半预制预应力UHPC-S-NC盖梁静力性能试验及理论分析

为解决大悬臂盖梁吊装重量大且难以实现预制拼装的技术难题,利用超高性能混凝土（Ultra-High Performance Concrete, UHPC）优异的力学性能,提出了采用由UHPC、钢板和型钢（Steel, S）制作的槽形组合结构作为永久模板,架设就位后浇筑普通混凝土（Normal Concrete,NC）的新型半预制预应力UHPC-S-NC盖梁. 为研究其抗裂性能、刚度并对其安全性进行评估,结合实际工程,设计一片1∶2.5的大比例缩尺模型并进行全过程静力加载测试,获得了试验梁的变形特征、开裂荷载、裂缝开展、分布规律和应变等关键试验数据.分析了试验梁裂缝分布和应变发展规律;考虑材料塑性应力-应变关系,提出了结构UHPC层和NC层的开裂弯矩计算模式和计算方法;并根据截面平衡条件提出了组合结构的抗弯承载力计算模式,同时,依据规范对结构抗剪承载力的计算模式进行了探究. 结果表明：新型组合盖梁结构具有施工快捷、装配化程度高等特点;开裂弯矩的计算结果与试验值吻合较好;采用平衡条件和叠加法评估结构的承载力,新型盖梁结构具有足够的承载能力,结果偏于安全;针对实际工程提出了一些具体的结构设计和施工的建议. 研究成果可为半预制盖梁的应用提供参考.     

UHPC大键齿干接缝直剪性能及尺寸参数分析

预制拼装UHPC桥梁的拼接接缝是该类桥梁整体受力尤其是剪切受力的关键.为探究UHPC大键齿干接缝的直剪性能,基于ABAQUS塑性损伤模型建立了非线性有限元模型,并采用现有文献的UHPC键齿干接缝试验数据进行了模型校验.以校验的有限元模型为基础,研究了UHPC大键齿干接缝直剪性能及剪切破坏过程,揭示了其两种主要破坏模式,即滑移破坏和直剪破坏.同时,开展了UHPC干接缝的大键齿尺寸参数分析,考虑的参数主要包括:键齿深度、键齿倾角和侧向应力;根据计算分析结果,大键齿尺寸建议取深齿比0.15～0.25且键齿倾角小于37°较为合理.此外,基于摩尔应力圆理论和有限元计算结果,建立了UHPC大键齿干接缝直剪承载力计算公式,经试验数据验证具有良好的适用性.     

体外预应力RPC箱梁受弯加载试验研究

进行体外预应力RPC箱梁模型两点对称受弯加载试验,研究了荷载-挠度曲线、截面应变、裂缝分布和破坏模式等问题,并对模型梁跨中正截面抗弯承载力进行了计算分析.结果表明,模型梁属于整体受弯破坏,采用预制节段拼装的施工方法是可行的;模型梁中混凝土对开裂弯矩的贡献明显大于同类普通混凝土梁,开裂时跨中受拉区边缘RPC应变约为普通混凝土的4~6倍;采用体外预应力提高了模型梁的开裂弯矩和增加了其延性,模型梁开裂弯矩为极限弯矩的55%;开裂时梁的跨中挠度仅为跨中极限挠度的20%;体外预应力RPC箱梁进行正截面承载力计算时应考虑RPC的受拉作用,并且可参照本文算法进行设计计算.     

负弯矩作用下UHPC湿接缝桥面板裂后性能研究

针对预制拼装桥面板接缝处受力复杂、易开裂等问题,提出了一种新型超高性能混凝土（Ultra-high Performance Concrete, UHPC）燕尾榫接缝.通过负弯矩作用下荷载模型试验,研究了不同接缝材料和预应力水平对UHPC湿接缝桥面板极限承载力、破坏形式及裂缝分布等的影响规律.基于试验验证的数值仿真模型,对比分析了不同接缝位置、接缝形式、纵筋率、材料强度及板件厚度等参数对湿接缝受弯性能的影响.研究结果表明：预应力由0 MPa提高到5 MPa,板件开裂应力和极限承载力分别提升40.0%和5.5%;燕尾榫接缝较直角榫接缝与平接缝的开裂应力分别提高7.5%和16.0%,承载力分别提高5.4%和16.0%.燕尾榫接缝整体性好,改变接缝位置对湿接缝受弯性能影响较小;板件开裂应力和极限承载力随材料强度增大而提高,材料强度超过120 MPa时增幅减小;UHPC接缝初裂刚度约为初始刚度的90%,剩余刚度约为初始刚度的25%;初裂后,结构刚度迅速下降,纵筋屈服后,结构刚度退化速度明显减缓,最终刚度保持在剩余刚度;提出了用极限荷载对应位移与开裂荷载对应位移之比为表达形式的UHPC湿接缝桥面板裂后延性系数,本文板件裂后延性系数为10.0~20.0,表明UHPC湿接缝桥面板具有较好的裂后变形能力.     

体内体外混合配束节段预制箱梁受弯性能试验

为了探索体内体外配束比对节段预制箱梁受弯性能的影响,考虑3种水平的体内体外混合配束比,制作3根节段预制拼装箱梁进行极限承载力试验,研究了体内体外不同配束比下,节段预制箱梁的变形特点、裂缝分布特征及破坏模式。研究结果表明:体内束布置越多,节段预制箱梁的承载力越高;梁体变形主要集中在节段接缝处;梁体的裂缝是沿胶接缝的素混凝土开裂,张开的接缝沿梁高方向分布符合平截面假定;极限承载力状态下,体外束的应力可达1 400~1 600 MPa,应力增量可达35%~45%;当梁体破坏时,普通钢筋的累积应变仍小于钢筋屈服应变,建议普通钢筋按照构造配筋配置。     

预制UHPC-NC板组合湿接缝抗弯性能试验研究

针对沿海浪溅区UHPC-NC组合板桥梁湿接缝薄弱问题，设计并制作了两块不同构造的组合接缝板（菱形企口接缝JF-L与倒T形接缝JF-T），开展了受弯性能试验并进行界面应力分析，得到组合板湿接缝从开裂到破坏的全过程力学响应，并根据本文试验和文献统计数据，推导了UHPC-UHPC接缝界面开裂荷载计算公式. 结果表明：两块接缝板均发生弯剪破坏，由于接缝界面存在加密钢筋，剪跨段存在纵筋配筋率变化截面，钢筋在该变化截面拉断；两块组合接缝板开裂荷载和极限破坏荷载基本相同，抗裂性能由接缝界面性能控制，不同构造对湿接缝的抗弯性能影响不大；JF-L与JF-T试件的名义开裂应力分别为4.71 MPa和4.74 MPa，满足沿海浪溅区桥梁正常使用要求；JF-L试件裂缝数量更多，但裂缝发展速度较慢，JF-T试件UHPC-NC界面未开裂，具有更高的延性和抗裂性能. 提出UHPC湿接缝开裂荷载计算公式并与本文和相关文献试验结果进行对比，验证其适用性. 实际工程中，推荐采用更方便预制和施工的菱形企口湿接缝构造形式.     

套筒连接的预制拼装桥墩抗剪性能试验

为了探究采用灌浆套筒连接预制拼装桥墩的抗剪性能和影响因素,对拼接缝位置、截面中心增设无黏结预应力筋、拼接面增设剪力键齿的预制拼装桥墩试件及现浇混凝土桥墩试件进行了拟静力试验.分析比较了试件的损伤发展过程和最终的破坏模式.从滞回曲线、极限剪切承载力、变形等方面探讨了试件的抗剪性能,并与现浇混凝土试件的抗剪性能进行了比较.试验结果表明,采用灌浆套筒连接构造的预制拼装桥墩主要表现为弯剪破坏模式,变形能力和耗能能力良好,且与现浇试件抗剪性能相近.截面中心增设无黏结预应力筋的试件,可提高抗剪承载力,并降低了残余变形.     

UHPC键齿+螺栓连接接缝梁抗弯性能试验研究

为了研究预制UHPC键齿+螺栓连接接缝梁的抗弯性能,进行了6根UHPC键齿+螺栓连接接缝梁(简称接缝梁)和2根UHPC整体梁的弯曲试验,探讨梁底配筋、接缝设置钢垫板及涂抹环氧树脂胶等因素对UHPC接缝梁的破坏形式、抗弯承载力、跨中挠度、连接钢板上下缘应变和接缝相对纵向位移的影响;采用有限元软件ANSYS分析了长期压应力作用下UHPC徐变对螺栓预紧力的影响.试验及分析结果表明:UHPC接缝梁在梁底配筋不同的情况下存在接缝梁刚度突变区梁体受弯破坏和键齿楔形破坏引起的接缝破坏2种破坏模式,接缝表面涂抹环氧树脂胶对接缝梁的抗弯性能影响小,接缝两侧设置钢垫板可提高接缝的抗弯承载力,减小接缝梁的跨中挠度和接缝的上、下缘相对纵向位移,且对连接钢板的受弯变形也有一定的改善作用.长期压应力作用引起的UHPC徐变会导致螺栓预紧力下降,下降幅度可达24.7%.     

UHPC预制拼装综合管廊的抗弯性能试验

针对预制拼装RC管廊自重大和吊装难的问题,通过试设计UHPC预制拼装管廊主体构造,并进行1:2模型的静力试验,得到了各级荷载作用下UHPC综合管廊的顶板、底板和侧墙的破坏形态、荷载-变形关系、钢筋和混凝土应变,并对整体受力机制、破坏模式和极限承载力进行了分析。结果表明,UHPC管廊重量可减少30%,破坏模式与RC管廊基本一致,均为弯曲破坏,但UHPC管廊的开裂荷载和变形能力明显提高。在实测数据的基础上,通过简化拉压区应力分布图形,建立UHPC综合管廊抗弯极限承载力的计算方法,得到的计算值与实测值吻合良好,误差在10%左右。提出的计算公式可为UHPC综合管廊的设计计算提供参考。     

UHPC-RC节段组合梁的抗弯性能分析

为研究低预应力度条件下,不同节段接缝的超高性能混凝土-钢筋混凝土(ultra-high performance concrete-reinforced concrete, UHPC-RC)组合梁的抗弯性能,文章基于ABAQUS有限元软件,建立UHPC-RC节段组合梁的基准有限元模型,并利用已有的试验数据验证该模型的合理性。节段接缝分别为平面干接缝、平面胶接缝、齿键干接缝和齿键胶接缝,在基准有限元模型的基础上,进一步研究节段接缝类型对组合梁抗弯性能的影响。研究发现,在四点受弯加载方式下,接缝的几何特征(平面或齿键)对组合梁的极限荷载和开裂荷载影响较小,环氧树脂胶的使用对组合梁的抗弯性能影响较大。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has