自模式曲线分辨红外光度法用于咖啡碱—茶碱混合物的不分离定量测定

本文研究了自模式曲线分辩红外光度法及其在多组分结构相似混合物同时定量测定中的应用.测定不同配比(10:1至1:10)咖啡碱—茶碱混合物组分,平均回收率分别为99.2±3.6%与99.1±2.8%,测定雀巢咖啡中咖啡碱的结果为3.37±0.093%.     

骆马湖诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星归趋及风险评估

以骆马湖为研究对象,针对诺氟沙星(NOR)和氧氟沙星(OFL)开展野外原观,探查NOR和OFL的水土分配特征与归趋行为,并评估其可能的湖泊水生态风险和人体健康风险．结果表明,骆马湖NOR和OFL分配系数K_p的范围分别为77.55～943.16 L·kg^-1和382.35～3 787.88 L·kg^-1.NOR和OFL环境归趋存在显著差异：NOR在湖滨带呈现从沉积物向上覆水迁移的趋势,其余点位均处于相间平衡状态,而OFL总体表现出沉积物内源释放的行为特征;两者的逸度分数a和lg K_p均为显著线性正相关,其中NOR的a随lg K_p的增长响应更为明显．骆马湖NOR和OFL对藻类的生态风险分别处于中、低风险水平(上覆水相含量),和高、中风险水平(沉积物相含量),但对水蚤和鱼类均不造成生态风险;两种抗生素对人体健康影响基本处于低风险状态．     

反相高效液相色谱法测定PELA微粒中胰岛素含量

为测定PELA微粒中胰岛素含量,建立反相高效液相色谱方法. 以Zorbax300SB-C18高效液相色谱柱分离;检测波长为220 nm;流动相组成为:V(H2O(含φ(TFA)＝0.15%))∶V(CH3CN)＝66∶34;保留时间为4.3 min. 结果在ρ(胰岛素)为10～200 μg/mL范围内,峰面积(A)与胰岛素质量浓度(ρ)成线性变化,其线性方程为:ρ=7.82×10-2A +9.88×10-2,相关系数r=0.999 95. 日内差和日间差分别为0.6%和0.7%. 当ρ(胰岛素)为60, 80和100 μg/mL时的回收率分别为(98.1±0.5)%, (99.6±1.5)%和(99.4±1.0)%(n＝6). 测得胰岛素在PELA微粒中的包封率为(56.3±3.3)%(n＝6).     

混合炸药中TNT与HNS的分离和测定

用反相高效液相色谱法(RP—HPLC)快速分离和定量测定混合炸药中高含量的梯恩梯(TNT)和低含量的六硝基芪(HNS),其平均回收率TNT为99.06±1.55％,HNS为97.43±2.70％。该法也可配合产品检验。     

单组分胰岛素的制备及质量分析

单峰胰岛素经DEAE 琼脂糖快流速离子交换层析后用醋酸锌结晶,得到结晶单组分胰岛素.层析和结晶的胰岛素回收率分别为93.8%±1.0%(n=3)和94.7%±1.5%(n=3).产品经PAGE分析为单带,HPLC检测高分子量杂蛋白和脱酰胺胰岛素的含量分别为0.42%±0.06%(n=3)和1.29%±0.06%(n=3),锌的残留量为0.187%±0.006%(n=3),产品效价为27.13±0.40U/mg(n=3).所有指标均达到USP24的质量标准.该工艺具有回收率高、产品质量好的特点.     

废弃印刷线路板中金属的气流分选富集

采用气流分选技术对破碎解离后的废弃印刷线路板进行分离富集,重点考察了不同粒径下气流分选富集金属的效果.结果表明,在粒径范围为0.125～0.300, 0.3～0.5, 0.5～0.8 mm时,最佳的分选操作气速分别为0.78～0.85, 1.27～1.41, 2.12 m·s-1, 总金属的回收率分别为95%,95%,93%; 铜的回收率分别为96%,96%,92%,铜的含量(w)分别为59%,67%,52%.     

体视学方法在家兔海马血管构筑的研究初探

本文用6只成年家兔对海马血管来源和毛细血管密度进行了体视学研究.经颈内动脉及椎动脉作动静脉色素灌注,取脑观察海马区的动静脉来源和分布.取海马,分别采用连续切片法,垂直切片法和各向同性均匀随机切片法制成5、10、25um厚切片,常规透明后在Nikon显微镜下,用目镜测微尺10×10网格作测试格.选取了毛细血管的体积分数,表面积密度和长度密度三个指标来估计毛细血管密度.结果,海马区的动脉来源大于脑后动脉的脉络膜后动脉.海马区毛细血管密度在不同厚度,不同放大倍数下不同,其体积分数、表面密度、长度密度在5um切片放大倍数为1500倍时,分别是连续切片(1±0.3)%、(10.5±2.8)1/mm、(1.1±0.1)1/mm,垂直切片(0.9±0.5)%、(7.6±2.5)1/mm、(1.5±0.7)1/mm,各向同性随机切片(0.8±0.4)%、(7.6±1.5)1/mm、(1.4±0.2)1/mm.本文还讨论了切片法、切片厚度、放大倍数等对毛细血管密度体视学估计影响.     

直链藻强化的轮虫对中华绒螯蟹潘状幼体Ⅱ期与Ⅲ期生长及脂肪酸组成的影响

用直链藻强化培养的轮虫,其EPA和DHA含量显著增加,以强化72 h效果最佳,其EPA和DHA含量分别为10.36%和3.12%;用不同密度的强化轮虫培养中华绒螯蟹溞状幼体Ⅱ期与Ⅲ期(Z2与Z3),结果表明:轮虫密度为20 ind/mL时Z2的变态率与存活率分别为60.60±2.64%和63.20±2.48%,密度为30 ind/mL时Z3的变态率与存活率分别为57.40±1.63%和62.00±2.98%,均为最佳;收集该阶段溞状幼体,对其脂肪酸含量进行分析,强化轮虫培养的溞状幼体的EPA和DHA含量分别为15.09%和7.24%,显著高于未经强化的酵母轮虫培养的溞状幼体(p<0.05).     

蔗扁蛾生物学及温度对发育的影响

蔗扁蛾Opogonasacchari(Bojer)是一种新入侵我国的食性复杂的观赏性植物的危险性害虫.在实验条件下观察了实验种群的生活史、发育历期、存活率、产卵量、寿命与温度的关系.结果表明温度明显影响发育.卵、幼虫、蛹和世代的发育起点分别为(11.2±3.54),(8.8±1.39),(10.97±1.40)和(11.1±1.8)℃.有效积温分别为75.4,729,206和876.5日度.在15,20,24,28,30和33℃,相对湿度75%条件下下卵历期13,7,4.3,4,5和5d.幼虫的存活率分别为38%,46%,37%,44%,40%和0,33℃下幼虫不能完成发育.幼虫发育期为(141.4±10.2),(63.4±2.4),(47.6±2.5),(32.9±1.9),(35.5±1.6)d.蛹的发育期为(44±3.7),(21.7±3.1),(15.1±2.1),(10.9±1.4)和(12.8±5.2)d.在上述温度下成虫平均寿命随温度升高而下降,雌成虫寿命为2.7～15.7d,雄成虫寿命为1.5～12.6d.     

电刺激迷走背核对大鼠高频心电信号的影响

用心电高频信息检测分析仪研究了电刺激大鼠迷走神经背核(DMV)对心电活动的影响,分析了刺激前、刺激即刻、刺激后4min和刺激后8min高频心电图(HF-ECG)的各项时域值.结果表明:1刺激前心率(427±56)次/min(x-±SD,下同),刺激即刻(191±96)次/min,与刺激前相比心率显著降低(P<0.01),刺激后心率有回升的趋势.2刺激前QRS波宽( 导联,下同)(14.5±1.3)ms,刺激即刻(19.0±3.1)ms,与刺激前相比QRS波宽显著延长(P<0.01).3刺激前QRSVp-p(0.52±0.12)mv,刺激即刻(0.37±0.10)mv,与刺激前相比显著降低(p<0.05).4刺激前切迹数(0.20±0.4)个,刺激即刻(0.7±0.8)个,与刺激前相比显著增多.5刺激前100Hz～1000Hz,80Hz～300Hz,100Hz～250Hz,150Hz～250Hz各频段的高频相对能量分别为:(21.24±16.78)%,(32.56±20.60)%,(20.91±16.41)%,(4.68±4.81)%,刺激即刻分别为:(2.81±1.91)%,(6.86±3.96)%,(2.69±1.90)%,(0.34±0.28)%,与刺激前相比,各频段相对能量显著降低.结果表明刺激大鼠的DMV对HF-ECG的时域值和频域值有明显影响,DMV对心脏电活动有调节作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the