A new cheirolepidiaceous conifer from the Early Jurassic of the Junggar Basin, northern Xinjiang and its paleoclimatic implications

Mesozoic sediments are extensively developed in the vast area of Xinjiang and Jurassic strata are well exposed in the Junggar Basin. The Haojiagou geological section near Urumqi in the south of the basin is a typical section for the Lower Jurassic Badaowan and Sangonghe formations. The cheirolepidiaceous conifer Brachyphyllum (Hirmeriella?) sp., which exhibits strongly xeromorphic characters, was discovered in the Sangonghe Formation and is associated with a high relative abundance (up to 75%) of dispersed Classopollis pollen. The occurrence of cheirolepidiaceous foliage and Classopollis pollen in the Sangonghe Formation indicates that a warm and dry climate prevailed in the Junggar Basin during the Early Jurassic (Early Toarcian), supporting the hypothesis for a warming event at that time.     

A new cheirolepidiaceous conifer from the Early Jurassic of the Junggar Basin, northern Xinjiang and its paleoclimatic implications

Mesozoic sediments are extensively developed in the vast area of Xinjiang and Jurassic strata are well exposed in the Junggar Basin. The Haojiagou geological section near Urumqi in the south of the basin is a typical section for the Lower Jurassic Badaowan and Sangonghe formations. The cheirolepidiaceous conifer Brachyphyllum (Hirmeriella?) sp., which exhibits strongly xeromorphic characters, was discovered in the Sangonghe Formation and is associated with a high relative abundance (up to 75%) of dispersed Classopollis pollen. The occurrence of cheirolepidiaceous foliage and Classopollis pollen in the Sangonghe Formation indicates that a warm and dry climate prevailed in the Junggar Basin during the Early Jurassic (Early Toarcian), supporting the hypothesis for a warming event at that time.     

Partial anhysteretic remanent magnetization (pARM) of synthetic single-and multidomain magnetites and its paleoenvironmental significance

Mineral magnetism is an inexpensive, efficient and non-destructive tool to decode paleoclimatic signals re- corded in natural sediments. However, this approach has often been hampered by its inherent complexities because the bulk magnetic signals could be contributed from a magnetic assemblage including both ferromagnetic (FM) (e.g., magnetite and/or maghemite) and antiferromagnetic minerals (AFM) (e.g., hematite and/or goethite) covering a wide range of grain size distribution. Therefore, t…     

Partial anhysteretic remanent magnetization （pARM） synthetic single- and multi-domain magnetites and its paleoenvironmental significance

In order to isolate magnetic signals carried by single-domain （SD） ferrimagnetic （FM） minerals from multi-domain （MD） FM minerals, we developed a few parameters using partial anhysteretic remanent magnetization （pARM）. Because MD fraction contains only soft （easy to be demagnetized） coercivity spectrum, pARM（〉20 mT） was sensitive in eliminating MD contributions. Ratio of pARM（5 mT, 10 mT）/pARM（0, 5 mT） is useful in quantifying a relative abundance of mass ratio between SD and MD fractions. These new proxies can quickly characterize the details of grain size distribution of magnetic minerals in paleoclimatic and paleomagnetic studies.     

Taxonomy, age and environment status of the Yuanmou hominoids

When, where and from which hominoid the human originated has been one of the key subjects in the study of human natural history. It is therefore very important to learn the chronological, geographical and taxonomic distribution of all hominoids. Yunnan Pr…     

Mineral magnetic properties of surface sediments at Bei’anhe, Beijing, and its environmental significance

A multiparameter investigation of surface sediments from the Bei＇anhe section （Beijing） has been conducted using environmental magnetic approaches. The studied sedimentary sequence consists of pluvial and lacustrine silts and clay of the Holocene age. Magnetite, hematite and pyrrhotite were identiffed as the dominant magnetic minerals. The mineral magnetic characteristics are considered to reflect the Holocene paleoenvironmental processes of the studied area, which are different from the mineral magnetic properties of typical polluted sections reported in the Beijing area. The low-field magnetic susceptibility and saturated isothermal remanence magnetization of the section decrease gradually with increasing depth. This indicates that the concentration of magnetic minerals in the strata decreases down the section. Values of interparametric ratios, such as ARM/SIRM, XARM/Xand SIRM/X, gradually increase with increasing depth, which indicates a down-section decreasing trend in the magnetic grain size of the sediments. Pyrrhotite occurs below the depth of 22 cm, suggesting the existence of redox interface. The magnetic variations of the Bei＇anhe surface sediments might be controlled by two geological processes： reductive diagenesis and pedogenesis. Our findings may have provided a reference point for magnetic investigation of polluted surface sediments in the Beijing area.     

兰州地区晚新生代沉积的岩石磁学记录及其古环境意义

位于黄土高原和西北干旱区过渡带的兰州地区,在晚新生代发育了一套风成红黏土和冲积—河湖相沉积.这套地层详细的岩石磁学研究结果表明,磁化率等一些磁学参数在细节上可能反映成壤作用强弱,但在大的趋势上大致反映干旱化,在长尺度研究中可作为干旱化的指标.S-300mT等另一些磁学参数主要反映赤铁矿质量分数,与红度值明显相关,因此同红度一样可作为温度的指标.底部冲积一河湖相沉积中黏土的主要载磁矿物是磁铁矿和赤铁矿;中下部红黏土沉积的主要载磁矿物是磁赤铁矿和赤铁矿,可能含针铁矿;中上部红黏土主要的载磁矿物是磁赤铁矿、磁铁矿和赤铁矿,可能含针铁矿.利用岩石磁学恢复的古环境表明,兰州地区在8.35～7.2 Ma是一个较为温暖的以冲洪积和河湖相为主的沉积环境;7.2～3.5 Ma主要为干陆地环境,同主体黄土高原一样接受粉尘沉积;6.3 Ma风尘沉积在沉积物中开始占主导地位;5.2 Ma兰州及其周边地区发生了急剧干旱化,可能伴随着快速降温;3.5 Ma开始的青藏高原运动A幕使兰州盆地瓦解,并于1.4 Ma开始接受黄土沉积,成为了黄土高原的西缘部分.     

川西北汉旺地区卡尼期鲕粒灰岩特征及地质意义

探讨川西北地区晚三叠世卡尼期马鞍塘组下部的鲕粒灰岩的沉积相及沉积时的古气候、古盐度。在前人研究成果基础上,对绵竹县汉旺观音崖剖面开展野外调查和室内薄片鉴定及碳氧同位素测试,结果表明共发育3套鲕粒灰岩,主要沉积于碳酸盐缓坡,由下到上鲕粒以复鲕、同心鲕、放射同心鲕、脑状鲕呈现,展示鲕粒沉积时海水能量降低、水体逐渐加深的趋势;上部灰岩中脑状鲕与同心鲕共存且同心鲕具双峰态粒度分布,显示鲕粒沉积时受到风暴作用影响。碳、氧同位素测试显示,鲕粒灰岩沉积时的古温度大体在24～35℃,Z 值在127～131,表明在卡尼期早期,川西北地区以蒸发量较高的低纬度地区干热气候为主。     

Magnetostratigraphy of Late Tertiary sediments from the Chinese Loess Plateau and its paleoclimatic significance

The Late Tertiary red clay/bed sediments underlying the Quaternary loess-paleosol in the Chinese Loess Plateau possesses high-resolution paleoclimatic changes related to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. Magnetostratigra-phy and susceptibility measurements are discussed in this paper. The paleomagnetic results show that the red clay/bed began to accumulate at about 8.1 Ma, which represents the oldest Late Tertiary deposit continuously in the central Loess Plateau. The magnetic susceptibility curves show stepwise increases since the initiation of red clay, superimposed on several peaks. Moreover, the magnetic susceptibility increased abruptly since 3.8 Ma, which probably indicates the inception of the modern East Asia monsoon system. Between 3.8 and 2.6 Ma, the stepwise increases of susceptibility may imply progressively intensified East Asia summer monsoon activity related with the stepwise uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau.     

天水盆地古近纪地层年代及其意义

天水盆地位于青藏高原东北缘六盘山与西秦岭二重要构造带交汇处,该盆地充填的新生代沉积序列记录着该区构造变形历史,因此研究该盆地沉积记录对探讨青藏高原东北缘新生代构造活动事件具有重要意义.通过对天水盆地古近纪砾石层砂质透镜体中碎屑颗粒磷灰石裂变径迹热年代学研究,获得样品地层的最大沉积年龄为24.8士1.5 Ma.结合前人的工作,厘定该套古近纪地层最顶部地层年龄为22～24.8 Ma,并确定天水盆地古近纪沉积物源区在24.8 Ma左右发生了构造冷却事件,推断印度板块与欧亚大陆碰撞的远程效应在古近纪末-新近纪初已传递到青藏高原的最东北缘.     

A new Euprox from the Late Miocene of Yuanmou,Yunnan Province,China,with interpretation of its paleoenvironment

The Yuanmou Basin of Yunnan Province is a hotspot for the research of early homind evolution and its environmental background.During the implementation of the Program“Research of the Origin and Evolution of Early Man and Its Environmental Baqckground” from 1998 to 2001,a huge quantity of hominoid and mammal fossils were collected.The present report systematically describes an Euprox robustus sp.nov.identified during the recent laboratory work on the collected material.Euprox is a group of earliest cervids with true antlers.The new species is the third one of the genus discovered in China.Judged by its morphologic characteristics,the new species feed on juicy and tender leaves of dicotyledon.It implies that the vegetation of its epoch in the Yuanmou Basin is a kind of southern subtropical evergreen forest and the climate is humid and temperate with evident seasonality.The latter is mostly influenced by the monsoon and secondly by the latitude.     

鄂尔多斯盆地南缘晚古生代沉积物源及其对秦岭造山带北部演化的指示

鄂尔多斯盆地南缘位于华北克拉通盆地的西南部,其形成演化和沉积过程与华北克拉通南侧秦岭造山带的活动有紧密的联系.晚古生代沉积的物源特征能够帮助提取关于秦岭造山带的演化信息.基于对鄂尔多斯盆地南缘澄城和韩城2条出露本溪组－石千峰组的剖面岩石学特征的详细研究,从岩石性质、碎屑特征、重矿物组合和碎屑组分的Dickinson三角图解等方面进行分析讨论,获得了鄂尔多斯盆地南缘晚古生代物源的详细信息,并揭示了秦岭造山带北部晚古生代的演化过程.研究表明,本溪组－太原组的物源为秦岭造山带中的华北板块南缘带;山西组－石千峰组的物源来自于北秦岭构造带,物源区有向南迁移的特征.晚泥盆－晚石炭世商丹带的点接触初始碰撞造成华北板块南缘发生抬升,早二叠世秦岭造山带进入面接触碰撞阶段,造成北秦岭弧后盆地和岛弧带依次发生隆升,成为鄂尔多斯南缘沉积区的主要物源供给区.扬子板块与华北板块自东向西剪刀状的碰撞,造成鄂尔多斯南缘沉积的山西组－下石盒子组的古流向由南东－北西方向朝南西－北东方向的转变.     

四川盆地地表剥蚀量恢复及其意义

磷灰石裂变径迹(AFT)热隆升史模拟能够定量恢复盆地四维动态热隆升剥蚀过程.根据四川盆地93件磷灰石裂变径迹样品定量热史模拟表明,晚白垩世以来盆地发生了广泛的阶段式抬升剥蚀作用,即晚白垩世(～65 Ma前)快速隆升剥蚀、古近纪(65～23 Ma前左右)缓慢隆升剥蚀、新近纪(23 Ma前至今)快速隆升剥蚀.晚白垩世至今盆地范围内隆升剥蚀总厚度普遍大于2.5 km,新近纪快速隆升剥蚀幅度普遍大于1 km.进一步结合31组镜质体反射率反演校正剥蚀量数据,编绘阶段性(晚白垩世以来和新近纪)四川盆地地表剥蚀量等厚图,综合表明晚白垩世以来四川盆地隆升剥蚀量等值线展布格局发生根本变化,即早期主要以NE向展布格局为主(具近NE向和E-W向特征),新近纪则主要以近E-W向展布格局、盆地南北分异(北部地区隆升剥蚀量普遍小于2 km,南部地区普遍大于2 km)为主.四川盆地大中型油气田空间分布与晚中生代-新生代低剥蚀量具有密切联系.     

Rock magnetism and magnetic anisotropy in folded sills and basaltic flows: A case study of volcanics from the Taimyr Peninsula,Northern Russia

Magnetic measurements were performed on apparently deformed igneous rocks of 23 sites from the southeastern part of the Taimyr Peninsula. Rock magnetism and reflected light microscopy analyses reveal that fine-grained titsnomagnetites up to pure magnetites mainly carry the majority of magnetic fabrics in the sills, and that the slightly coarser Ti-poor or -medium titsnomagnetites carry most mag-netic fabrics in the basaltic flows. Magnetic anisotropies were determined by applying anisotropy of low-field magnetic susceptibility （AMS） on 180 unheated samples and 128 samples that had been pre-viously heated to 600℃ during a paleomagnetic study to detect heating effects on the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility （AMS） properties of volcanic rocks. Laboratory heating significantly affects anisotropy variations of these igneous rocks corresponding to the mineralogical changes during the heat treatment.     

四川盆地雷口坡组膏盐岩成因及其油气地质意义

探讨四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组膏盐岩的形成与分布及其对成烃和成储的影响。在岩心、薄片、测井和钻井等资料分析的基础上,对雷口坡组膏盐岩的岩石学特征、岩性组合特征和测井特征等开展研究发现,雷口坡组膏盐岩层系发育云岩+膏盐岩、膏岩+云岩、灰岩+膏盐岩、膏盐岩+灰岩4种组合类型,以及潮上塞卜哈、潮上小型蒸发盐盆、潟湖和蒸发盐盆4种成因模式。雷一段-雷二段面状展布的膏盐岩以塞卜哈成因为主,龙岗地区雷一段发育环带状展布的小型蒸发盐盆;雷三段发育以川中为中心、呈水滴式展布的潟湖成因膏盐岩;雷四段在川西南-川西地区发育牛眼式展布的蒸发盐盆成因膏盐岩。川西地区雷四段膏盐岩层系中发育有品质较好的烃源岩和以膏溶孔、洞为主要储集空间的岩溶储层,具备优越的油气地质条件,是下一步勘探的有利目标。     

第四纪湖相介形类组合的古气候与古环境意义:以洞庭盆地介形类现生种为例

本文在分析国内外第四纪湖相介形类组合古气候与古环境意义研究现状基础上,初步研究了洞庭湖湘阴近岸介形类现生种分布与生态特征.国外在第四纪湖相介形类古气候与古环境研究方面做了大量工作,取得了丰富成果.而国内该方面工作仅主要集中青藏高原及其邻区,其它地区鲜见.国外在详细介形类现生种生态调查基础上,建立基于其的环境参数转换函数,并在第四纪古气候与古环境定量重建中发挥了重要作用.然而我国现生种生态调查依然薄弱,主要表现在1)仅主要集中青藏高原等少数地区,其它地区还很少;2)生境数据绝大多为定性或半定量,很少定量;3)很少按季节采样.洞庭湖湘阴近岸包含3个属种,分别为未定种、Metacypris bellareticulata及Darwinula sp.,它们的生态要求为电导率240μs/cm,溶氧量10.45 mg/L,p H值8.1,水深0.5-1 m,水温10℃.     

三水盆地SB01孔的有机质类型及其古气候指示意义

 采用有机岩石学和全岩热解分析方法,对三水盆地SB 01孔的有机质类型进行了研究。根据有机质类型及分布特征,结合岩性变化和已有的其它古气候证据,分析了岩芯沉积时期的古气候演变过程。有机岩石学分析显示,SB 01孔岩芯沉积物中的有机质类型以II型（包括II1和II2型）为主,少量为I型,偶见III型。热解分析结果表明有机质的热演化程度较低,有机碳在热演化过程中损失不大。I、II1和II2型有机质类型分别指示干旱、干燥和温湿的气候条件。莘庄组艮坑段顶部以II1型有机质类型为主,表明其沉积时期盛行较为干燥的气候条件。〖XCchen1.TIF;%89%89〗心组红岗段亚段A的有机质主要为II2型,夹有含I和II1型的层位,反映温湿气候条件占主导地位。亚段B的有机质类型为II2与II1（或I型）交替出现,反映温湿与干燥（或干旱）气候条件的快速波动变化。亚段C下部主要为II1和I型有机质,中上部以II2型有机质类型为主,指示其气候由前期的干燥（或干旱）条件转为以温湿条件为主。     

Marine dinoflagellates from Lower Cretaceous Muling Formation of Jixi Basin,China and their palaeoenvironmental significance

Newly discovered marine dinoflagellates from the lower-middle parts of the Lower Cretaceous Muling Formation of the Jixi Basin, eastern Heilongjiang Province,China, were identified as Circulodinium cingulatum He et al.,C. attadalicum (Cookson et Eiscnack) Helhy, Palaeoperidinium cretaceum Pocock, Oligosphaeridium totum Brideaux and Sentusidinium sp. Most of these species are distributed in the marine Lower Cretaceous strata of Europe, North America,Africa, Australia and Asia. It demonstrates that a transgression occurred in eastern Heilongjiang Province during the deposition of the Muling Formation, which was previously considered to be a coal-bearing continental stratigraphic unit.The marine dinoflagellates indicated that the Muling Formation is Barremian in age. The Palaeogeographic framework of eastern HeUongjiang Province in Late Mesozoic era should be rebuilt through systematic facies analyses of the marine,paralic and terrestrial deposits.     

阿尔金山北麓晚新生代沉积物磁组构特征及其地质意义

阿尔金山北麓晚新生代沉积物比较敏感地记录了阿尔金山构造活动的历史.通过对若羌米兰河口剖面晚新生代沉积物沉积学和磁组构特征分析,发现中新世晚期以来该区地层沉积变化明显,岩石磁化率椭球体以压扁为主,磁面理发育,磁化率椭球体最小轴方向为NNE-SSW和NNW-SSE,推测阿尔金山晚新生代以来可能至少经历了中新世末-上新世初、晚上新世和中更新世三次重大构造活动历史.根据磁化率各向异性最小轴方向的变化,结合地层不整合关系、沉积物砾石成分和古水流方向变化以及区域研究成果,表明若羌一带地块晚上新世以来发生阶段性逆时针旋转,推断阿尔金断裂构造带的左走滑特征可能形成于晚上新世以后.