明胶水溶液静电纺丝成形研究

以水为溶剂制备明胶溶液进行静电纺丝,在60 ℃～65 ℃纺得明胶超细纤维,探讨了溶液质量分数、静电电压及纤网收集距离等因素对明胶/水溶液体系静电纺丝成形的影响。结果表明,在60 ℃及65 ℃时,明胶溶液的黏度随其质量分数的增加而大幅上升,呈2次指数关系;随着明胶溶液质量分数的降低（从25%降到15%）,所得纤维平均直径减少（从266.5 nm降为167.7 nm）;随着静电纺丝电压升高,纤维直径下降,当电压大于17 kV以后其变化趋于平缓;改变静电纺丝收集距离,从11 cm到21cm,电纺所得的纤维直径为165～210 nm,变化幅度不大。     

静电纺丝聚丙烯腈纳米纤维工艺参数与纤维直径关系的研究

采用静电纺丝方法来纺制聚丙烯腈（PAN）纳米纤维毡研究了质量分数、电压、针孔孔径、纺丝液中LCl的含量、接受距离等参数对纤维直径及离散度的影响，采用扫描电镜来观察纤维的直径及其形态。采用正交试验设计法，发现纺丝液的质量分数与纺丝液中LiCl的含量是影响纤维直径最重要的参数。经过优化，纺制出最小直径为98nm的纳米纤维。     

环氧化SBS静电纺丝的研究

以苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯（SBS）和过氧化氢为原料,制备环氧基质量分数为10%的环氧化SBS（ESBS）.利用红外光谱对ESBS结构进行表征.通过研究纺丝溶剂、纺丝液质量分数、外加电压和接收距离等对纤维形态结构的影响,制备纳米级到微米级ESBS电纺纤维.结果表明四氢呋喃（THF）和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）混合溶剂是电纺ESBS的优良溶剂.在THF/DMF（质量比=3∶1）纺丝溶剂,纺丝液质量分数为10%,外加电压23kV及接收距离28cm时,所制得ESBS电纺纤维形态较好,纤维平均直径为302nm,最小直径可达70nm.     

明胶水溶液的静电纺丝成形

以水为溶剂制备明胶溶液进行静电纺丝,在60～65℃纺得明胶超细纤维,探讨了明胶用量、静电电压及纤网收集距离等因素对明胶水溶液静电纺丝成形的影响．结果表明：在60～65℃范围内,明胶溶液的黏度随明胶用量的增加而大幅上升,呈2次指数关系;随明胶用量的降低（从25％降到15％）,所得纤维平均直径减小（从266．5nm降为167．7nm）;随静电纺丝电压的升高,纤维直径下降,当电压大于17kV后其变化趋于平缓;静电纺丝收集距离在11～21cm之间变化时,所得的纤维直径在165～210nm之间,变化幅度不大．     

PVDF/SiO2复合纳米纤维膜的制备及性能研究

采用静电纺丝技术,以聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）为原料,掺杂不同质量纳米二氧化硅（SiO2）,制备PVDF/SiO2复合纳米纤维膜,研究分析复合纳米纤维膜的形貌、化学结构、晶型转变、拉伸性能和压电性能。结果表明：PVDF质量分数为10 %时,纤维平均直径为(473.97 ± 71.10)nm,纤网成膜良好,微观形貌清晰,PVDF/SiO2复合纳米纤维膜的直径范围为(514.96 ~ 834.16) nm,且纤维表面有颗粒状凸起;PVDF/SiO2复合纳米纤维膜的拉伸强力随纳米SiO2质量分数增大呈先增大后减小趋势,当纳米SiO2质量分数为0.3 %时,强力为(7.94 ± 0.68) N;静电纺丝的电场作用使PVDF由α晶型转变为β晶型,具备压电性能,输出电压值随纳米SiO2质量分数增大先上升后下降,当纳米SiO2质量分数为0.3 %时输出电压值最大,可达(2.00± 0.11)V。     

静电纺丝技术制备TiO_2纳米纤维的研究

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的乙醇溶液为基体,加入体积分数为6%的钛酸异丙酯,制得前驱体溶液,在高电场强度下用静电纺丝法制备了PVP/Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4复合纳米纤维,经600℃高温煅烧得到金红石和锐钛矿混杂的二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米纤维,直径约150～200 nm.研究了不同电纺参数对PVP/Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4复合纳米纤维的形貌的影响.通过差热-热重分析(TG-DSC)、红外光谱(IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)等分析测试手段对制得的TiO2纳米纤维进行表征.     

静电纺丝法制备Fe_2O_3/TiO_2复合纳米纤维及光催化性能研究

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、钛酸正丁酯和氯化铁为前驱体,利用静电纺丝法制备了Fe2O3/Ti O2复合纳米纤维.采用SEM,XRD,FT-IR和UV-Vis DRS等测试手段对纤维的形貌和结构进行了表征.通过对罗丹明B染料的光催化降解实验,探讨了煅烧温度和Fe2O3的含量对光催化性能的影响.结果表明:Fe2O3/Ti O2复合纳米纤维中Fe3+进入到Ti O2的晶格,从而改变了Ti O2的光谱响应范围.煅烧温度为600℃,0.5%(质量分数)Fe2O3含量的Fe2O3/Ti O2复合纳米纤维,在可见光范围具有良好的光催化活性.     

聚醚砜电纺纳米纤维结构与形态的研究

利用静电纺丝方法制备了聚醚砜(PES)纳米纤维,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其形态与结构进行了表征.研究了纺丝过程中溶液质量分数对纤维形态结构的影响.结果表明,溶液质量分数在16%-22%时,能够进行静电纺丝,且纤维直径会随质量分数的增加而增加,珠粒结构会随质量分数的增加而减少.     

纳米纤维基可水洗口罩的制备及性能

以不同质量分数的聚酰胺酸(PAA)溶液为前驱体，采用静电纺丝法制备不同结构的PAA纳米纤维膜，并对其微观形貌进行表征。结果表明，当PAA的质量分数为20%时，静电纺纳米纤维表面光滑且直径均匀。测试不同面密度下PAA纳米纤维膜的过滤性能及力学性能，结果显示，面密度为5 g/m²的PAA纳米纤维膜具有较为优异的过滤性能及力学性能。进一步探究热交联工艺对聚酰亚胺(PI)纳米纤维膜成型的影响，并将逐级交联20 min处理后的PI纳米纤维膜与熔喷层、针织层复合，得到具有多层结构的纳米纤维防护口罩，结果表明，口罩的初始过滤效率高达98.1%,水洗30次后仍可保持81.8%的过滤效率。由此可见，PI纳米纤维膜具有优异的结构稳定性与过滤性能，对提升口罩的耐水洗性具有重要意义。     

静电纺丝法制备聚己内酯/石墨烯复合材料纳米纤维

利用静电纺丝方法制备了聚己内酯(PCL)/石墨烯复合纳米纤维,对电纺纳米纤维的表面微观形貌、热性能和力学性能等进行了表征,并研究了石墨烯的加入量、PCL浓度、电纺电压、接收距离等参数对复合纤维性能的影响.研究结果表明:当加入石墨烯质量分数为0.27%时,得到的电纺纳米纤维的力学性能提高最大,拉伸强度增加48.6%,杨氏模量增加66.0%;当PCL质量分数为11%,电纺电压为28kV,接收距离为35cm,电纺液流速为6mL/h时,电纺过程稳定,可以得到直径均匀的纳米纤维.     

明胶纳米纤维膜的交联及其降解性能

在不同配比的乙醇/水溶液中,应用1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐/N-羟     

聚苯胺纳米纤维的界面聚合法合成及电化学电容行为

利用盐酸和四氯化碳的水/油两相界面,通过界面聚合法合成具有良好纳米纤维结构的聚苯胺,用这种聚苯胺纳米纤维为活性物质制备电极,以1 mol/L H2SO4水溶液为电解液组装超级电容器,通过恒电流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等技术研究其电化学电容行为。研究结果表明,合成的聚苯胺的直径为50～100 nm,长度为500nm至几微米不等,且纤维之间相互交织缠绕,形成网状形貌;聚苯胺纳米纤维电极材料的功率特性与循环性能优于用传统化学氧化法合成的颗粒状聚苯胺材料的性能,在5 mA放电电流下,其比电容可达317 F/g,20mA放电电流下比电容仍维持300 F/g左右,500次循环容量衰减在4%以内。     

Preparation and mineralization of PLGA/Gt electrospun fiber mats

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)/gelatin(Gt) ultrafine composite fibers were fabricated via electro-spinning.The effect of gelatin on the morphology and tensile property of the electrospun fiber mats was investigated.Mineralization was carried out in 10×simulated body fluid(10SBF).The deposited calcium phosphate(CaP) was identified by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).Results indicated that the av...     

Disc-Electrospun PCL Nanofiber Formed Micro-patterned Structure Scaffold

Disc-electrospinning using a disc as spinneret and a rotary drum as collector is a novel technology to prepare nanofiber which has been applied in tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, nanofibrous mats with mlcro-patterned structure were fabricated via disc-electrospinning. Poly （ε-eaprolactone） （PCL） was dissolved in trifluoroethanol （TFE） at various concentrations （ 2 %-7 % ） （w/v） for electrospinning and the applied voltage ranged from 40 to 70 kV. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） was employed to observe the morphology of the nanofibrous scaffolds. SEM images illustrated that the nanofibers with beads formed micro-patterned structure such as triangles and other polygons. The average diameter of nanofibers presented various size with the concentration increased from 2% to 7%. The beads on the nanofibers constructed the vertexes of the polygons, while nanofibers bridged between adjacent vertexes. The concentration of solution and applied voltage may be two dominant factors to influence the topological structure of the nanofibrons scaffolds. Cells cultured on the micro-patterned scaffold spread along the edges of the polygons. The scaffold with patterned structure may have a promising application in tissue engineering.     

明胶-十二烷基硫酸钠复配体系表面活性的研究

对明胶－十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)复配体系,研究了SDS浓度、明胶浓度、明胶种类及分子量对其表面活性的影响。实验结果表明,随着SDS浓度的增加,体系的表面张力降低,并在其变化曲线中有一“平台”区域,同时体系的乳化力增大,其乳化力顺序为纯SDS溶液>水解皮明胶－SDS>水解骨明胶－SDS>骨明胶－SDS>皮明胶－SDS体系;各体系的起泡力及其稳定性亦随之增大。而明胶浓度的增加导致了各明胶－SDS体系表面张力的增大,且明胶浓度对大分子明胶体系的影响较之小分子明胶体系要大;明胶浓度的增加降低了体系的泡沫稳定性;但明胶浓度及其种类、分子量对体系的乳化力影响不大。     

Covalently immobilized gelatin gradients within three-dimensional porous scaffolds

A stable gelatin gradient providing continuous increment of signaling for cell adhesion and proliferation was fabricated within 3D poly（L-lactic acid） （PLLA） scaffolds. The porous PLLA scaffold fabricated by NaCI particle leaching was vertically fixed on a glass vial. 1,6-Hexanediamine/propanol solution was continuously injected into the vial by a micropump to aminolyze the PLLA scaffold. As a result of reaction time difference, the introduced -NH2 groups increased continuously along with the longitude of the PLLA scaffold in the z-direction. After covalent immobilization of gelatin by glutaraldehyde coupling, the gelatin gradient scaffold was thus obtained. In vitro chondrocyte culture showed that the cells had higher viability and more extending morphology in the gelatin gradient scaffold than that in the uniform gelatin control.     

明胶膜醇／水渗透汽化性能的研究

用牛骨胶制备明胶膜,用于乙醇/水混合物的渗透汽化分离研究,结果表明,该膜在常温下分离85％乙醇时运行3h便可到达稳定操作状态;料液中醇含量增大、膜的分离系数提高但通量下降;而温度升高或汽相侧真空度提高都能导致膜通量与分离系数的同时提高。     

Efficient adsorption of As(V) on poly(acrylo-amidino ethylene amine) nanofiber membranes

Poly(acrylo-amidino ethylene amine) (PAEA) nanofiber membranes have been synthesized by combining the electrospinning technique and subsequent chemical modification. The membranes were used to remove As(V) from aqueous solution. The adsorption kinetics, equilibrium isotherms, and pH effect were investigated in batch experiments. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second-order kinetic models agree well with the experimental data. The PAEA nanofibers are effective for As(V) adsorption at pH 3. Experimental results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of the PAEA nanofibers with As(V) is 76.92 mg g-1 , which is much higher than that of the PAEA microfibers (27.62 mg g-1 ). The adsorption rate of PAEA nanofibers is faster than that of PAEA microfibers due to its higher specific surface area. The PAEA nanofibers can be used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of As(V) in aqueous solution due to high adsorption capacity and short adsorption time to achieve equilibrium.     

用弯曲的纳米光纤定点输送和释放聚苯乙烯微球

提出了用弯曲的纳米光纤定点输送和释放聚苯乙烯微球的方法。纳米光纤是由标准单模光纤通过热熔法拉制而成,其直径为600 nm。由理论分析可知,激光在弯曲的纳米光纤中传输时,由于弯曲损耗的存在,当激光强度小于临界值,光力将不足以稳定地将微球捕获到光纤表面,并使之沿着光的传播方向运动时,微球将脱离光纤表面的束缚,被释放到水溶液中。该技术可用于沿光纤运动的微颗粒的定点输送和释放。