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1.
《矿物冶金与材料学报》2021,28(12):2001-2007
Graphene oxide (GO) wrapped Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by coating the Fe3O4 NPs with a SiO2 layer, and then modifying by amino groups, which interact with the GO nanosheets to form covalent bonding. The SiO2 coating layer plays a key role in integrating the magnetic nanoparticles with the GO nanosheets. The effect of the amount of SiO2 on the morphology, structure, adsorption, and regenerability of the composites was studied in detail. An appropriate SiO2 layer can effectively induce the GO nanosheets to completely wrap the Fe3O4 NPs, forming a core-shell Fe3O4@SiO2@GO composite where Fe3O4@SiO2 NPs are firmly encapsulated by GO nanosheets. The optimized Fe3O4@SiO2@GO sample exhibits a high saturated adsorption capacity of 253 mg·g?1 Pb(II) cations from wastewater, and the adsorption process is well fitted by Langmuir adsorption model. Notably, the composite displays excellent regeneration, maintaining a ~90% adsorption capacity for five cycles, while other samples decrease their adsorption capacity rapidly. This work provides a theoretical guidance to improve the regeneration of the GO-based adsorbents. 相似文献
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《矿物冶金与材料学报》2021,28(12):1908-1916
The effect of CaCO3, Na2CO3, and CaF2 on the reduction roasting and magnetic separation of high-phosphorus iron ore containing phosphorus in the form of Fe3PO7 and apatite was investigated. The results revealed that Na2CO3 had the most significant effect on iron recovery and dephosphorization, followed by CaCO3, the effect of CaF2 was negligible. The mechanisms of CaCO3, Na2CO3, and CaF2 were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM–EDS). Without additives, Fe3PO7 was reduced to elemental phosphorus and formed an iron–phosphorus alloy with metallic iron. The addition of CaCO3 reacted with Fe3PO7 to generate an enormous amount of Ca3(PO4)2 and promoted the reduction of iron oxides. However, the growth of iron particles was inhibited. With the addition of Na2CO3, the phosphorus in Fe3PO7 migrated to nepheline and Na2CO3 improved the reduction of iron oxides and growth of iron particles. Therefore, the recovery of iron and the separation of iron and phosphorus were the best. In contrast, CaF2 reacted with Fe3PO7 to form fine Ca3(PO4)2 particles scattered around the iron particles, making the separation of iron and phosphorus difficult. 相似文献
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《矿物冶金与材料学报》2020,27(4):472-482
Carbonated decomposition of hydrogarnet is one of the vital reactions of the calcification–carbonation method, which is designed to dispose of low-grade bauxite and Bayer red mud and is a novel eco-friendly method. In this study, the effect of the silica saturation coefficient (x) on the carbonation of hydrogarnet was investigated from the kinetic perspective. The results indicated that the carbonation of hydrogarnets with different x values (x = 0.27, 0.36, 0.70, and 0.73) underwent two stages with significantly different rates, and the kinetic mechanisms of the two stages can be described by the kinetic functions R3 and D3. The apparent activation energies at Stages 1 and 2 were 41.96–81.64 and 14.80–34.84 kJ/mol, respectively. Moreover, the corresponding limiting steps of the two stages were interfacial chemical reaction and diffusion. 相似文献
5.
《矿物冶金与材料学报》2020,27(10):1347-1352
A new method of high-gravity combustion synthesis (HGCS) followed by post-treatment (PT) is reported for preparing high-performance high-entropy alloys (HEAs), Cr0.9FeNi2.5V0.2Al0.5 alloy, whereby cheap thermite powder is used as the raw material. In this process, the HEA melt and the ceramic melt are rapidly formed by a strong exothermic combustion synthesis reaction and completely separated under a high-gravity field. Then, the master alloy is obtained after cooling. Subsequently, the master alloy is sequentially subjected to conventional vacuum arc melting (VAM), homogenization treatment, cold rolling, and annealing treatment to realize a tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of 1250 MPa, 1075 MPa, and 2.9%, respectively. The present method is increasingly attractive due to its low cost of raw materials and the intermediate product obtained without high-temperature heating. Based on the calculation of phase separation kinetics in the high-temperature melt, it is expected that the final alloys with high performance can be prepared directly across master alloys with higher high-gravity coefficients. 相似文献
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《矿物冶金与材料学报》2020,27(7):980-986
We report the picosecond laser ablation of aluminum targets immersed in a polar organic liquid (chloroform, CHCl3) with ~2 ps laser pulses at an input energy of ~350 μJ. The synthesized aluminum nanoparticles exhibited a surface plasmon resonance peak at ~340 nm. Scanning electron microscopy images of Al nanoparticles demonstrated the spherical morphology with an average size of (27 ± 3.6) nm. The formation of smaller spherical Al nanoparticles and the diminished growth could be from the formation of electric double layers on the Al nanoparticles. In addition to spherical aluminum nanoparticles, triangular/pentagonal/hexagonal nanoparticles were also observed in the colloidal solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images of ablated Al targets demonstrated laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs), which were the high spatial frequency LIPSSs (HSF-LIPSSs) since their grating period was ~280 nm. Additionally, coarse structures with a period of ~700 nm were observed. 相似文献
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Computational simulations and high-temperature measurements of velocities near the surface of a mold were carried out by using the rod deflection method to study the effects of various operating parameters on the flow field in slab continuous casting (CC) molds with narrow widths for the production of automobile exposed panels. Reasonable agreement between the calculated results and measured subsurface velocities of liquid steel was obtained under different operating parameters of the CC process. The simulation results reveal that the flow field in the horizontal plane located 50 mm from the meniscus can be used as the characteristic flow field to optimize the flow field of molten steel in the mold. Increases in casting speed can increase the subsurface velocity of molten steel and shift the position of the vortex core downward in the downward circulation zone. The flow field of liquid steel in a 1040 mm-wide slab CC mold can be improved by an Ar gas flow rate of 7 L·min?1 and casting speed of 1.7 m·min?1. Under the present experimental conditions, the double-roll flow pattern is generally stable at a submerged entry nozzle immersion depth of 170 mm. 相似文献
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Electroslag remelting (ESR) gives a combination of liquid metal refining and solidification structure control. One of the typical aspects of liquid metal refining during ESR for the advanced steel and alloy production is desulfurization. It involves two patterns, i.e., slag–metal reaction and gas–slag reaction (gasifying desulfurization). In this paper, the advances in desulfurization practices of ESR are reviewed. The effects of processing parameters, including the initial sulfur level of consumable electrode, remelting atmosphere, deoxidation schemes of ESR, slag composition, melting rate, and electrical parameters on the desulfurization in ESR are assessed. The interrelation between desulfurization and sulfide inclusion evolution during ESR is discussed, and advancements in the production of sulfur-bearing steel at a high-sulfur level during ESR are described. The remaining challenges for future work are also proposed. 相似文献
9.
Mineral transition and formation mechanism of calcium aluminate compounds in CaO?Al2O3?Na2O system during high-temperature sintering
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《矿物冶金与材料学报》2020,27(7):924-932
The mineral transition and formation mechanism of calcium aluminate compounds in CaO?Al2O3?Na2O system during the high-temperature sintering process were systematically investigated using DSC?TG, XRD, SEM?EDS, FTIR, and Raman spectra, and the crystal structure of Na4Ca3(AlO2)10 was also simulated by Material Studio software. The results indicated that the minerals formed during the sintering process included Na4Ca3(AlO2)10, CaO·Al2O3, and 12CaO·7Al2O3, and the content of Na4Ca3(AlO2)10 could reach 92wt% when sintered at 1200°C for 30 min. The main formation stage of Na4Ca3(AlO2)10 occurred at temperatures from 970 to 1100°C, and the content could reach 82wt% when the reaction temperature increased to 1100°C. The crystal system of Na4Ca3(AlO2)10 was tetragonal, and the cells preferred to grow along crystal planes (110) and (210). The formation of Na4Ca3(AlO2)10 was an exothermic reaction that followed a secondary reaction model, and its activation energy was 223.97 kJ/mol. 相似文献
10.
《矿物冶金与材料学报》2020,27(7):900-909
Ore particles, especially fine interlayers, commonly segregate in heap stacking, leading to undesirable flow paths and changeable flow velocity fields of packed beds. Computed tomography (CT), COMSOL Multiphysics, and MATLAB were utilized to quantify pore structures and visualize flow behavior inside packed beds with segregated fine interlayers. The formation of fine interlayers was accompanied with the segregation of particles in packed beds. Fine particles reached the upper position of the packed beds during stacking. CT revealed that the average porosity of fine interlayers (24.21%) was significantly lower than that of the heap packed by coarse ores (37.42%), which directly affected the formation of flow paths. Specifically, the potential flow paths in the internal regions of fine interlayers were undeveloped. Fluid flowed and bypassed the fine interlayers and along the sides of the packed beds. Flow velocity also indicated that the flow paths easily gathered in the pore throat where flow velocity (1.8 × 10?5 m/s) suddenly increased. Fluid stagnant regions with a flow velocity lower than 0.2 × 10?5 m/s appeared in flow paths with a large diameter. 相似文献
11.
浙江温州、镇海和福建九龙江沉积微型硅藻的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用透射电镜研究了温州早、中全新世剖面,九龙江地区晚全新世中期剖面和镇海晚全新世剖面的微型硅藻(细胞大小为2~20μm)的组成和丰度.共计硅藻14属20种(包括变种).Cyclotellacaspia是九龙江地区晚全新世中期剖面中的优势种;温州中全新世剖面的优势种为Cyclotellastriata;温州早全新世剖面和镇海晚全新世剖面中Thalassionemanitzschioides是优势种.微型硅藻在几个剖面中所占的比例变化较大,以在九龙江地区晚全新世中期剖面所占的比例最高,可达77.4%,表明微型硅藻在沉积硅藻中占有重要的地位. 相似文献
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魔芋在不同土壤环境条件的含硒量 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过分析从湖北恩施采集的野外魔芋样品和2种土壤加硒盆栽实验的魔芋样品的含硒量,研究魔芋在不同土壤环境中的含硒量、富硒特征及其影响因素.结果表明,随采样点不同,野外魔芋样品的含硒量不同,魔芋球茎和茎叶的最高含硒量为5.58和13.04μg g-1,并与土壤含硒量呈极显著的线性相关,茎叶含硒量高于球茎.盆栽实验条件下,魔芋含硒量与土壤施硒量呈极显著的线性相关,魔芋球茎和茎叶最高含硒量在潮土中为55.6和76.8μg g-1,在红壤中为14.5和21.4μg g-1,茎叶的含硒量显著高于球茎,潮土魔芋的含硒显著高于红壤.魔芋对土壤硒的生物富集系数均表现为茎叶高于球茎,潮土魔芋的生物富集系数高于红壤,土壤施硒的富集系数高于天然含硒土.总之,魔芋能吸收利用天然富硒土和施人到土壤中的硒,土壤类型和土壤硒水平是影响魔芋含硒的关键因素,土壤施硒的有效性高于天然含硒土,潮土施硒的有效性高于红壤. 相似文献
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以气温为边界条件的水库冰盖厚度的数值模拟研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对寒区水库冰盖厚度增长的数值模拟问题,依据黑龙江省红旗泡水库2008年、2009年2个冬季现场观测的气温、冰温等实测数据,应用最小二乘法进行参数辨识,改进前人关于冰面温度与气温关系的表达形式,确定了黑龙江省大庆地区水库冰盖冰面温度依赖于大气温度的线性变化关系.分析了前人对寒区水库冰盖热力模式及冰厚增长数值模拟研究的方法,对其一维热力学模型和单相Steften问题所采用的数值解法进行了改进,用已给出的转换关系将大气温度转换后的冰面温度作为边界条件,对黑龙江省红旗泡水库2008、2009年2个冬季冰盖厚度的增长情况进行了数值模拟,数值模拟结果与现场实测数据吻合良好. 相似文献
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不同生育期菊花叶片生理指标的比较研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对田间栽培的秋菊早花品种“唐宇金秋”和晚花品种“祥云”不同生育期叶片中可溶性糖含量、SOD活性、相对电导率等生理生化指标变化进行了测定.结果表明:“祥云”与“唐宇金秋”可溶性糖含量的变化趋势基本一致,“祥云”糖含量高于“唐字金秋”,但“唐宇金秋”淀粉含量在各个时期均高于“祥云”;从绿蕾期到末花期“祥云”的SOD活性始终高于“唐宇金秋”,中花期“祥云”叶片中SOD活性较“唐宇金秋”高24.1%;两个品种脯氨酸含量呈上升趋势,“祥云”明显高于“唐宇金秋”,如末花期“祥云”较“唐宇金秋”高175.9%.整个测定时期“祥云”和“唐宇金秋”叶片的相对电导率均呈上升状态,各个时期“祥云”高于“唐宇金秋”.晚花品种“祥云”在开花过程中叶片具有较高的SOD活性与脯氨酸含量,可能是其花期较晚且具有较强抗性的主要原因. 相似文献
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高校科研管理是高校管理工作的重要组成部分。高校教师参与科研管理政策制定有利于减少科研越轨,增进民主决策。目前高校教师参与科研管理政策制定存在一定的不利因素,主要表现为教师处于相对弱势地位,教师民主参与意识淡薄,以及缺乏参与决策的制度保障。因此,高校要重视教师的决策参与,建立和完善决策参与机制,高校教师本身也要提高民主参与意识。 相似文献
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我国南北烟区烤烟产量和营养特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
试验连续3年在我国南北烟区7省10县,选择代表性植烟土壤,采用规范化栽培技术,研究了烤烟生长、氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、硫、氯的营养特性.结果表明,烟株生长和养分吸收速率前期缓慢,中期最快,后期降低.北方烟株后期的生长、氮、磷、钾吸收速率显著高于南方.养分吸收速率的变异系数氮≈钾磷,中微量元素表现出多样性.在烟株各器官中,营养元素的分配比例叶茎≥根.叶片养分含量南北差异最大,根系次之,茎南北相似,说明前者易受环境条件的影响,但后者比较稳定,对外界环境不敏感.从总体上看,养分吸收速率、分配比例及叶片含量因养分种类和南北地域不同而异,估计与土壤气候等生态环境有关,这可能是我国烤烟质量风各异的原因之一.值得注意的是,北方烤烟含氯量高而稳定,含氮量北方高于南方,可能导致北方烟叶蛋白质和烟碱含量增加. 相似文献
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当今,民主问题已经成为世界政治问题的热点,然而,现实政治生活中一部分人却陷入了"民主误区",产生了"民主迷信".主要论述处于社会主义初级阶段的我国,在现实政治生活中产生的"民主误区",并对如何走出"误区",破除"迷信",树立科学的政治观进行探讨. 相似文献
18.
通过对安徽省部分城市敬老院调查,研究城市敬老院体育发展状况,并提出对策.运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法研究安徽省城市敬老院体育发展状况.结果表明安徽省城市敬老院老人参加体育活动动机多样,但以增进健康、抵抗疾病、改善情绪和消磨时间为主.安徽省城市敬老院老人参加文体活动形式多元化,但老年女性参加体育活动的比例高于老年男性.不知道如何锻炼和没有合适的场地和设施是阻碍安徽省敬老院老人参加体育活动的主要原因.因此应加强健康教育,提高敬老院老人体育锻炼健身意识,增加敬老院社会体育指导员数量,加大敬老院体育活动场地和适合老年人健身活动的器材设施. 相似文献
19.
本文推测了中国未来英语教学的状况。文章简要介绍了中国目前使用的英语教学法;在未来的十年中,英语的教和学可能产生的变化;探讨了学生可能产生的变化及他们学习英语原因的变化;英语语言及网络的发展可能对中国的英语教育产生的影响;以及英语教师们如何看待未来他们的工作。 相似文献
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通过对白俄罗斯别列金自然保护区与中国东北长白山地区典型泥炭沼泽的考察研究,从泥炭沼泽形成环境和泥炭层特征方面,详细地分析了道莫日里契科,萨弗斯克-莫赫和金川,哈尼四处泥炭沼泽的地形形态,植被类型以及泥炭剖面结构,泥炭类型等的异同性,提出泥炭沼泽形成实质是自然界中物质能量转化过程中的必然产物,也是生物循环与地质循环过程中生物化学作用的结果。 相似文献