以新型杯[4]芳烃衍生物为载体的铅离子选择性膜电极

研究了以杯[4]芳烃衍生物（25,27-二[-3-（5-甲基噻二唑基）硫代丙氧基]-26,28-二羟基-5,11,17,23-四叔丁基杯[4]芳烃）为载体的PVC铅离子选择电极的响应行为,结果表明：此电极对Pb^2＋具有优良的能斯特响应性能,在10^-5～10^-1mol／L的浓度范围内,响应斜率为30．4mV／decade,检测下限为3．1×10^-6mol／L,碱金属、碱土金属及大多数过渡金属离子对铅离子的测定无干扰,电极有较好的稳定性和重现性．该电极可在体积分数不大于20％的甲醇水溶液中使用,可作为准确滴定铅离子的电位滴定指示电极,并能用于实际样品中铅含量的直接测定．     

下缘含有二硫代氨甲酰基结构单元的杯[4]芳烃的合成

文中以对叔丁基苯酚,1,2-二溴乙烷和二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠为主要原料,经过多步反应合成了两个下缘含有二硫代氨甲酰基结构单元的杯[4]芳烃衍生物:25,27-二[2-(N,N-二乙基氨基二硫代甲酰基)乙氧基]-26,28-二羟基对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃(化合物5)和25,27-二[2-(N,N-二乙基氨基二硫代甲酰基)乙氧基]-26,28-二羟基杯[4]芳烃(化合物6),并通过1H NM R和IR对化合物5和6的结构经进行了表征.合成条件优化实验结果表明,当以丙酮为溶剂时,25,27-二(2-溴乙氧基)-26,28-二羟基杯[4]芳烃(化合物4)与二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠的物质的量的比为1∶3.5、反应时间为16 h条件下,化合物6的产率最高可达75.3%.对化合物6光谱性质的初步研究表明其对Zn2+离子具有较好的识别能力.     

杯芳烃改性壳聚糖对钕离子的吸附性能

采用杯[8]、杯[6]、杯[4]芳烃对壳聚糖颗粒进行包覆改性,并对钕离子吸附性能进行了研究.研究发现,杯芳烃主要靠氢键与壳聚糖作用而包覆于壳聚糖表面,杯[6]和杯[8]芳烃包覆壳聚糖对钕离子的吸附量均远高于壳聚糖,而杯[4]芳烃包覆壳聚糖对钕离子的吸附量则较低,但在钕离子的平衡浓度较低时对钕离子的吸附仍高于壳聚糖.同时还研究了杯芳烃包覆壳聚糖的吸附量和pH值的关系.     

多壁碳纳米管-离子液体修饰电极测定Cu~（2＋）

采用涂覆法制备多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）-离子液体（[BMIM]PF6）修饰电极,研究Cu2＋在该修饰电极上的阳极溶出伏安行为。考察了实验条件对Cu2＋电化学行为的影响。研究表明,Cu2＋在修饰电极上可得到灵敏的溶出峰。在优化的实验条件下,Cu2＋在1.0×10-6～1.0×10-5mol/L浓度范围内与其氧化峰电流呈...     

新型主体β-CD-杯[4]芳烃衍生物的合成和结构表征

为探寻具有协同识别效应的超分子主体,设计合成了β-CD与杯[4]芳烃偶联物.通过叔丁基杯[4]芳烃与自制的3-甲氧基-4-(2-溴乙氧基)-苯甲醛反应,得到下沿含游离醛基的中间体1,3-双[4-甲酰基取代苯基]对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃衍生物2;2与N-(2-胺乙基)-氨基去氧-β-CD 4进行亲核反应,获得新型主体分子β-...     

对-甲基杯[4]芳烃激光光解的研究

研究了对－甲基杯[4]芳烃在环己烷和乙腈中的激光光解行为,在环己烷中观察到４２００nm及５４０nm附近的杯芳烃激发三线态吸收峰,极性溶剂乙腈对该三核态有稳定作用,吸收峰显著红移,其三线态双峰特征与不带取取代基的杯[4]芳烃相近,同时发现在３３０nm附近杯芳烃自由基吸收峰,其动力学分析表明,该自由基按二级动力学衰减。     

石墨填充磷化铁复合碳电极性能研究

以磷化铁和石墨为导电材料制备复合型碳电极,研究了石墨和磷化铁填充量对复合电极的电阻和循环伏安性能的影响,分别在浓度均为1mmol.L-1的K4[Fe(CN)6]溶液和对苯二酚溶液中循环伏安扫描.结果表明:复合电极电阻随着磷化铁含量的增加而增大,(1)在K4[Fe(CN)6]溶液中,当磷化铁含量为5%时,电极表面的氧化还原峰的对称性和可逆性较好,其氧化峰电流与扫描速度的ν1/2成线性关系,其线性方程为Ipa/(μA)=7.701ν1/2-1.295(r2=0.973),表明复合碳电极表面的氧化还原过程受扩散过程控制;(2)在对苯二酚溶液中,复合电极对对苯二酚具有良好的电催化活性,在对苯二酚的浓度为5×10-6～25×10-6 mol.L-1范围内,线性回归方程为Ipa/(μA)=18.60+1.90C(μmol.L-1),r2=0.994,检出限为9.76×10-7 mol.L-1.连续8次测定对苯二酚在复合碳电极上的重现性良好.     

对[(对叔丁基苯基)-偶氮基]杯[4]芳烃的合成

以杯[4]芳烃和对叔丁基苯胺为原料,经重氮化-偶合反应,合成了对[(对叔丁基苯基)-偶氮基]杯[4]芳烃,通过IR,~1HNMR对其结构进行了表征,并对其性质进行了初步研究.     

硫脲基和席夫碱基取代的硫杂杯[4]芳烃的设计与合成

对叔丁基硫杂杯[4]芳烃-1,3-二醛基衍生物与苯基氨基硫脲发生"1 2"缩合反应,合成了含硫脲基和席夫碱基的新型硫杂杯[4]芳烃衍生物,后处理简单,产率达85%.新化合物的结构经元素分析、1H NMR和ESI-MS等表征证实.     

多壁碳纳米管石墨糊修饰电极阳极溶出伏安法测定铜

制备了MWNT-石墨糊修饰电极,研究了以该电极为工作电极,用阳极溶出伏安法测定Cu2 的最佳实验条件.在0.6mol/L硫酸溶液中,于-0.6V(vs.SCE)处富集420s后进行阳极溶出伏安扫描.Cu2 浓度在1×10-6-2×10-5mo/L范围内与峰电流成线性关系;在5×10-7-4×10-6mo/L范围内与峰电流二次导数呈线性关系.检出限为1.25×10-7mol/L.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that