Use of Probiotics in Aquaculture

Diseases of cultured animal and environmental pollution are very important problems in aquaculture.The use of probiotics in aquaculture has more advantages than the use of antibiotics and chemicals in aquaculture.This review introduces the use and mechaninsms of the probiotics in aquaculture.     

On Equivalence Validity in Translation of Classical Culture in Dream of Red Mansions

Equivalence validity is an important piece of guideline in translation.The thesis mainly deals with the utilization of the guideline in translating the Chinese classic Dream of Red Mansions into English.Through the analysis it is not difficult to find that appropriate use of the principle should be based on specific conditions in the rendering.     

The Similarities of Heart in English and “心” in Chinese in the use of Metaphor

Metaphor is a figure of speech which is often used both in written and spoken forms. There are both similarities and differences in the metaphorical uses of "heart" in English and the uses of its correspondent "心" in Chinese. The same metaphorical uses of "heart" and "心" are discussed in this paper.     

Molecular Basis of Transfer of Transfer of Induced Resistance in Plants

ＭｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒＢａｓｉｓｏｆＴｒａｎｓｆｅｒｏｆＩｎｄｕｃｅｄＲｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｉｎＰｌａｎｔｓ＊ＸｕＷｅｎｌｉａｎ（徐文联），ＤｏｎｇＨａｎｓｏｎｇ（董汉松）＋，ＰａｎＪｕｎ（潘军）＋，ＪｉａｎｇＷｕｌｉｎｇ（蒋五玲），ＬｉｕＡｉｘｉｎ（刘爱...     

Estimation of soil respiration in a paddy ecosystem in the subtropical resion of China

Water vapor, energy exchange, and CO2 flux were measured continuously from 2003 to 2005 using the eddy covariance technique in a paddy ecosystem in the subtropical region of China. The CO2 fluxes at nighttime during fallow periods （from middle October to late April） were used to analyze the dynamics of soil respiration and its relationship with soil temperature, and to simulate the annual dynamics of soil respiration in paddy ecosystems. The variation of soil respiration showed a clear seasonal pattern. The soil respiration rates at night during the fallow periods were 52--398 mg· m^-2· h^-1, and exponentially correlated （P〈0.001） with soil temperatures at different depths of soil （5, 10, and 20 cm）, particularly the temperature measured at a depth of 5 cm. Based on the simulated exponential equations developed, annual average soil respiration rates and total soil respiration of paddy soil in the subtropical region of China were estimated to be 178.5--259.9 mg· m^-2· h^-1 and 1.56--2.28 kg· m^-2· a^-1, respectively. The simulation equations can be applied to evaluating soil respiration in paddy ecosystems during the rice-growing season.     

Effect of changes in flow runoff on the elevation of Tongguan in Sanmenxia Reservoir

This paper presents a study of the variation of the elevation of Tongguan, which is located in the backwater zone of the Sanmenxia Reservoir, in response to changes in flow runoff. The analysis indicated that the rise of the elevation of Tongguan, which is defined as the stage corresponding to a discharge of I000 m^3/s at Tongguan station, is controlled by the stream energy. A close relationship existed between the elevation of Tongguan and the superimposed stream energy that integrates the current and the preceding years‘ flow and dam operation conditions. When the flow runoff remains relatively constant and the pool level of the dam has a relatively large range of variations, then the elevation of Tongguan is primarily controlled by the dam operation conditions. On the other hand, if the flow runoff has a relatively large range of variations and the pool level of the dam remains relatively constant, then the elevation of Tongguan is primarily controlled by the flow conditions. These findings are of importance for optimizing the dam operation in order to lower and control the elevation of Tongguan, and therefore to minimize the backwater effect of the dam operation.     

Estimation of soil respiration in a paddy ecosystem in the subtropical region of China

Water vapor, energy exchange, and CO2 flux were measured continuously from 2003 to 2005 using the eddy covariance technique in a paddy ecosystem in the subtropical region of China. The CO2 fluxes at nighttime during fallow periods (from middle October to late April) were used to analyze the dynamics of soil respiration and its relationship with soil temperature, and to simulate the annual dynamics of soil respiration in paddy ecosystems. The variation of soil respiration showed a clear seasonal pattern. The soil respiration rates at night during the fallow periods were 52―398 mg·m-2·h-1, and exponen- tially correlated (P<0.001) with soil temperatures at different depths of soil (5, 10, and 20 cm), particularly the temperature measured at a depth of 5 cm. Based on the simulated exponential equations developed, annual average soil respiration rates and total soil respiration of paddy soil in the subtropical region of China were estimated to be 178.5―259.9 mg·m-2·h-1 and 1.56―2.28 kg·m-2·a-1, respectively. The simulation equations can be applied to evaluating soil respiration in paddy ecosystems during the rice-growing season.     

Reappraisal of Color Change in Women''''s Wears in China

Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　　Ｔｏｗａｎｔｔｏｃｈａｎｇｅｉｓｔｈｅｂａｓｉｃｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｏｆｈｕｍａｎｂｅｉｎｇｓ.Ｃｏｌｏｒｃｈａｎｇｅｓｒｅｆｌｅｃｔａｍｙｒｉａｄｏｆｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓｆｒｏｍｄｅｓｉｇｎａｎｄｓｏｍｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｓｕｃｈａｓｆｉｎｅａｒｔ,ａｓｗｅｌｌａｓｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｓ,ｐｏｌｉｔｉｃｓ ,ｔｒａ ｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌｃｕｌｔｕｒｅａｎｄｐｓｙｃｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｍｏｏｄｓ.Ｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｋｅｅｐｕｐｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｃｈａｎｇｉｎｇｃｏｌｏｒａｎｄｍａｋ…     

Preliminary survey of estrogenic activity in part of waters in Haihe River, Tianjin

A preliminary survey of estrogenic activity of the contaminant in part of waters （Ziya River and the estuary of Haihe River） in Haihe River, Tianjin has been performed with the plasma vitellogenin （Vtg） in feral fish as a biomarker for estrogenic activity. The concentrations of bisphenol A （BPA）, 4-tert-octylphenol （OP） and 4-nonyl- phenol （NP） in surface water were also determined. The presence of Vtg in male fish plasma as well as that in female can be detected at different sites and different seasons. The results indicate that the water in the sampling sites was contaminated by some estrogenic compounds. Although BPA, OP and NP can be detected in all of the water samples, their concentrations were much lower than the effective concentrations for those chemicals to induce Vtg production in male fish.     

The mechanism of nucleation of hydrogen blister in metals

The nucleating, growing and cracking of hydrogen blister have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. The results show that atomic hydrogen induces superabundant vacancies in metals. The superabundant vacancies and hydrogen aggregate into a hydrogen-vacancy cluster (microcavity). The hydrogen atoms in the microcavity become hydrogen molecules which can stabilize the cluster. And the hydrogen blister nucleates. With the entry of vacancies and hydrogen atoms, the blister nucleus grows and the pressure in the cavity increases. When the stress induced by hydrogen pressure on the blister is up to the cohesive strength, cracks will initiate from the wall of the blister.     

Progress of Production Technology of Clean Steel in Baosteel

The progress in control technology of carbon, nitrogen, total oxygen, phosphorus, and stdphur as well as inclusions in steel is discussed at Baosteel. The purity obtained in IF steel and pipeline steel is introduced.     

Immunocytochemical identification of actin in mitochondria of Physarum polycephalum

Mitochondria isolated from the plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum Schw. are reacted with rabbit anti-actin antibody, and detected with FITC-conjugated sheep anti-rabbit IgG antibody. The results of indirect immunofluorescence show that actin exists in the mitochondria. Western blot analysis confirms the existence of actin in the protein preparation of the mitochondria. The indirect immunoelectron microscopic observation using the same antibodies verifies further that actin is the constituents of mitochondria, and it is dispersively distributed in the mitochondria of P. polycephalum.     

The Necessity of Variety of Textbook in Course Design

The existing textbook used in Intensive Reading class in English Department is not satisfactory according to an investi- gation made by the authors.Some investigations show:the texts are too easy,and monotonous both in content and style. Due to this,teachers also have the difficulty to teach this course in an interesting way.So suggestions should be made both on the change of textbook and teaching methods.Now we have to confront with an urging task:prosperity of textbooks is necessary and significant in course design and teaching reform.     

The construction of Masculinity in Tarzan of the Apes

Tarzan of the Apes by Edgar R Burroughs is a notorious exemplar of both racist and sexist rhapsody. A veteran writer, Burroughs creates his macho hero with precise choice-wording and heart-throbbing suspense, presenting the turn-of-the-century hegemonic ideals of masculinity stemming from the notion of white supremacy twinned with primitive savagery. To understand the aim of constructing such a larger-than-life figure, we will take a look at the male body first, then analyze the ego, finally inspect the noble heart and civilized demeanor which are the essence of its spirit.     

The Important Role of Context of Culture in Translation

This paper presents the indispensable role of context of culture in the translation of meaning of language in-use,showing it to be the source of contextual background of a particular text and of which the contextual features derive.It pays special attention to the tactics for understanding as well as interpreting words in the light of context.It maintains that the context of culture in which the translator works in mainly affects and limits the choice of words in translation.     

Observation of ultra-microtexture of fault rocks in shearing-sliding zones

With the rapid development of microbeam tech nologies, the application of scanning electronic mi croscopy ( SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) hasextended the studies on textures of fault rocks frommicro scale (micron level) observation to ultra microscale (nanometer level)[1]. Through SEM observa tion of three fault rocks in ductile brittle shearing sliding zones[2](including one palimpsest mylonite ofMesozoic granite s…     

Analysis of Flavonoid Aglycons in Rhododendron of Sichuan Liangshan

IntroductionRhododendron is a widespread natural plant ofover 70 0 types[13] with differentmedicinal values.Rhododendron extracts,for example,are used inmedicines for chronic tracheitis,for suppressingcough,as antiphlogistic and anodyne,and forhighblood pressure[4 6] .The flavonoids and volatile oilsin Rhododendron leaves were reported to beeffective for the treatment of asthma and otherpulmonary complaints[7,8] . Liquor Jinjuan (anendemic antiphlogistic medicine) made usingRhododendron leav…     

Application of Ultrasonic Technology in Detecting of Sludge Level

The basic principle and the method of detecting the sludge level have been presented,and the merits and demerits of different methods have been compared. The method of detecting by ultrasonic has been put forward based on characteristic and the need of measuring of sludge level.     

Recent progress in the study of intracellular toxicity of amyloid β peptide in Alzheimer's disease

Amyloid β (Aβ) deposition is one of the major pathological markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Extracellular Aβ toxicity has been studied for a long time in AD research field. However, controversial data show that extracellular Aβ load does not correlate with the dementia levels of AD patients and extracellular Aβ only induces significant cell death at non-physiological high concentrations. With the evolvement of Aβ hypothesis, considerable attention has been devoted to the study of intracellular Aβ toxicity recently. Intracellular Aβ induces dramatic cell loss in AD transgenic models and in human primary neurons (at pM concentrations) through p53, Bax and caspase-6 pathways. Here, we review the generation, toxicity and possible pathways of intracellular Aβ toxicity, and discuss the implication and current knowledge of intracellular Aβ in neuronal cell loss in neurodegenerative diseases.