,并对其进行RAPD分析.分别检测了模板DNA、引物、dNTP、Mg2+和Taq DNA聚合酶用量对反应结果的影响.筛选并建立了适合于猪血木RAPD扩增的反应体系:总体积25 μL,其中10×PCR 缓冲液(500 mmol/L KCl,100 mmol/L Tris-HCl,110% Triton X-100,20 mmol/L MgCl2) 2.5 μL,引物( 1.5 μmol/L) 0.3 μL,dNTPs (10 mmol/L) 0.5 μL,模板2 μL (25 ng),Taq 酶0.2 μL (0.5 U).     

基于 VAR 模型的重庆市大气污染物分析及研究

目的 研究重庆市首要空气污染物 PM2. 5 与 PM10 、SO2 、NO2 、CO、O3 的动态影响关系,为政府制定防治大气 污染措施及相关政策提供有价值的建议。 方法 收集重庆市 2021-05-01—2021-10-31 日的 PM2. 5 、PM10 、SO2 、 NO2 、CO、O3 这 6 项大气污染物的日浓度数据,利用 Eviews8. 0 软件,对原始数据进行序列平稳性检验;根据 Granger 因果检验结果选择变量,建立时间序列 VAR 模型,并检验模型的稳定性;利用广义脉冲响应分析和方差分 解分析,研究各污染物浓度对 PM2. 5 的动态影响及相对重要性。 结果 Granger 因果检验表明:PM10 、SO2 、NO2 、O3 是 PM2. 5 的 Granger 原因, CO 不是 PM2. 5 的 Granger 原因;广义脉冲响应分析表明:NO2 对 PM2. 5 的影响最大;方差 分解分析表明:NO2 的浓度对 PM2. 5 的影响最大;O3 对 PM2. 5 的影响次之,对 SO2 的影响作用最小。 所以,从长期 影响效应看,NO2 对 PM2. 5 具有长期较大的影响,SO2 对 PM2. 5 的影响最弱。 结论 防治 PM2. 5 对重庆市空气的污染 应着重控制 NO2 的污染,因此,政府应大力发展绿色交通,控制交通污染;大力监管高污染行业,将烟雾、粉尘、颗粒 物等排放量较大的行业作为工业污染源治理的重点;大力发展清洁能源,加快化石燃料替代资源的开发利用。     

中国特有极度濒危植物猪血木RAPD反应体系的探索

采用改进的CTAB法提取中国特有极度濒危植物猪血木(Euryodendron excelsum H.T.Chang)嫩叶总DNA,进行RAPD分析。分别研究了模板DNA、引物、dNTPs、Mg2 和Taq DNA聚合酶用量对RAPD PCR扩增反应结果的影响。筛选并建立了适合于猪血木RAPD扩增的反应体系:总体积25μL,其中10×PCR缓冲液(500 mmol/L KCl,100 mmol/L Tris-HCl,1.0%Triton X-100,20 mmol/L MgCl2)2.0μL,引物(1.5μmol/L)0.2μL,dNTPs(10 mmol/L)0.3μL,模板2μL(15 ng),Taq酶0.4μL(0.5 U),水20.1μL。     

老芒麦地下根系数量特征与分蘖特性的相关性研究

以田间表现优异的3份老芒麦(E.sibiricus)品种为研究对象,通过研究老芒麦地上分蘖数与不同土壤分层中的根系重、根系长及根系密度之间的关系,探讨地下根系特征与分蘖特性的相关性,以期获得老芒麦地上生物量的最大化.研究结果表明:0-10cm土层内的根系分布及根长对老芒麦地上分蘖影响最大;X16老芒麦品种0-10cm土层内的地下生物量最高,根系分布、密度、根长与其它2个品种差异性显著,地上分蘖株也最多,达到525株/m,显著高于其它2个品种.     

Regulation of eight avr genes by hrpG and hrpX in Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and their role in pathogenicity

Eight putative avirulence genes in Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) strain 8004 were characterized by Tn5gusA5 mutagenesis and gene expression analysis. The virulence test of mutants on Chinese radish showed that all mutants in individual avr genes except avrBs2 mutant were not significantly different from the wild type in virulence. The avrBs2 mutant showed reduced virulence and bacterial growth in planta. Gene expression analysis using β-glucuronidase as reporter indicated that avrBs1.1，avrBs1，avrXccB，avrXccC，avrXccE1 were regulated by hrpG, whereas avrXccA1, avrXccA2 and avrBs2 were not. RT-PCR analysis showed that all hrpG-regulated genes except avrBs1 were also regulated by hrpX. In addition, it was demonstrated that avrBs1　 was responsible for elicitation of a type III dependent hypersensitive reaction (HR) on nonhost plant pepper ECW-10R, and wild type Xcc 8004 was unable to cause HR on pepper ECW-20R.     

薏苡多糖的提取及其单糖组分的分析

从薏苡根中提取水溶性多糖,P.C分析其单糖组成为阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖、甘露糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖.总糖含量为14.1%,蛋白质含量为5.55%.将粗多糖进行乙醇分级得到A1、A2、A3三个级分多糖,P.C分析其单糖组成均为Ara、Rha、xyl、Man、Gal、Glc.红外检测具有多糖类物质的一般特征.     

硫酸镍水溶液热力学

HCl-NiSO4-H2O体系,恒定溶液总离子强度I=0.4000、0.6000、0.8000、1.0000、1.5000和2.000mol·kg-1,NiSO4在溶液中的离子强度分数恒定为yB=0.0000、0.1000、0.2000、0.3000、0.5000和0.7000条件下,应用经典的电动势方法测定无液体接界电池(A)在278.15～323.15K温度范围内的电动势:Pt,H2(101.325kPa)|HCl(mA),NiSO4(mB),H2O|AgCl-Ag(A)根据测得电池(A)的电动势数据,计算了混合溶液中HCl的活度系数γA.在溶液中总离子强度I和离子强度分数yB保持恒定时,混合溶液中HCl的活度系数logγA对热力学温度的倒数1/T作图是一条直线,拟合偏差均在10-3～10-4数量级.     

Dawson结构磷钨酸的电化学及光催化性能研究

制备了Dawson结构磷钨酸(H6P2W18O62.13H2O),通过UV-Vis及电化学方法分别对其结构和电化学性能进行了表征.以甲基橙溶液(MO)为模拟工业染料废水,研究Dawson结构磷钨酸在紫外光照射下催化剂的光催化性能.研究结果表明,在pH值2时,催化剂表现出较强的氧化还原能力;在优化条件下,即催化剂用量为1.5 g/L、甲基橙初始浓度为10 mg/L、紫外光照时间为120 min时,甲基橙降解率为93.83%.     

旋转填充床技术用于烟气脱硫试验研究

以水、氢氧化钙和氢氧化镁悬浮液为吸收剂,在旋转填充床内进行了烟气脱硫实验.着重研究了吸收液流量、吸收剂浓度、进气SO2浓度和旋转床转速对传质速率的影响,分析了各因素对SO2传质速率产生影响的原因.结果表明,在确定的实验条件下,碱性悬浮液吸收SO2的传质速率是纯水的3～4倍,增大吸收液流量和旋转床转速可使SO2的传质速率得到极大的提高.     

关于丢番图方程x4±5X2y2+5y4=z2

利用初等方法及Fermat无穷递降法,获得了丢番图方程x4±5x2y2+5y4=z2与x4±10x2y2+5y4=z2的正整数解公式.     

Biopanning of HGV epitope from a phage displayed library

Three mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific to E2 antigen of human hepatitis G virus (HGV) were used to bio-panning of a phage displayed random peptide library of 15 amino acid residues. After 3 rounds of screening, the ratio of output to input increased to 1.1 x 10" and the false positive rate reduced to 0.2% , which means the enrichment was effective. At the third round of screening, 15 plage clones were selected for the use in binding and competitive inhibition tests. Thirteen of them could specifically react with the mAb M6. The inhibition rates of phage 10 clones out of 15 were over 60% . From the deduced insert sequence in the coat protein VIII, the core sequence NPLWP was found in 6 phage clones which are homologeous to the amino acids 301—305 of HGV E2.The sera from the mice immunized with the phage clone C2 containing motif sequence were found positive for anti-HGV. These indicate the possibility that NPLWP motif in the short peptide is the mimic of HGV E2 epitope that can be recognized by HGV mAb M6.     

Effect of calcium ions on the secondary structures of photosystemⅡ and its relations with photoinhibition

Calcium ions play an important role in the oxygen_evolving process of photosystem Ⅱ as demonstrated in many experiments. The changes of the secondary structures of PS Ⅱ induced by the depletion of Ca 2+ were reported. The results indicated that the removal of Ca 2+ led to the transition of α helix to turns and sheet structures. While Ca 2+ was re_added to the media, only the structures changed to turns could be recovered. The protein conformational changes of PS Ⅱ during the donor side photoinhibition induced by the depletion of Ca 2+ were also studied. This showed that the protein conformational changes differed between the control and Ca 2+ _depleted samples in a short period of illumination (within 10 min). However, the changes became similar when the illumination time was increased.     

幺半群环的弱p.p.性质

设R是环,G是幺半群.证明:(1)如果R是abelian环,G是u.p.-幺半群,则幺半群环R[G]是弱p.p.-环当且仅当R是弱p.p.-环;(2)如果G是非周期的幺半群,R是G-Armendariz环,则幺半群环R[G]是弱p.p.-环当且仅当R是弱p.p.-环.     

北京市夏季大气气溶胶 PM2.5和 PM10成分特征?

对北京市城区2012年夏季大气对气溶胶进行每日PM2.5和PM10石英膜采样,得到了可溶性离子质量浓度和16种元素的质量浓度,并结合气象观测值进行了分析.结果显示,采样期间,PM2.5质量浓度为9.58~210.42μg·m-3,平均值102.81μg·m-3;PM10质量浓度为33.75~288.33μg·m-3,平均值159.66μg·m-3.PM2.5和PM10质量浓度都与采样点能见度、风速呈负相关,与相对湿度呈正相关.质子荧光分析(PIXE)结果显示,S、K、Ca和Fe在PIXE可分析元素中含量较高,在PM2.5和PM10都占89%.且元素Ca、Ti、Sc、Cr、Fe主要存在于粗粒子(PM2.5~10)中,而元素S、Cu、Zn、As、Br、Pb主要存在于细粒子(PM2.5)中.富集因子分析表明,元素K、Ca、Ti、V、Mn、Ni主要为地壳来源,元素S、Cl、Cu、Zn、As、Br、Pb主要来自于人为源.SO2-4、NO-3、NH+43种可溶性离子总质量浓度占PM2.5浓度的43.5%,占PM10浓度的25.4%.     

Reflection behaviors of negative permeability metamaterials in X-band

We experimentally investigate the reflection behaviors of negative permeability metamaterials (NPMs) consisting of a periodic array of copper hexagonal split ring resonators (SRRs). Results show that, for the two-dimensional (2-D) NPMs samples, a reflectivity peak with the height of 10 dB appears near the resonance frequency, and the reflectivity is remarkably weak on both sides of the transmission gap; the reflection behaviors of 3-D samples similar to that of the 2-D ones are strongly affected by the lattice constants; the reflection phase increases with the frequency, and an inflexion exists at the resonance frequency of 2-D samples.     

Hantszch A.反应在组胺测定中的应用研究

基于组胺与1,3-环己二酮-甲醛发生Hantszch A.反应建立了测定组胺的方法.在优化的实验条件下,组胺浓度在6.00×10-5～1.50×10-3 mol/L范围内与体系的相对荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为△F=3.03c+27.6,相关系数r=0.999 4.对3.00×10-4 mol/L的组胺平行测定11次,相对标准偏差为1.8%,检测限(3σ)为2×10-5 mol/L.方法的回收率为92.3%～98.7%,将其应用于合成样品的测定,结果比较满意.     

HCl在氯化镉水溶液中的热力学性质

在HCl—CdCl2—H2O体系中,恒定溶总离子强度为I=0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.5mol·kg-1,Cd Cl2在溶液中的离子强度分数恒定为yB=0.00、0.10、0.20、0.30、0.50和0.70条件下,应用经典的电动势方法测定无液体接界电池在278.15～318.15K温度范围内的电动势:Pt,H2(101.325kPa)|HCl(mA),CdCl2(mB),H2O|AgCl-AgAgCl—Ag电极的标准电极电势应用Bates方法测定,根据测得上述电池的电动势数据,计算了混合溶液中HCl的活度系数γA.在溶液中总离子强度保持恒定时,混合溶液中HCl的活度系数服从Harned规则,以HCl的活度系数logγA对热力学温度T作图是一条直线,拟合偏差均在10-3～10-4数量级,进一步讨论了混合溶液中HCl的相对偏摩尔焓..     

New structure model of oxygen-evolving center and mechanism for oxygen evolution in photosynthesis

So far, many important questions and problems concerning the structure and mechanism of photosynthetic oxygen evolution are still unsolved. On the basis of recent achievements in this field, a new structure model is proposed whereby two H2O molecules bind asymmetrically to two manganese ions (Mn1Ⅱ and Mn4Ⅲ) at the open end of "C" shaped cluster and keep rather large distance. Two histidine residues coordinate to the other two manganese ions in higher oxidation state (Mn2Ⅳ and Mn3Ⅳ ) through their nitrogen atoms of the imidazole. Cl bound as terminal ligand to Mn4Ⅲl is connected to Ca, and the latter is needed to maintain the special configuration of two Mn2O2 units by bridged-oxo and bridged-carboxylate ligands. The whole structure of oxygen evolution center is asymmetry. A new mechanism for oxygen evolution invokes predictions of asymmetric oxidation of two H2O molecules, dynamic structural changes of oxygen e-volving center and indirect proton transport, etc. Only in S2 state, could Mn1Ⅳ = O. intermediate with high oxidation potential be formed. The S2→S3 process occurs with significant structural changes, as well as intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen transfer. The S3 state corresponds to intermediate of Mn1Ⅳ-O… H… O-Mn4Ⅳ . During S3→ [S4] →S0, the O-O bond is formed only in S4 state. The change of nucleophilic interaction between Cl and manganese ions different oxidation states has consequence for the significant structural changes in H2O oxidation process.     

ces_p(E_1,E_2,…,E_l)的几种凸性

本文证明了ces_p（E_1,E_2,…E_1）是B.凸,J.凸,P.凸的充要条件是 E_1,E_2,…E_1分别都是B.凸,J.凸,P.凸的。