植物生长调节剂和蔗糖对抗黑胫病香果树丛芽分化的影响

将抗黑胫病香果树愈伤组织在ＢＡ、ＮＡＡ、蔗糖３因素条件下作Ｌ＿９（３￣４）正交组织培养试验．结果表明，ＢＡ、ＢＡ与ＮＡＡ的交互作用对抗病香果树愈伤组织丛芽分化有极显著影响．ＢＡ／ＮＮＡ（Ｘ）与芽分化（Ｙ）的关系为Ｙ＝１．３６５１Ｘ￣（０．１２８６），ＢＡ／ＮＡＡ（Ｘ）和ＢＡ＋ＮＡＡ（Ｙ）与芽分化（Ｚ）的关系为Ｚ＝１．１０３３＋０．０９９９（Ｘ＋Ｙ）－０．００２７（Ｘ＋Ｙ）￣２，ＢＡ／ＮＡＡ（Ｘ）和蔗糖浓度（Ｙ）与芽分化（Ｚ）的关系为Ｚ＝１．０７４０＋０．０７９３（Ｘ＋Ｙ）－０．００１７（Ｘ＋Ｙ）￣２．在本该试验范围内，丛芽分化的最适培养基为ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋蔗糖３％．     

正交设计法在白三叶组织培养中的应用

以白三叶的叶片为外植体,采用正交设计法,对愈伤组织生长和细胞悬浮培养的培养基进行了优化筛选。实验结果表明,白三叶叶片愈伤组织生长的最佳培养基配方为ＭＢ＋０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ２,４－Ｄ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋１ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ＋２ｍｇ／Ｌ甘氨酸＋１００ｍｇ／Ｌ肌醇＋３％蔗糖＋０．７％琼脂;细胞悬浮培养的最佳培养基的配方为ＭＢ＋４ｍｇ／Ｌ ２,４－Ｄ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ＋２ｍｇ／     

不同植物生长调节物质对华黄芪愈伤组织形成及器官发…

以华黄芪为材料，ＭＳ为基本培养基，设计不同浓度的ＮＡＡ、２，４－Ｄ、６－ＢＡ、ＫＴ等单因子试验和不同比值的细胞分裂素／生长素组合试验，探讨植物生长调节物质对华黄芪愈伤组织形成及器官发生的效应。结果表明：在愈伤组织形成过程中，单因子试验以５．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ、０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ２，４－Ｄ、１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ、２０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＫＴ诱导效果较好，诱导频率可达１００％，且生长势好。组合试验比单因子试验能     

雪兔子叶的组织培养及植株再生

以雪兔子无菌苗的幼叶为外植体,接种到ＭＳ补加ＮＡＡ（１．０－２．０）ｍｇ／Ｌ、６－ＢＡ（０．１－１．０）ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上诱导愈伤组织,其中以ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的诱导效果最好,经６周培养即可形成大量的黄绿色愈伤组织,诱导率可达１００％,经２－３次继代培养后,将生长发良好的愈伤组织转接到ＭＳ附加６－ＢＡ（０．５－２．０）ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＩＡＡ（０．０５－０．１）ｍｇ／Ｌ、Ｎ     

花毛茛植株再生途径的离体调控

花毛茛的叶接种子ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄｌｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡｌ＋６－ＢＡ２的培养基上，３－４周后，形成愈伤组织，将愈伤组织分别转移到ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ１－２和ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１．５－２．５的培养基上，培养４周左右，从愈伤组织表面通过胚状体发生和不定芽发生两条途径形成植株；而将叶接种于ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ２＋ＮＡＡ０．２－０．５＋ＬＨ５００的培养基上，则可在叶和叶片的过渡区不经过愈伤组织直接分化出芽并形成植株。     

怀地黄离体培养再生植株及其生长调控

本文对怀地黄愈伤组织的诱导、分化和再生植株的生长调控进行了研究．结果表明：（１）６－ＢＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ（单位下同）＋ＮＡＡ０．１的组合有利于叶片愈伤组织的形成，２，４－Ｄ２＋ＮＡＡ２的组合有利于根茎愈伤组织的形成；（２）诱导愈伤组织产生再生植株的最佳组合为６－ＢＡ１＋ＮＡＡ０．０１；（３）ＰＰ３３３对再生植株的生长调控具有良好的效应，ＰＰ３３３１处理后，再生植株生长健壮，根系发达，叶色浓绿．     

高蛋白籼稻品系H28胚培养力的初步研究

以籼稻Ｈ２８优良品系为材料，通过胚培养诱发愈伤组织并继代培养，最适的诱导培养基为ＭＳ＋２ｍｇ／Ｌ ２，４－Ｄ，在此培养基上产生的愈伤组织具有较强的分化能力，将愈伤组织转移到分化培养基，光照培养１７ｄ后，在ＭＳ＋０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋１ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ的分化培养基上，愈伤组织的芽分化率可达４０％。在分化培养基上培养１０ｄ后，将愈伤组织转移到无激素或低浓度激素的培养基上，其分化出苗率有明显的提高。     

大蒜鳞芽组织脱分化条件的分析与预测

以大蒜鳞芽基部组织为外植体，用二次回归通用旋转组合设计进行愈伤组织诱导研究。结果表明：培养基中附加的２，４－Ｄ、ＮＡＡ和６－ＢＡ三种激素中，２，４－Ｄ起决定作用，三者与愈伤组织诱导率之间的回归方程为：Ｙ＝６５．１２－１８．４７ｘ１－８．５６ｘ３－９．１７ｘ１２１６．６３ｘ２２－１２．１５ｘ３２经计算机模拟推测，最佳诱导培养基为：ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ０．９８ｍｇ／Ｌ～１．１４ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．９３ｍｇ／Ｌ～１．０９ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ１．１９ｍｇ／Ｌ～１．３６ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

荞麦的组织培养及植株再生

荞麦（Ｆａｇｏｐｙｒｕｍ ｅｓｃｕｌｅｎｔｕｍ Ｍｏｅｎｃｈ．）无菌苗下胚轴切段在含不同激素配比的ＭＳ培养基上进行愈伤组织诱导,发现在 ２． ０ ｍｇ／Ｌ ２． ４－Ｄ与 １． ５ ｍｇ／Ｌ ６ ＢＡ组合时,可１００％地诱导出愈伤组织。愈伤组织在含 １．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ６ＢＡ和１．５ ｍｇ／Ｌ ２．４－Ｄ的激素条件下继代培养１代后转入含２ｍｇ／Ｌ ６ ＢＡ和１ｍｇ／Ｌ ＫＴ的 ＭＳ培养基上,计有８０％以上可分化出苗。转入０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ的 １／２ＭＳ培养基上则可诱导出根。研究建立了荞麦离体诱导高频率再生植株的实验体系。     

红三叶和白三叶愈伤组织的诱导和胚性细胞悬浮系的建立

以红三叶（Ｔｒｉｆｏｌｉｕｍｐｒａｔｅｎｓｅ）野生品种巴东红三叶的叶片为外植体,在ＭＢ－１至ＭＢ－９的固体培养基上诱导愈伤组织,筛选出最佳培养基是ＭＢ－９培养基．以白三叶（Ｔｒｉｆｏｌｉｕｍｒｅｐｅｎｓｅ）裁培品种“路易斯安娜”和“Ｈｕｃａ”的叶片为外植体,接种在ＭＢ－９固体培养基上诱导愈伤组织．愈伤组织形成以后,均在ＭＢ－９固体培养上继代培养３～４次后,获得胚性愈伤组织,然后转至ＭＢ＋３ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ＋０７ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ＋０２ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋２ｍｇ／Ｌ甘氨酸＋５００ｍｇ／ＬＣＨ＋３％蔗糖的液体培养基中,经强化培养,２个月后,获得胚性细胞悬浮系．实验结果表明,缩短换液时间,即每隔３～４ｄ换一次,可加快胚性细胞悬浮系的建立．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with