温度对活性炭纤维吸附苯酚的热力学和动力学性能的影响

实验考察不同温度下活性炭纤维(ACFs)对苯酚的静态吸附性能,利用Langmuir、Redlich-Peterson吸附等温模型和准二级动力学模型计算苯酚在ACFs上的动力学和热力学性能。结果表明:Redlich-Peterson吸附等温模型和准二级动力学模型能较好地描述吸附性能;升高温度,ACFs的最大吸附容量Q max减小,动力学吸附速率常数K2变大,吸附过程的吉布斯自由能ΔG的绝对值减小,吸附过程的焓变ΔH、熵变ΔS和吸附活化能E a分别为-10.2 kJ/mol、-23.6 J/(mol·K)和55.2 kJ/mol,吸附过程为物理吸附。     

ZrO_2电极表征及对4-氯酚电化学降解应用

采用浸渍法以氧氯化锆修饰颗粒活性炭,获得Zr-GAC.用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和比表面仪对等方法对修饰活性炭性能进行表征,结果表明:氧氯化锆负载在活性炭上为ZrO_2.以苯酚为去除目标,研究了Zr-GAC在电化学氧化处理4-氯酚模拟废水过程,实验结果表明:ZrGAC三维电极对4-氯酚具有降解作用,粒子电极投加量10 g,电解质硫酸钠浓度2 g/L、板间距4 cm,电流强度1 A,电解500 mg/L4-氯酚模拟废水300 ml,电解180 min时,4-氯酚去除率可达98.5%,降解过程中产生4-氯邻苯二酚、苯酚、对苯二酚、苯醌、反丁烯二酸、草酸.     

粒状活性炭对水中双酚A吸附性能的研究

研究了粒状活性炭(GAC)对水环境中内分泌干扰物双酚A(BPA)的吸附动力学和热力学特性,分别讨论了温度、溶液pH以及背景离子的存在等因素对整个吸附过程的影响。研究结果表明:在吸附开始阶段,不同质量的活性炭吸附速率均较大,约3 h达到吸附平衡。吸附量随着温度的升高而减小;当pH≥10时,吸附量随着双酚A的电离而减小;背景离子的存在使得吸附量下降。活性炭对双酚A的吸附过程遵循二级动力学方程。用Langmuir方程可以比较好的对吸附等温线进行拟合;对吸附热力学研究表明:ΔH0,说明吸附为放热过程;ΔG0,说明双酚A倾向于从溶液中吸附到活性炭表面,反应过程是自发进行的;ΔS0,说明吸附过程对溶液体系属于熵减小的过程,活性炭对双酚A的吸附比解吸强烈。     

污泥活性炭对活性艳红K-2BP染料的吸附特性研究

以城市污水处理厂脱水污泥作为原料，采用化学活化法（ZnCl₂作为活化剂）制得污泥活性炭，并将其用于吸附活性艳红K-2BP染料.考察了吸附剂投加量、吸附时间和pH值对吸附效果的影响，并对其吸附动力学和热力学特性进行了探讨. 结果表明，所制得的污泥活性炭的碘吸附值为326mg^.g^-1，产率为51.31%，BET比表面积为298m^2.g^-1，具有中孔性和开放的孔结构，浸出液重金属含量不超标；污泥活性炭对活性艳红K-2BP的吸附动力学符合二阶段吸附速率方程和伪二级动力学方程；此吸附为优惠吸附，Langmuir等温方程比Freundlich等温方程更适合于描述此吸附行为；此吸附是一个吸热过程（吸附焓ΔH>0），提高温度有利于吸附的进行，吸附自发进行（吸附自由能ΔG<0），吸附熵ΔS总是正值.     

温度对4-氯酚在厌氧颗粒污泥上吸附性能的影响

为考察温度对生物吸附性能的影响,采用传统的静态试验方法,以4-氯酚为吸附质,厌氧颗粒污泥为吸附剂,研究了温度对4-氯酚在厌氧颗粒污泥上吸附性能的影响。实验结果表明,不同温度下4-氯酚在厌氧颗粒污泥上的吸附可以很好地用Langmuir吸附等温方程(L方程)和Freundlich吸附等温方程(F方程)进行描述。L方程和F方程的相关系数R2分别在0.92～0.99和0.82～0.97之间,25℃时达到最高,分别为0.97(L方程)和0.99(F方程)。结果还表明,温度是影响4-氯酚在厌氧颗粒污泥上吸附的重要因素,随着温度的增高,平衡吸附量降低,4-氯酚在厌氧颗粒污泥上的吸附过程为放热过程。     

温度对4-氯酚在厌氧颗粒污泥上吸附性能的影响

为考察温度对生物吸附性能的影响,采用传统的静态试验方法,以4-氯酚为吸附质,厌氧颗粒污泥为吸附剂,研究了温度对4-氯酚在厌氧颗粒污泥上吸附性能的影响。实验结果表明:不同温度下4-氯酚在厌氧颗粒污泥上的吸附可以很好地用Langmuir吸附等温方程(L方程)和Freundlich吸附等温方程(F方程)进行描述。L方程和F方程的相关系数R2分别在0.92～0.99和0.82～0.97之间,25℃时达到最高,分别为0.97(L方程)和0.99(F方程)。结果还表明,温度是影响4-氯酚在厌氧颗粒污泥上吸附的重要因素,随着温度的增高,平衡吸附量降低,4-氯酚在厌氧颗粒污泥上的吸附过程为放热过程。     

硅钾矿肥不溶残余物对重金属离子吸附特征

通过模拟植物根际酸性环境制得硅钾矿肥不溶残余物,研究了水溶液的pH值对Cu2 的吸附性能的影响和吸附机理。结果表明,不溶残余物对Cu2 的吸附符合Freundlich吸附等温式,吸附符合二级吸附动力学,其吸附过程由孔隙的内扩散控制,求出了有效扩散系数;温度升高,吸附平衡量增大,其吸附过程是吸热过程,求出反应的焓变ΔH和熵变ΔS、各温度下的吉布斯自由能变化ΔG。     

纳米Fe_3O_4表面聚合磁微粒对芴和荧蒽的吸附性能研究

以表面聚合法制备纳米Fe_3O_4表面聚合磁微粒,研究纳米Fe_3O_4表面聚合磁微粒对芴和荧蒽的吸附热力学和动力学特性.结果表明,纳米Fe_3O_4表面聚合磁微粒对芴和荧蒽等温吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程.在5 22 mg/L浓度范围内,纳米Fe_3O_4表面聚合磁微粒对芴和荧蒽的吸附行为符合Langmuir等温方程,30 60℃温度范围内,吸附自由能ΔG0,吸附焓变ΔH0,吸附熵变ΔS0,表明吸附是一个自发的、吸热的熵增过程.     

NKA大孔吸附树脂对甘草酸三铵盐吸附的动力学和热力学研究

本文通过静态吸附实验,研究了NKA大孔吸附树脂吸附甘草酸三铵盐过程的吸附动力学和吸附热力学特征,以期为甘草酸大孔吸附树脂分离提纯提供理论支持。实验采用紫外可见分光光度法测定了吸附动力学曲线和不同温度时的吸附等温线,用拟二级动力学方程很好地描述了吸附动力学过程,使用Langmuir方程较好地拟合了等温吸附热力学过程。实验结果显示:NKA大孔吸附树脂对甘草酸三铵盐吸附焓变ΔH吸附和熵变ΔS吸附为正值,自由能变ΔG为负值,吸附活化能为Ea=36.01kJ/mol;该吸附过程是自发的吸热过程,属于物理吸附范畴。     

不同土壤对水体中4-氯酚的吸附行为研究

采集不同土质土壤,以恒温振荡模拟土壤对4-氯酚的流动吸附,分光光度法测定,研究了4-氯酚在花土、草坪土、湖边泥土等不同种类土壤和同类不同成分配比土壤中的吸附行为。结果表明:4-氯酚与土壤溶液接触振荡前2~3h进行吸附阶段,很快吸附到土壤颗粒表面,吸附量迅速增加,溶液中4-氯酚浓度降低,吸附平衡时间约为3~6h。随着反应的进行,土壤中较易吸附的疏水位点逐渐被4-氯酚占据,4-氯酚开始向土壤内部不易吸附的疏水位点,吸附速度开始减缓,溶液中4-氯酚浓度变化不大。3种土壤中草坪土对4-氯酚的吸附能力最强;对于含不同配比腐殖酸的花土,随着腐殖酸的含量增加,土壤对4-氯酚的吸附能力也逐渐增强。4-氯酚在混土2中的吸附系数Kd为0.036mL/g,有机碳吸附常数KOC为4.235mL/g,具有很强的移动性;4-氯酚在花土中的吸附系数Kd为0.017 3mL/g,有机碳吸附常数KOC为2.477mL/g,具有很强的移动性;4-氯酚在泥土中的吸附系数Kd为1.55mL/g,有机碳吸附常数KOC为310.02mL/g,具有中等的移动性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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