空间含铰可展桁架结构的非线性动力学建模与分析

综合考虑间隙、非线性刚度、摩擦及碰撞阻尼,建立了铰链等效模型,并基于该等效模型建立了含铰可展桁架结构动力学模型。根据铰链的变拓扑结构特点,提出了适用于解决时变非线性动力学问题的附加力方法,对多自由度平面和空间可展桁架进行了动力学仿真,得到了可展桁架的动力学响应。通过设置不同铰链参数和外部激振条件,分析了不同间隙、激振力、摩擦力对含铰可展桁架频率和幅值的影响,结果表明:间隙和激振力增大可导致桁架固有频率降低,响应幅值增大;摩擦力增大可提高桁架的固有频率。多单元桁架伸展臂的动力学试验结果验证了文中建立的含铰可展桁架动力学模型的正确性。     

基于小波变换的含间隙太阳能帆板动力学试验分析

为了有效地提取含间隙可展结构振动信号中所包含的动力学特征量,在分析传统Fourier方法局限性的基础上,引入基于小波变换的数据处理和分析方法。对含间隙太阳能帆板在收拢和展开状态下施加单脉冲的激励,测试标志点的加速度信号,系统地分析了间隙对动力学性能的影响。结果表明:小波变换能够较好地表征含间隙可展结构的时频特征信息,可以得到系统的频带以及各个频度衰减的速度和时间。实现了对航天可展结构动力学性能在时频域内的“精细”考察,将有助于提高航天器结构的分析与设计水平。     

太阳翼可展结构频率的重力势影响

为了研究重力势对含锁定间隙的空间可展结构动力学性能的影响,该文以太阳翼为对象进行了结构响应学实验研究。分别在只有单块帆板和两块帆板通过铰链相连接的情况下进行了不同安装方式的对比实验。实验发现单板水平安装时的低阶振动频率比垂直安装时低,这说明重力势的方向性改变了结构的固有频率。而双板太阳翼实验表明:无论何种安装方式,第一阶峰值频率变化不大;但不同安装方式的太阳翼高阶频率均发生改变。与单板实验结果相比较,系统中锁定刚度是影响双板太阳翼结构频率的主因。     

晃车偏差的原因分析及病害整治办法

目前,为了更科学地指导线路维修、掌握线路状态,我国铁路部门在很多机车上安装了车载式晃车仪,我段管内许多机车也安装了车载式晃车仪,通过检测机车车体振动加速度的大小来评价线路质量状态,车体振动加速度分为两种垂直振动加速度和水平振动加速度,该文通过分析影响车体振动加速度的因素,提出对线路病害的整治方法.     

考虑杆件柔性和铰间隙的可展结构动力学数值模拟

为了保证空间可展结构可靠地运行,需精确预测在轨运行中可展结构动力学性能,在动力学模型中应考虑铰间隙和构件柔性的影响。该文采用间隙铰的非线性弹簧阻尼模型,构造可展结构动力学方程。分别对理想连接铰、考虑铰间隙、以及考虑构件柔性等3种情况的典型可展结构进行动力学模拟。仿真结果表明间隙和构件柔性对可展结构动力学性能有较大影响:连接间隙导致销轴与孔体产生一系列内碰撞,且初始碰撞接触力较大;考虑构件柔性后,间隙处产生的碰撞力减小,接触时间增长,销轴与孔体的接触碰撞区域扩大;间隙还引起了中心体姿态角速度的扰动。     

交通荷载作用下锚固公路边坡动力响应

锚杆支护边坡在交通振动下的设计主要采用拟静力的方法,无法考虑锚杆和边坡在交通振动下的影响。通过分析交通振动,借助有限差分软件FLAC3D,对锚固公路边坡在交通振动作用下进行动力响应分析。通过对某处半山腰的盘山公路路面施加竖直向下的交通振动,研究锚杆支护公路边坡响应位移、锚杆响应轴力、坡体内响应加速度的变化。研究结果表明:在交通荷载振动下,未支护边坡随着振幅的增加,坡体位移量增加,增加范围在10-2 mm以内,振动影响整个坡面范围,锚杆支护后的边坡位移增加范围在10-3 mm以内,振动影响在距路面竖直距离8m以内;锚杆轴力最大值出现在距路面较近的位置,在距路面0~8m内,响应锚杆轴力较大,超过此范围锚杆轴力在100N以内变化;公路以下坡面各层锚杆轴力最大值出现在埋深6~7m范围内,公路以上坡面出现在埋深2~3m处;随着埋深的增加,坡体内响应加速度迅速衰减,且响应垂直加速度的衰减幅度要略大于水平加速度的衰减幅度。     

不同场地土条件下地铁引起的环境振动分析

目的 研究城市地铁轨道交通引发周边场地振动的影响规律,从而为邻近建筑物的振动舒适度评价、振害分析以及减隔振措施的有效应用提供环境振动信息。方法 基于ABAQUS建立“土层-隧道”有限元模型,计算考虑轨道不平顺因素的地铁列车动力荷载,采用VDLOAD子程序模拟列车的运行过程,进而对不同场地类别、不同列车速度及不同隧道轨道埋深等影响条件下,列车运行诱发的地面振动响应进行比较分析。结果 水平向加速度峰值响应在距离地铁轨道中心20 m处达到最大值,随后在横向距离为20～40 m的区间内迅速衰减;垂直向加速度峰值响应的最大值出现在距离地铁轨道中心0 m处,并在横向距离20 m内迅速衰减至其1/10左右。结论 场地效应的水平向加速度峰值响应呈现先增大后减小的“驼峰”趋势,而垂直向加速度峰值响应则呈现“单调递减”趋势;场地土类别对不同车速所引发的场地效应的差异性产生影响;场地振动效应总体上随隧道轨道埋深的增加而不断减小。     

落地式钢拱桁架体系弹塑性地震响应研究

采用集中塑性铰理论和SAP2000结构分析软件,对某拟建大跨钢拱桁架结构整体进行在地震波作用下的弹塑性地震响应分析。分析中考虑了几何和材料双重非线性影响,获得了节点位移响应、杆件塑性铰的分布特征、结构的整体变形、失效形态及结构延性系数,评定了该结构的极限承载力、失效类型和变形能力。结果表明,该结构在地震波下的失效界限地震加速度峰值为1 000gal,失效时最大竖向变形为短向跨度的1/200,可满足"避难与救灾建筑结构"的抗震性能设防的要求;结构的失效类型为延性强度破坏,临界失效时出现塑性铰的杆件分布较均匀;结构各方向延性系数均大于4,具有较好的变形能力;由整体稳定控制承载力的落地式钢拱桁架结构体系具有较大的抗震潜能,跨度60m的空间拱桁架结构体系,用钢量46.1kg/m2就可达到8度设防区灾难地震设防810gal的要求。     

多工况激励下大跨度钢结构高铁站房振动响应的现场实测研究

基于太原南站钢结构站房健康监测系统,对站房结构在列车进站、出站、过站工况,人群检票进站工况以及施工荷载工况下钢结构站房的实测加速度响应数据进行分析,考察不同测试工况下钢结构站房的振动响应特性。结果表明:结构竖向加速度响应频率与列车加载频率呈倍频关系,站房在列车过站工况激励下的响应明显大于列车进站、出站工况,且均不会引起结构的显著振动;人群步频的1倍频与2倍频易激起结构竖向振动,但受步速限制,其等效峰值加速度(ESPA)最大值未超过规范限值;施工荷载激励频率在10 Hz以上,易激起X形钢柱竖向振动;等效峰值加速度曲线能较好反映加速度响应幅值的变化趋势,可用来评估大跨度站房结构的舒适度水平。     

水平方向扰流器对海底管道绕流流场及振动抑制效果研究

研究了深海海底悬跨管道安装水平方向扰流器。计算分析了层流状态下管道与海床壁面间隙分别为不同间隙比时管道层流区绕流流场及振动特征的变化情况,并与未安装扰流器的悬跨管道进行对比分析评价水平扰流器对海底悬跨管道振动抑制效果。此外,还探讨分析了不同结构尺寸的扰流器对管道振动抑制效果。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~