北天山七角井南部石英斑岩发育特征及其找矿意义：来自综合物探测量的证据

北天山七角井南部地区位于北天山造山带博格达－哈尔里克裂谷南缘,是准噶尔－巴尔喀什火山岩型铀成矿带的重要组成部分。铀矿化主要赋存于受北东向构造控制的晚二叠世石英斑岩裂隙带中,或者石英斑岩外接触带砂岩、凝灰质砂岩中,以及断裂构造破碎蚀变带中,因此,厘定石英斑岩空间展布特征对扩大深部矿化规模具有重要意义。选择音频大地电磁测量与地面高精度磁测相结合的物探方法,对该地区的石英斑岩进行探测,采用Rubust阻抗估算技术、二维有限元差分法的电磁数值模拟技术、非线性共轭梯度法的电磁反演技术、2.5D地磁异常反演技术等进行综合研究,结合地质背景,大致查明了石英斑岩深部发育情况。研究结果表明：晚二叠世石英斑岩沿北东向断裂构造破碎带呈裂隙式侵入,呈狭长线性带状分布,自西向东,石英斑岩深部规模呈下窄上宽→下宽上窄变化的形态。受北西向构造挤压抬升作用影响较大,石英斑岩被抬升并剥蚀,西部岩体破碎更强烈。结合钻孔验证情况,分析推断铀成矿有利区有2片,为下一步铀矿勘查工作提供了依据。     

Genesis of granulite in Himalayan lower crust: Evidence from experimental study at high temperature and high pressure

Here we present an insight into the genesis of Himalayan granulitic lower crust based on the experimental studies on the dehydration melting of natural biotite-plagioclase gneiss performed at the temperatures of 770-980℃ and the pressures of 1.0-1.4 GPa. The experiments produce peraluminous granitic melt and residual phase assemblage (Pl+Qz+Gat+Bio+Opx±Cpx+Ilm/Rut±Kfs). The residual mineral assemblage is similar to those of granu-lites observed at the eastern and western Himalayan syntax-ises, and the chemical compositions of characteristic minerals-garnet and pyroxene in the residual phase and the granu-lite are identical. Additionally, the modeled wave velocities of the residual phase assemblage are comparable well with those of the top part of lower crust beneath Himalayas. Hence, we suggest that (1) the top part of lower crust beneath Himalayas is probably made up of garnet-bearing intermediate granulite; (2) the formations of granulite and leucogranites in Himalayas are interrelated as the results of crustal anatexis; and (3) dehydration melting of bio-tite-plagioclase gneiss is an important process to form granulitic lower crust, to reconstitute and adjust the crustal texture. Moreover, experimental results can provide constraints on determining the P-T conditions of Himalayan crustal anatexis.     

Possible seismic reflector in the lower crust： Evidence from fabrics and experiments of seismic velocity on layered gabbro at high temperature and high pressure

Lattice preferred orientations (LPO) of plagioclase and augite are measured on layered gabbro from the Panxi region, Sichuan Province. The LPO concentration [010] of plagioclase and [100] of augite are perpendicular to the foliation, which indicates a kind of growth fabric associated with crystallizing habits of minerals when the magma is solidifying under the compaction. Calculated seismic velocities based on LPO data of minerals give rise to rather strong anisotropy 5.81% and 5.54% for compressional seismic wave (Vp) and shear seismic wave (Vs), respectively. The experiments at high temperature and high pressure show that the P-wave velocity of layered gabbro is 6.4-6.97 km/s with the maximum Vp anisotropy 5.22% and the Poisson‘s ratio is between 0.28-0.31. According to the comparison of fabrics with seismic velocities of layered gabbro, it is suggested that the large-scale layered intrusive body or the similar layered geological body may exist in the lower crust of this area. Such a layered intrusive body which has strong seismic anisotropy may be the seismic reflector in the lower crust.     

Paleoproterozoic lower crust beneath Nushan in Anhui Province： Evidence from zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating on granulite xenoliths in Cenozoic alkali basalt

Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating was carried out for an intermediate granulite xenolith in Cenozoic alkali basalt from Nushan. The results suggest that the lower crust beneath Nushan may have formed at about 2400—2200 Ma, and have been subjected to granulite-facies metamorphism at 1915 27 Ma. The old age of the Nushan lower crust is consistent with the geochemical similarities between Nushan granulite xenoliths and Archean-Paleoproterozoic granulite terrains in the North China craton, but it is not distinguishable from high-grade metamorphic rocks in the Yangtze craton where such old ages were also reported. Significant Pb-loss occurs in the Nushan zircons, implying important influence of widespread Mesozoic to Cenozoic underplating in East China on the lower crust beneath Nushan.