温度历程对早龄期混凝土抗裂性的影响

采用温度-应力试验机,研究了两种骨料组合的大坝混凝土在绝热、温度匹配及20℃恒温养护模式下的综合抗裂性,并以绝热模式的混凝土成熟度为基准,控制恒温与温度匹配模式试验开始降温的时间和降温速率(0.5-1.0 ℃/h).结果表明:绝热养护模式下混凝土应力发展较快,开裂温度较高,两种混凝土的抗裂性能差别较显著;另两种模式下,...     

混凝土绝热温升和热传导方程的新理论

对不同养护温度条件下的混凝土绝热温升进行了研究，并采用化学反应速率来描述时间和温度对混凝土绝热温升的影响，探讨了化学反应速率与养护温度之间的关系。根据混凝土不同养护温度（4．4℃，23．3℃和40．0℃）时绝热温升试验结果的分析，得出如下结论：（a）混凝土绝热温升可以用三参数双曲线函数描述；（b）化学反应速率是混凝土养护温度的非线性函数；（c）只有对混凝土样本化学反应速率作进一步研究，才能正确计算混凝土结构的温度场和应力场。     

煤灰黏温特性的测试条件

煤灰的黏温特性对以液态排渣的气流床气化炉至关重要。选用岳阳煤灰为原料,在实验室购置的RV DV-Ⅲ型高温黏度计上分别从样品量、升温条件、降温速率等方面对煤灰黏温特性的测试条件进行了研究。结果表明:应用此仪器进行煤灰黏温特性测试,制灰量至少为80g,预熔后的渣样量为40~50g;一般以待测样品流动温度(TF)以上200℃作为测试的最高温度,样品升温段在灰熔点以下100℃能以较快速率升温,在灰熔点附近降低升温速率并在灰熔点左右恒温。采用连续降温方式进行测试,分析显示以1℃/min降温速率进行测试较合理。     

不同加热气氛下模化城市生活垃圾氯释放特性的研究

在对国内外城市生活垃圾组成及变化规律研究的基础上，配制了能代表我国城市生活垃圾组成特性的模化城市生活垃圾(Model Municipal Solid Waste，MMSW)。采用TGA—FTIR联用技术模拟燃烧、热解工况，研究了不同升温速率、不同中途恒温时间等条件下MMSW的氯释放特性。研究结果表明：MMSW的氯起始释放温度和氯释放终止温度与MMSW热处理的气氛、升温速率均有关系，氯起始释放温度在350～420℃范围内变化；在燃烧、热解等条件下，MMSW中的氯基本以HCl气态形式释放，起始释放温度在燃烧条件下要比无氧条件(热解)下要低20～30℃；升温速率越快，氯起始释放温度越高，氯完全释放的时间间隔越短。研究还表明，在380～420℃恒温时间越长，越有利于MMSW中氯的完全释放。     

煤矸石发电厂循环流化床固硫灰的活性试验研究

对煤矸石发电厂循环流化床固硫灰的活性进行了试验研究,并与2种燃煤发电厂排放的粉煤灰进行了对比分析。结果表明：固硫灰在标准养护和湿热养护条件下的活性指数均高于粉煤灰,但在蒸压养护条件下为最低;提出利用固硫灰研发建筑制品时,应采用与实际生产养护条件相同的活性指数作为重要的技术依据。     

中低温热解对褐煤脱硫率及半焦中硫含量的影响

以内蒙古锡林郭勒盟褐煤为原料,借助于煤热解制备出民用洁净低硫褐煤半焦,考察了热解温度、升温速率、恒温时间及煤粒粒径等工艺条件对所制备的褐煤半焦中总硫、有机硫及无机硫含量的影响。实验结果表明:在500～800℃热解温度范围内,褐煤半焦中总硫含量随着热解温度的增加呈现先减小后增加的趋势,热解温度为700℃时褐煤半焦中总硫质量分数达到最低值(0.98%);热解升温速率越慢,越有利于褐煤中硫的释放,升温速率为10℃/min时褐煤中硫释放程度最大(脱硫率为67%);热解恒温时间过短或过长都会影响煤中硫的脱除,最佳热解恒温时间为60 min;随着煤粒粒径的增大,热解过程中传质阻力增加,不利于煤中硫的脱除,粒径≤0.2 mm时褐煤半焦中硫含量最低。     

碳热还原氮化高钛渣合成TiN／β＇-Sialon导电陶瓷粉体

以高钛渣、高铝矾土熟料、硅灰和炭黑为原料，采用碳热还原氮化法合成TiN/β＇-Sialon导电陶瓷粉体．利用XRD，SEM和EDS检测手段研究了合成温度、恒温时间对反应过程的影响，并探讨了合成机理．结果表明：合成温度、恒温时间对反应过程影响显著．1400℃恒温2h时，β＇-Sialon含量达最大，是最佳的工艺参数．此时β＇-Sialon晶粒多呈长柱状，TiN为细小粒状．合成过程中SiO的挥发导致试样较大的质量损失，且随合成温度升高和恒温时间延长而增大．     

秦沈客运专线24M双线单箱预应力混凝土梁蒸养及温差控制技术

中铁十九局五处绥中制梁场承担秦沈客运专线石河２＃特大桥、九江河特大桥、沙河特大桥、狗河特大桥等８座大桥的双线单箱有碴、无碴梁的预制生产任务。该梁全长２４．６ｍ，有效跨度２４．０ｍ，梁顶宽１２．４ｍ；有碴梁梁高２．０ｍ，质量５２０吨左右；无碴梁梁高２．２ｍ，质量５３０吨左右。制梁场位于辽宁省绥中县高岭镇祝总村。当地气候具有暖温带——中温带亚湿润特征。四季分明，１１月至３月为冰冻期，冬季寒冷干燥，降水量较少，春秋两季短且多风，夏季温暖多雨，昼夜温差较大，７月至９月为雨季。按照设计蓝图及铁道部“秦沈客运专线桥梁制造与架设施工技术细则”和“秦沈客运专线预制后张法预应力砼简支梁技术条件”的要求。梁体砼灌注完毕后，采用蒸汽养护。蒸汽养护制度分静停、升温、恒温、降温等四个阶段实施。要求严格控制升、降温速率及恒温温度，以避免梁体内外温差过大或恒温温度过高而导致的温差起裂，结构畸形长大等。１蒸汽养护及温差控制总的原则１．１蒸汽养护温度控制总原则升温阶段的总原则：缓慢升温、高湿低温。前两小时升温速率控制在６－８℃／ｈ，后１－２小时放宽至１０－１２℃／ｈ；避免升温过快引起砼细观结构的破坏，导致砼体积发生较多膨大。恒温阶段的总原则：...     

不同养护制度下掺铁尾矿粉超高性能混凝土力学性能

采用铁尾矿粉取代石英粉配制超高性能混凝土(ultra-high performance concrete, UHPC),研究不同养护制度下掺铁尾矿粉UHPC力学性能.结果表明:随铁尾矿粉取代率增加, UHPC流动度略有下降,力学性能基本不变;与标准养护相比,恒温水养和蒸压养护下掺铁尾矿粉UHPC抗压、抗折强度及折压比显著提升.结合微观试验结果发现,铁尾矿粉取代石英粉对水泥石显微硬度及孔结构无不利影响.恒温水养和蒸压养护下掺铁尾矿粉UHPC的水泥水化更充分,水化产物Ca/Si比值下降,水泥石显微硬度增大、孔结构改善;蒸压养护还可能显著激发硅灰、石英粉和铁尾矿粉的火山灰活性,参与二次水化,生成结构更致密的C-S-H(结构类Tobermorite晶体).采用铁尾矿粉取代石英粉制备力学性能达标的UHPC是可行的,此举将同时产生良好的环保和经济效益.     

蒸压灰砂加气混凝土砌体通缝抗剪强度的试验研究

为研究蒸压灰砂加气混凝土承重砌体的抗剪性能，对8组砌体进行了沿通缝截面的抗剪试验．对比不同的加载方法，分析了砌体的受力机理和破坏特征，讨论了砂浆强度、加载方法、砌筑质量和砌块尺寸等因素对抗剪强度的影响．通过统计回归的方法，提出蒸压灰砂加气混凝土砌体通缝抗剪强度平均值的计算公式，计算结果与试验值吻合较好，有一定的安全储备．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with