多羟基超支化聚(胺-酯)修饰多壁碳纳米管

通过原位酯交换聚合反应,在多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)表面接枝多羟基超支化聚胺-脂取得成功.分步产物的结构用FTIR进行了表征,TGA确定了修饰类型为共价接枝,SEM观察到MWNTs改性前后的形貌变化,并首次采用化学滴定方法确定了接枝在碳纳米管上的超支化聚合物的平均代数.接枝修饰后的MWNTs在水、乙酸乙酯等常见溶剂中的分散能力明显提高.     

两步法修饰多壁碳纳米管

近年来由于碳纳米管具有优异的性能,对碳纳米管的修饰成为众多科学家研究的热点.通过简单的两步法将牛血清白蛋白单分子薄膜修饰在多壁碳纳米管表面.首先在多壁碳纳米管表面液相沉积一层二氧化硅,然后在二氧化硅表面再修饰蛋白质分子,经过交联形成一层蛋白质薄膜.用FTIR和XPS表征样品的成分,并用高分辨透射电镜观察修饰后样品的微观结构.这种方法不但简单还可用来在碳纳米管表面接枝别的生物大分子,二氧化硅性质稳定而且容易去除,所以这种简单的两步法对拓展碳纳米管在生物材料和生物医学等方面的应用具有一定的价值.     

基于杂化材料和碳纳米管的硝酸还原酶电极

介绍了一种基于有机-无机杂化材料和碳纳米管的硝酸还原酶电极的制备方法.杂化材料由巯基乙酸接枝聚乙烯醇和二氧化硅溶胶组成,碳纳米管和硝酸还原酶同时包埋在杂化材料中,利用甲基紫精为电子媒介,制得新型的安培型硝酸还原酶电极.此酶电极可以在-0.70V(vs SCE)下对硝酸根进行测定,碳纳米管的加入使响应电流增大了1倍左右.酶电极的线性范围为0.01～0.5mmol/L,检测限为1.13×10-6mol/L.平均响应时间为6.8 s左右.     

修饰碳纳米管对硼酚醛树脂摩擦性能的影响

采用共价接枝法制备了羧基化碳纳米管(MWCNTs -COOH)、二氨基二苯基甲烷修饰碳纳米管( MWCNTs -DDM)、硼酸化碳纳米管(MWCNTs- Borate)修饰碳纳米管(MWCNTs).通过原位聚合的方法制备了修饰碳纳米管/硼酚醛树脂.使用3种碳纳米管改性的树脂制备了摩擦材料并研究了其摩擦性能.结果表明,修饰碳纳米管的加入,有助于提高摩擦材料摩擦系数的稳定性,减小磨损率,改善热衰退性.其中添加质量分数为1％的MWCNTs- Borate的情况改善最大,磨损率减小43.2％,摩擦系数和磨损率衰退率仅为10.3％和28.6％,摩擦表面保持完好.     

聚乙二醇接枝多壁碳纳米管毛细管气相色谱柱的制备研究与应用

本研究采用“向碳纳米管接枝”方法将聚乙二醇 (PEG) 接枝到多壁碳纳米(MWCNTs)的表面,合成 PEG 修饰的多壁碳纳米管(PEG-g-MWCNTs)。通过FTIR,TEM,TGA,XPS 等手段表征了接枝前后产物的化学结构。证明PEG以共价键的方式成功接入碳纳米管表面,PEG的接枝率为14%。以PEG-g-MWCNTs作为固定相,采用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)的方法制备气相色谱毛细管柱。利用该柱成功分离了醇,烷烃,二甲苯的异构体。同商品PEG 20M毛细管色谱柱比较,PEG-g-MWCNTs色谱柱具有更强的保留能力和更好的分辨率。     

弯曲碳纳米管表面包覆偏硼酸锌单晶及其矫直碳管之机理

国际上首次在多壁碳纳米管表面生长了偏硼酸锌单晶包覆层. 通过SEM, TEM观察, 发现包覆后的碳纳米管-偏硼酸锌单晶复合棒直径从几十到几百纳米不等. 值得注意的是原本弯曲的碳纳米管在单晶包覆后变直了. 结合实验结果, 建立了一个二维模型, 对晶体在碳管表面成核及生长进行了解释, 并探讨了弯曲碳管被矫直的机理.     

超声分散法制备聚酰亚胺／碳纳米管复合材料

以3,3′4,4′-二苯甲酮四羧酸二酐(BTDA)及4, 4′-二氨基二苯基醚(ODA)为基本原料, 采用超声分散法,掺入碳纳米管,制备了聚酰亚胺/碳纳米管复合材料. 在不同超声时间、不同超声频率下对纳米粒子进行了分散研究,并对聚酰亚胺/碳纳米管复合材料结构表征,从力学性能,导电性能等方面进行了研究. 研究表明:超声频率325 Hz,超声时间90 min时,碳纳米管在聚酰亚胺膜中得到很好分散,聚酰亚胺/碳纳米管复合材料的力学性能和导电性能优于聚酰亚胺膜.     

羟基磷灰石/碳纳米管复合生物材料的制备与表征

为了赋予碳纳米管(CNTs)表面良好的生物性能,拓展CNTs在硬组织生物材料及组织工程支架材料中的应用,采用化学共沉淀和水热后处理法宏量制备了羟基磷灰石(HA)/多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)复合材料,通过调节制备过程中浓硝酸纯化的MWCNTs加入量,考察不同MWCNTs含量的HA/MWCNTs复合材料的结合形式.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)表征结果表明,当ω(MWCNTs)＝15%时,MWCNTs表面均匀地包覆了一层由纳米HA晶粒紧密相连的膜层,在此情况下MWCNTs与纳米HA形成最佳结合状态.体外细胞培养实验表明,制备的HA/MWCNTs复合材料具有良好的生物相容性.     

高剪切分散对多壁碳纳米管/VARTM用环氧树脂导电性能的影响

采用高剪切工艺促进了多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)在环氧树脂(EP)中的分散,借助真空辅助树脂传递模塑技术(VARTM)制备出MWNTs/EP复合材料试样,并研究在制备过程中采用不同高剪切工艺参数对复合材料导电性能的影响.结果表明,在一定范围内,随着高剪切时间或转速的增加,复合材料的导电性能呈现先升高后降低的趋势.在高剪切处理时间30min和转速22 000r/min时分别达到了高剪切时间和转速的最佳分散阈值,当MWNTs的添加量仅为1.5%时,EP的表面电阻率可以降低约5个数量级,但继续增加高剪切的时间或转速,复合材料的导电性能均出现劣化.同时运用扫描电镜(SEM)表征了多壁碳纳米管在环氧树脂中的分散情况.     

多壁碳纳米管氨基化修饰

将多壁碳纳米管高温处理除去无定形碳、然后用混酸（硫酸／硝酸）对碳纳米管进行表面羧基化．将羧基化碳纳米管与二氯亚砜反应得到酰氯化碳纳米管,然后将其分别与4,4＇-二氨基二苯砜（DDS）、1,3-二（3-氨丙基）-1,1,3,3-四甲基二甲硅醚（＆DA）、4＂,4＂＇-六氟异亚丙基-二（4-苯氧基苯胺）（FA）等二胺反应得到不同氨基化碳纳米管,FTIR,Raman,EDX,XRD,SEM,TGA分别对氨基化碳纳米管的结构与性能进行表征．通过对其在不同溶剂中的分散性的测试,氨基化碳纳米管在乙醇中的分散性明显优于未经修饰过的碳纳米管．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has