水性端丙烯酸酯基聚氨酯的合成与紫外光固化

为提高水性聚氨酯涂层的力学性能及耐水性能,制备了一系列可紫外光固化的水性端丙烯酸酯基聚氨酯。以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚乙二醇(PEG)、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEMA)为原料。采用1H-NMR(核磁共振)分析,表明仅有15%以下的异氰酸酯基参与了副反应。采用动态光散射技术分析,表明聚氨酯分散体的粒径随DMPA含量的增加而减小。测试了紫外固化涂层的玻璃化转变温度、硬度及耐水性。结果表明,固化涂层的耐水性能很好,且随聚氨酯中端丙烯酸酯基含量的增加,固化涂层的热性能和力学性能均有提高。     

基于羧基和氮丙啶基的室温固化水性聚氨酯涂料

为了提高水性聚氨酯涂层的耐水性及力学性能,基于羧基和氮丙啶基之间的化学反应,制备了室温固化的水性聚氨酯涂层.以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、聚乙二醇、乙醇酸和1-氮丙啶基乙醇为主要原料,分别合成了带有羧基的水性聚氨酯和以氮丙啶基封端的聚氨酯交联剂.采用1H NMR(氢核磁共振)对它们的结构进行了分析.测定了涂层的热性能、耐水性及力学性能.结果表明,所制得的固化涂层具有优良的耐水性及力学性能.     

改性水性聚氨酯涂层的制备及其性能分析

本文以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯（TDI）、聚乙二醇（PEG）、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）和乙醇酸（GA）为主要原料,制备了一系列具有羧基官能团的水性聚氨酯分散液（PU）,并采用红外光谱对其结构进行了分析。通过与带有氮丙啶基聚氨酯交联剂进行室温固化,得到了具有优良耐水性及力学性能的涂层材料。     

有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液的制备及性能

采用自乳化法合成了有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液.通过傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)对其结构进行了表征.分别讨论了有机硅和二羟申基丙酸(DMPA)含量对乳液粒径、黏度及其涂膜的表面疏水性、力学性能、附着力、耐冲击性等性能的影响.结果表明:当有机硅含量为10%时,有机硅改性水性聚氨酯的综合性最好;同时,降低DMPA含量可以提高涂膜的耐水性,改善其综合性能.     

水性丙烯酸酯/聚氨酯复合乳液的合成及性能研究

以二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）、双丙酮丙烯酰胺（DAAM）为功能性单体,以丙烯酸酯类为溶剂合成了水性丙烯酸酯聚氨酯(PUA)复合乳液,成功的解决了以丙酮为溶剂制备水性聚氨酯造成的VOC含量高、工艺复杂、浪费能源的问题。通过红外(FT-IR)、透射电镜(TEM)等测试手段及吸水率、耐溶剂性、硬度、凝胶含量的测定,考察了丙烯酸酯聚氨酯复合乳液（PUA）及其涂膜的结构与性能,结果表明PUA复合乳液涂膜硬度达到3H,凝胶含量可达到84.3%,且耐水性、耐溶剂性得到明显提高。     

DCPD改性UV固化水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成

以二聚戊二烯(DCPD)为原料先合成不饱和聚酯二元醇,与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)合成紫外光固化树脂,用三乙胺中和得到稳定的DCPD改性UV固化水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(WDUPUA)乳液,同时采用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对WDUPUA的结构进行表征。采用单因素变量法探讨了反应温度和反应时间、阻聚剂、n(—NCO)/n(—OH)、DMPA含量和中和剂对合成反应及乳液性能的影响。结果表明:合成过程中第1步反应温度和时间分别为60℃、2.5 h,第2步分别为75℃、4 h,第三步分别为75℃、3 h,阻聚剂用量为0.07%;当n(—NCO)/n(—OH)为1.5、DMPA质量分数为6%、中和度为100%时,为DCPD改性UV固化水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的适宜合成工艺条件。     

复合膜用PUA黏合剂的合成与性能

以丙烯酸酯单体为原料,水性聚氨酯为种子乳液和高分子乳化荆,合成了核-壳结构的聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯复合乳液.采用傅里叶红外光谱表征了反应产物的结构.研究丙烯酸酯与聚氨酯质量比、丙烯酸酯软硬单体质量比对复合乳液性能、胶膜耐水性、热稳定性及180°剥离强度的影响.结果表明:随丙烯酸酯与聚氨酯质量比和丙烯酸酯硬单体质量的增加,复合乳液黏度减小,粒径增大,胶膜耐水性和热稳定性提高.当丙烯酸酯与聚氨酯质量比为2.0,丙烯酸酯软单体与硬单体质量比为75/25时,聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯复合乳液黏合荆对双向拉伸聚丙烯/铝箔的粘接强度优于国外样品.     

紫外光固化水性聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯乳液性能的研究

选用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚酯二元醇、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEMA)等为原料,采用阴离子自乳化法制备了紫外光(UV)固化水性聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯乳液.考察了n(-NCO)/n(-OH)、DMPA及HEMA质量分数对乳液性能的影响.结果表明,n(-NCO)/n(-OH)为1.4～1.5,DMPA的质量分数为4.5%时乳液性能最好.同时,HEMA质量分数越高,乳液黏度越小.     

含刚性环结构的光固化水性有机硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的性能研究

将丙烯酸异冰片酯（IBOA）和二乙醇胺（DEA）反应,合成了一种新颖的带有刚性环结构的单体3-（N,N-二羟乙基氨基）丙酸异冰片酯（DEAIBOA）,然后将DEAIBOA引入水性有机硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分子中,合成了一系列具有不同刚性环含量的有机硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯水性低聚物（IBOA-WSPUA）。系统研究了低聚物中刚性环含量对乳液稳定性、光聚合性能及其固化膜的物理力学性能、玻璃化转变温度和附着力的影响,结果表明：所合成的5种低聚物的分子量均接近单分散,粒径分布均匀,具有良好的乳液稳定性及光聚合性能,双键的最终转化率均在85%以上;随刚性环含量的增加,低聚物固化膜的拉伸强度、玻璃化转变温度和铅笔硬度逐渐增大;低聚物固化膜的附着力得到明显改善,在聚碳酸酯（PC）、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）及玻璃基材上均达到5B。     

肼基封端聚氨酯乳液的制备及其对丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液粘合剂的改性

以聚酯二元醇、甲苯二异氰酸酯、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、水合肼等为原料,制得了自乳化的肼基封端聚氨酯稳定乳液。以苯乙烯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、丙烯酸和双丙酮丙烯酰胺为单体,通过乳液聚合制得了含酮羰基丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液。将含肼基和酮羰基的两种乳液共混,所得复合乳液用作塑 塑复合粘合剂,使其在室温下发生酮肼交联反应以提高粘接性能。考察了预聚反应时间对预聚反应程度、不同DMPA含量和R-值(预聚体中n(—NCO)/n(—OH))对聚氨酯乳液性能以及两种乳液配比对胶膜凝胶含量、吸水率及180°剥离强度的影响,并比较了含肼基聚氨酯和小分子己二酰肼对丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液的改性效果。结果表明：当预聚反应210min、DMPA质量分数4.5%、R值小于1.5时,可制得稳定的聚氨酯乳液;随着共混乳液中肼基含量的增加,乳胶膜凝胶含量增大,吸水率增加,180°剥离强度降低;含肼基的聚氨酯对丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液的改性效果优于小分子己二酰肼的改性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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