磁罗经数字转换器的设计

磁罗经作为低价而性能稳定的船用设备得到了大多数船只的配置应用,由于磁罗经通常安装在船头露天的地方,在使用时不太方便。磁罗经数字转换器使用固态磁阻传感器将磁罗经的磁针方位角转换成数字量的角度信号,利用单片机处理并传送到雷达或电子海图仪等设备上,从而实现航向角等航行信息的综合集中显示。磁罗经数字转换器可提供分辨率小于1°的航向角,不但可用在船上作为航行信息集中显示的辅助产品,也可以单独作为数字式电子指南针使用。     

全磁传感器弹体定姿布阵与半实物仿真

针对三轴磁传感器无法求解弹体3个姿态角这一问题,改进了磁传感器的布阵方式,设计了全磁传感器组合的旋转弹体姿态测量方案。建立了磁传感器组合的数学模型,根据2个非正交安装的磁传感器输出的极值比值,采取在偏航角范围内列表的方法来求解俯仰角,根据正交的三轴磁传感器求解偏航角。通过三轴无磁转台对测量系统进行了半实物仿真实验,并对姿态角进行了解算。实验结果表明,姿态角误差基本控制在1°,而采用十二位置不对北算法对罗差进行补偿后,可得出正确的载体偏航角。     

简易船舶GPS、艏向显示器的设计

针对目前许多小型渔货船上没有罗经导航仪的现状,设计了一套成本较低的船舶GPS艏向显示器。简易船舶GPS、艏向显示器由主控制器、电子罗经传感器、GPS模块、TFT液晶显示屏、电源稳压模块组成。通过主控制器处理电子罗经传感器测得的船艏向信息、GPS模块测得的地理位置信息,再驱动液晶显示屏显示实时时间、经纬度、船速、船艏向角等航行信息,提高航行安全性。经实验测试,简易船舶GPS艏向显示器性能稳定,设备小巧,价格低廉,适合在小型渔货船上推广应用。     

具有非线性修正特性的“JYJD”罗经机动误差数字仿真

舰船机动航行时罗经的指向误差是陀螺罗经的主要技术指标。“JYJD”电控罗经为了减小这一误差,在电磁摆中设置了限位器,这样就使陀螺罗经的修正特性呈非线性,因而机动时的干扰力矩是不连续的。以往对不连续干扰力矩作用下罗经的运动特性未见深入分析。本文在自行编制的一套仿真程序基础上,根据罗经的不同参数和机动航行条件,仿真出“JYJD”罗经的机动误差曲线,为设计“JYJD”罗经确定有关参数提供依据。数字仿真结果与“JYJD”罗经限位角40角分时机动航行实测结果相当接近,表明电磁摆取适当的限位角对减小“JYJD”罗经的机动误差很有好处。因此设计罗经时根据用户提出的机动航行条件,确定电磁摆限位角大小极为重要。     

磁罗经自差自动测定和补偿系统的研制

研制了一种磁罗经自差自动测定和补偿系统，通过比较磁阻传感器的航向和陀螺罗经航向，自动地获得罗经自差，在对罗航向补偿后可直接显示船舶磁航向或真航向，该系统还可自动计算出自差系数，用于船靠码头时校正罗经自差，经过实船检验，证明了其可行性。     

航行状态下罗经回路初始对准方法误差分析

为了解决动基座条件下罗经回路方法误差较大的问题,通过捷联罗经的原理进行分析,使用梅森增益公式,对航行状态下罗经回路对准方法的误差进行了深入分析,采用"等效器件误差"的方法,将匀速状态下舰船的速度带来的影响等效成常值陀螺漂移和常值加速度计零偏,定量给出了纬度变化、匀速、条件下所引起的罗经回路对准方法的水平失准角和方位失准角稳态误差角的表达式,并通过了仿真验证,为将罗经回路对准法推广至动基座情况提供有力的支持。     

磁罗经自差的智能测定和校正系统

利用计算机自动比较传感器输出的信号和基准航向信号，测定出罗经自差，并计算罗经自差系数，在显示器上显示船舶的磁航向，并提出船靠码头利用自差系数校正自差方法，最后计算出剩余自差。     

数字磁罗经自差自动校正方法

为适应当前船舶智能化和数字化发展的需求,提出一种具有较高准确度且实际可行的罗经自差自动校正方法.该方法无需人工干预,自动完成罗经自差校正,并在显示器上直接显示船舶磁航向或者船舶真航向.该自差校正方法节省了船舶校正自差的时间,简化了校正过程,其校正精度可满足船舶航行安全的要求.     

磁传感器在航海上的应用

针对磁传感器技术发展中存在的问题,论述了霍尔罗经、磁通门罗经、磁阻罗经和巨磁电阻罗经的基本原理、工作特点及其在航海上的应用.并基于巨磁电阻传感器工作原理,结合微处理机技术,研制了可在船上应用的巨磁电阻罗经,在航海上有广阔的应用前景.     

基于磁传感器组合的高旋弹横滚角测量方法

针对三轴磁传感器与加速度计组合对于弹体的姿态测量存在难以消除或补偿掉有害加速度的问题,设计了一种磁传感器组合的布阵方式.两磁传感器成一定角度安装,并根据传感器布阵方式提出了两种新的解算方法,即零交叉法和极值比值法,使之适用于有线加速度的载体.推导了磁场在磁传感器敏感轴方向上的数学表达式,论证了两种解算方法并进行了数值仿真,在此基础上比较了两种方法,并分析了其误差产生的原因.结果表明:两种方法均适用于高转速弹体横滚姿态和转速的测量;与零交叉法相比,极值比值法获得的姿态角信息多且是单值的,解算的姿态角更为准确且误差衰减较快,优于零交叉法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the