Plasma testosterone concentration in control and testosterone-treated chick embryos.

After testosterone propionate treatment (1 or 2 mg per embryo), plasma testosterone in chick embryos rises to 500 times higher than in control animals, and then progressively diminishes during the following days of incubation. These drastic changes in hormonal status after the TP treatment entails consequences that may be considered pharmacological rather than physiological.     

Effects of photoperiod, temperature and testosterone-treatment on plasma T3 and T4 levels in the Djungarian hamster, Phodopus sungorus

The effects of photoperiod, temperature and testosterone treatment on plasma T3 and T4 levels were investigated in the Djungarian hamster. Plasma T3 level was affected by temperature (25 degrees C less than 7 degrees C) but not by photoperiod. Plasma T4 level was affected by photoperiod (short day less than long day) at 25 degrees C. Administration of testosterone increased plasma T4 level under short photoperiod at 25 degrees C. Thus, higher plasma T4 level under long photoperiod at 25 degrees C might be induced by testosterone.     

Sex difference in polyethylenglycol-induced thirst

Summary The polyethylenglycol-induced thirst in male and female castrated rats has been studied. The polyethylenglycol (PG) increases the water intake more in females than in males. Estradiol benzoate and testosterone P. diminishes the amount of water drunk after PG treatment in the females, but not in the males.     

Ontogenic development of the renal ornithine decarboxylase response to testosterone

Summary In neonatal mice, renal ornithine decarboxylase was not altered by testosterone injection, in contrast to adult mice in which the enzyme was greatly elevated following treatment with testosterone.     

Effect of testosterone on the levels of nucleic acids and proteins in the uropygial gland of the male quail

A close correlation was evidenced between the length of a silastic capsule filled with testosterone propionate and the resulting plasma concentrations in testosterone in castrated male Quail. 5 days after the beginning of the treatment, testosterone induced in the spleen glands a conspicuous increase in total RNA, DNA and protein contents.     

Effects of testosterone propionate on LH and testosterone concentrations before and after the injection of gonadoliberin in young bulls pre-treated with dexamethasone]

This preliminary study has been performed on four young twin bulls, one pair aged 6 months and the other one aged 12 months. Plasma LH and testosterone were assayed from frequent blood sampling. Testosterone propionate (TP) following dexamethasone treatment did not significantly influence the LH response to gonadoliberin compared to the twin controls, although testosterone concentrations were high in those TP treated animals.     

Effect of progesterone on male and female sex behavior induced by steroid hormones in adult ovariectomized ewes]

Ovariectomized adult Ewes daily treated with I/M injections of testosterone propionate (10 mg/day) or oestradiol benzoate (200 microgram/day) show male-like sexual behaviour and simultaneously a permanent female receptivity. Additional daily treatment with 100 mg of progresterone results in a rapid decrease in male sexual responses both when Ewes are treated with testosterone and with oestradiol. No effect is observed on the female receptivity. Cyproterone acetate (100 mg/day) given to Ewes in addition to daily injection of testosterone propionate (10 mg/day) has effects similar to those of progesterone. These results show that progesterone has antiandrogen and antioestrogen properties and that this hormone administered at high doses is able to inhibit male activity.     

The effect of gonadotropic hormones and the fetal hypophysis on testosterone production by the testis of 18 day mouse fetuses in organ culture]

The production of testosterone (measured by radioimmuno-assay) by the 18-day-old mouse fetal testis may be stimulated specifically by ovine LH (1 ng, p less than 0.005) and HCG in organ culture. A stimulation by FSH is observed only with high doses (10 mug, p less than 0.0005). Prolactin and ACTH have no effect. Age-matched fetal pituitaries increase significantly the testosterone production in the culture medium (p less than 0.0005).     

Effect of light on variations in blood testosterone in the ram: demonstration of a photosensitive phase in diurnal rhythm]

6 groups each of 5 adult rams were subjected in light controlled pens to a pretreatment of normal variations in daylength during May and June. Then one group followed the normal daylength and the other five different "skeleton photoperiods" of 8 hrs of light per day consisting of: 7 hrs continuous light (7 L) + 1 hr light (1 L) situated at different times of the dark period (D) according to groups. Blood samples were taken once each week and hourly during one 24 hr period in June, July and September. Peripheral plasma testosterone measured by radio-immunoassay was used as an index of testicular activity. There was increase in the level of testosterone resuting from a rise in the number of peak release during the 24 hrs. In the different light treatments tested, only the treatment (7L+9D+1L)+7D) stimulated testosterone secretion with the pattern of testosterone of this group being similar to that of the control group. This indicates that there exists a photosensitive phase at 16 to 17 hrs after the beginning of the principal light (the subjective dawn).     

Plasma steroid and protein hormone concentrations in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy and in normal men.

Serum levels of testosterone, FSH, LH and prolactin were measured by RIA in patients with BPH (benign prostatic hypertrophy) and in control men. The testosterone concentrations in the BPH group were significantly lower than that of the control group. Serum concentrations of FSH, LH, prolactin and estradiol, did not differ significantly in the 2 groups.     

Plasma steroid and protein hormone concentrations in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy and in normal men

Summary Serum levels of testosterone, FSH, LH and prolactin were measured by RIA in patients with BPH (benign prostatic hypertrophy) and in control men. The testosterone concentrations in the BPH group were significantly lower than that of the control group. Serum concentrations of FSH, LH, prolactin and estradiol, did not differ significantly in the 2 groups.     

Effects of photoperiod,temperature and testosterone-treatment on plasma T3 and T4 levels in the Djungarian hamster,Phodopus sungorus

Summary The effects of photoperiod, temperature and testosterone treatment on plasma T₃ and T₄ levels were investigated in the Djungarian hamster. Plasma T₃ level was affected by temperature (25°C<7°C) but not by photoperiod. Plasma T₄ level was affected by photoperiod (short day < long day) at 25°C. Administration of testosterone increased plasma T₄ level under short photoperiod at 25°C. Thus, higher plasma T₄ level under long photoperiod at 25°C might be induced by testosterone.     

Radioimmunoassay of plasma progesterone, testosterone, total estrogen and immunoreactive gonadotropin in the nesting and non-nesting green sea turtle, Chelonia mydas (L.).

Plasma progesterone, testosterone, total estrogens and immunoreactive gonadotropin were measured in nesting and non-nesting sea turtles, Chelonia mydas. Progesterone and gonadotropin concentrations were significantly higher in nesting than in non-nesting turtles, testosterone was not significantly different in either group and total estrogens appeared to be slightly in the nesting group.     

Effects of CA on the epididymis of intact,castrated and TP-treated langurs (Presbytis entellus entellus Dufresne)

Summary Cyproterone acetate (CA) treatment of intact langurs resulted in the disappearance of spermatozoa and regression of epididymal lumen, which can be compared with castration. The antiandrogenic nature of CA was confirmed in castrates treated simultaneously with testosterone propionate.     

Transaminasenaktivität nach Methyltestosteron-, Testosteronpropionat-, Chlorpromazin- und Methylthiouracilbehandlung

Summary The treatment of 62 patients with chlorpromazine was followed by a rise of SGO-T in the serum in 20% of them. Six other patients were treated with a daily dose of 200 to 400 mg Methylthiouracil for 14 days. No elevation of serum transaminases was observed. The application of a daily dose of 30 mg methyl testosterone to 40 other patients was followed by a rise of SGO-T and SGP-T in 77% of them. The maximal elevation of SGO-T was 275 U. and of SGP-T 260 U., and this was reached during 10 days of therapy on an average. This effect is bound to the methyl group of methyl testosterone, since in 10 patients, treated with the same dose of testosterone propionate, the serum transaminases activity were not influenced.     

Tissue specificity of testosterone fixation: demonstrated by ultrastructural immunocytochemistry after cryoultramicrotomy]

Testosterone can be detected by immunocytochemistry on ultrathin slices obtained by cryoultramicrotomy. Testosterone detected by this method is likely bound on a binding site having a high affinity. In order to study the tissue specificity of this binding, testosterone was tested in Rat pituitary gland, liver and adrenal glands. Immunoreactive testosterone was detected in the gonadotropic cells of the pituitary gland, in the hepatocytes. Testosterone was not detected by immunocytochemistry in the pituitary cells other than the gonadotropic cells and in the cells of the medulla of adrenal glands. These data testify in favour of tissue specificity of the testosterone binding.     

Effect of testosterone on the kinetics of the development of suppressor cells in adjuvant arthritis

The induction of unresponsiveness to mycobacterial adjuvant took a longer time in male DA rats than in female rats. A shift in the induction time of unresponsiveness in males toward the female type was brought about by castration, but could be reverted to the male type by the application of testosterone. The transfer study revealed that cells capable of preventing arthritis required a longer incubation time for their development in males than in females. This suggests that testosterone inhibits the development of suppressor cells in adjuvant arthritis.     

Levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in guinea pig sex canals during embryonic life]

At the undifferentiated stage, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels were comparable in sexual ducts of both sexes. An hormonal sexual dimorphism appeared at the time of differentiation: while testosterone rapidly decreased in the female ducts, it considerably increased in those of the male. Testosterone rather than DHT seems to be responsible for the wolffian duct stabilization in the male foetus.     

Radioimmunoassay of plasma progesterone,testosterone, total estrogens and immunoreactive gonadotropin in the nesting and non-nesting green sea turtle,Chelonia mydas (L.)

Summary Plasma progesterone, testosterone, total estrogens and immunoreactive gonadotropin were measured in nesting and non-nesting sea turtles,Chelonia mydas. Progesterone and gonadotropin concentrations were significantly higher in nesting than in non-nesting turtles, testosterone was not significantly different in either group and total estrogens appeared to be slightly higher in the nesting group.     

Effect of testosterone on the kinetics of the development of suppressor cells in adjuvant arthritis

Summary The induction of unresponsiveness to mycobacterial adjuvant took a longer time in male DA rats than in female rats. A shift in the induction time of unresponsiveness in males toward the female type was brought about by castration, but could be reverted to the male type by the application of testosterone. The transfer study revealed that cells capable of preventing arthritis required a longer incubation time for their development in males than in females. This suggests that testosterone inhibits the development of suppressor cells in adjuvant arthritis.Acknowledgments. We are grateful to The Naito Foundation Research Grant for 1983.