基于群交叉变异MPPSO的MIMO雷达发射波束形成

采用基于智能算法优化发射信号互相关矩阵的方法来形成所期望的发射天线方向图,实现多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO)雷达发射波束控制。根据MIMO雷达数学模型构建了适合智能优化的代价函数,提出群交叉变异多相粒子群算法（swarm exchange and aberrance multiple-phase particle swarm optimization, SEA-MPPSO）,并将其应用于MIMO雷达发射信号互相关性的优化,实现了发射波束赋形。方法快速高效,能最大程度地逼近全局最优解。计算机仿真结果证明了方法的可行性和有效性。     

MIMO雷达反向投影成像算法

针对多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO)雷达的多收发固定阵列结构,在标准反向投影(back projection, BP)成像算法基础上,提出了一种修正BP成像算法。该算法首先对MIMO雷达距离压缩回波数据进行时延曲线校正处理,而后沿方位向直接相干叠加各路回波处理数据,从而无需距离插值即可实现方位聚焦。与标准BP算法相比,修正BP算法大大降低了运算量,同时也克服了现有快速BP算法大都没有考虑距离插值运算的缺陷。MIMO雷达外场实测数据处理表明：与标准BP算法相比,修正BP算法有效节省了运算时间,并保持了雷达成像质量。     

基于FRFT的单基地MIMO雷达稳健波束形成算法

以单基地多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output, MIMO)雷达系统为研究对象, 针对线性调频(linear frequency modulation, LFM)形式的正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM)信号, 提出了一种新的稳健自适应波束形成算法。所提算法首先利用LFM信号的特性, 对匹配滤波后的雷达回波信号进行分数阶傅里叶变换(fractional Fourier transform, FRFT), 经化简得到峰值点作为阵列的观测值。而后, 利用观测值构建接收信号的协方差矩阵, 并使用Capon谱估计方法重构干扰加噪声数据协方差矩阵。最后, 通过求解优化问题估计实际导向矢量, 从而得到阵列的最优权值。通过计算机仿真实验, 验证了所提算法的有效性。     

大规模MIMO系统中分布式压缩感知LMMSE信道估计

大规模多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output,MIMO)系统中,信道估计算法复杂度随着基站侧天线数量的增加而急剧增加,针对需要在信道估计算法复杂度与算法性能之间进行折中的问题,提出分布式压缩感知线性最小均方误差(distributed compressed sensing linea...     

一种适用于移动OFDM系统的迭代均衡算法

在下一代高速宽带无线应用中,通信终端的高速移动引起的多普勒效应恶化了OFDM系统接收机的性能.现存的补偿多普勒效应的均衡方案或需较高的计算量,或以性能为代价而获取低复杂度.在充分利用ICI功率分布特性的基础上,利用部分信道信息提出了-种新的基于软符号的低复杂度迭代MMSE均衡算法.理论分析及计算机仿真表明,该方案能够灵活可控地获得复杂性与性能的折衷,从而有效克服了ICI的影响,提高了接收机的BER性能.     

Mobile channel estimation for MU-MIMO systems using KL expansion based extrapolation

In multi-user multiple input multiple output(MU-MIMO) systems,the outdated channel state information at the transmitter caused by channel time variation has been shown to greatly reduce the achievable ergodic sum capacity.A simple yet effective solution to this problem is presented by designing a channel extrapolator relying on Karhunen-Loeve(KL) expansion of timevarying channels.In this scheme,channel estimation is done at the base station(BS) rather than at the user terminal(UT),which thereby dispenses the channel parameters feedback from the UT to the BS.Moreover,the inherent channel correlation and the parsimonious parameterization properties of the KL expansion are respectively exploited to reduce the channel mismatch error and the computational complexity.Simulations show that the presented scheme outperforms conventional schemes in terms of both channel estimation mean square error(MSE) and ergodic capacity.     

Soft-output stack algorithm with lattice-reduction for MIMO detection

A computationally efficient soft-output detector with lattice-reduction (LR) for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is proposed.In the proposed scheme,the sorted QR decomposition is applied on the lattice-reduced equivalent channel to obtain the tree structure.With the aid of the boundary control,the stack algorithm searches a small part of the whole search tree to generate a handful of candidate lists in the reduced lattice.The proposed soft-output algorithm achieves near-optimal performanca in a coded MIMO system and the associated computational complexity is substantially lower than that of previously proposed methods.     

降低多用户MIMO系统PAPR的广义SLM算法

针对在多用户多输入多输出(multi-user multiple input multiple output,MU-MIMO)系统中,选择性映射(selected mapping,SLM)算法不适用于分布式用户,并且边信息无法在用户之间共享的问题,提出一种适用于MU-MIMO系统的广义SLM算法.该算法通过改变相位旋转...     

多用户双向AF MIMO中继系统的联合预编码算法

近年,双向放大转发(amplify-and-forward, AF)多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output, MIMO)中继系统中的预编码设计吸引了越来越多研究学者的兴趣。然而,在实际MIMO中继通信系统中,针对双向传输下的系统,对多用户模型进行的研究较少。由此,针对多用户双向AF MIMO中继系统模型,提出了一种联合预编码算法。采用在所有节点功率限制下,以最小和均方误差(minimun sum mean square error, MSMSE)设计准则去求解联合信源、中继和信宿端多用户的非凸优化问题,将最初的非凸优化问题转化成多个子优化问题,并利用半正定规划设计、平方约束二次规划设计以及二阶锥规划设计求解子优化问题。之后通过交替迭代方法进一步求解每个子凸优化问题局部优化值,达到优化所有节点矩阵变量的目的。所提算法较现有的算法,不仅在优化问题方面考虑更全面、更实用,而且实验仿真结果验证,提出的算法在系统和均方误差(sum mean-square-error, SMSE)性能、和速率以及误码率(bit-error rate, BER)上有均有改善。     

衰落信道下加权抵消的线性并行干扰消除多用户检测器

在衰落信道下,提出了具有加权抵消的线性并行干扰消除多用户检测器(weight cancelled linear parallel interference canceller, WLPIC),不同于传统的线性并行干扰消除检测器（linear parallel interference canceller, LPIC）估计多址干扰的方法,WLPIC利用前一级软输出乘以一个相应的加权系数来恢复后一级期望用户信号中的多址干扰,并进行干扰抵消。基于最小均方误差准则,给出了加权系数的计算公式。对WLPIC进行了误码性能分析。理论分析和仿真结果表明,WLPIC能有效地克服远近效应,性能优于LPIC和匹配滤波检测器。     

Optimal training sequences for MIMO systems under correlated fading

The optimal design of training sequences for channel estimation in multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） systems under spatially correlated fading is considered. The channel is assumed to be a block-fading model with spatial correlation known at both the transmitter and the receiver. To minimize the channel estimation error, optimal training sequences are designed to exploit full information of the spatial correlation under the criterion of minimum mean square error （MMSE）. It is investigated that the spatial correlation is helpful to decrease the estimation error and the proposed training sequences have good performance via simulations.     

Throughput-based mode switching for MIMO ARQ systems in presence of transmit correlation

The mode switching between spatial multiplexing(SM) and space-time block code(STBC) diversity is investigated for the multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) automatic repeat request (ARQ) system.Five important practical factors are considered in the proposed switching scheme:transmit correlation,ARQ technique, packet loss probability(PLP) constraint,discrete rate transmission (DRT) and channel coding.Under the spatially correlated channel,the distributions of the post signal-to-interference-plusnoise ratio(SINR) for the SM mode and the STBC mode are obtained by using Gamma approximations.Then this paper derives the closed-form expressions of the PLP and the throughput for different modes when the ARQ technique is employed,based on which the mode switching algorithm is proposed to improve the spectral efficency.In the simulation,the correction of the expressions is first verified.Then,the significant gain observed by the proposed algorithm is presented.Since the switching point is the key parameter to implement the mode switching,this paper also shows how the switching point is affected by the practical factors considered.     

空间相关MIMO广播信道中的预编码技术

针对多天线多用户下行链路中,采用块对角化预编码进行多路并行传输时,用户端的检测复杂度比较高,且系统的和速率性能将受到信道空间相关性严重影响的问题,提出了一种将发送端迫零预编码与接收端天线选择进行联合的预编码方案,降低了接收复杂度.分析了该方案在最佳信道选择下的性能,并引入了一种简单的次优天线选择算法.仿真表明,提出的预编码方案在和速率性能上明显优于原迫零预编码,且在高信噪比情况下,几乎获得了与块对角化预编码相同的和速率.     

宽带MIMO雷达的阵列设计和成像方法

为了降低多输入多输出(multiple-input and multiple-output, MIMO)成像雷达的阵列规模和系统硬件的复杂性,结合宽带MIMO雷达发射/接收阵元的角度分集和信号分集特性,提出了一种基于双均匀线阵组合的非线性阵列模型,并给出了该阵列的设计准则。不同于基于实孔径均匀阵列的宽带MIMO雷达成像系统,提出的非线性阵列模型可有效增加虚拟阵元个数和扩展阵列孔径,在不改变目标方位向成像质量条件下能有效降低实孔径均匀线阵的阵列规模和系统硬件的复杂度。同时,该阵列设计易于操作和实现。最后,仿真实验对该阵列模型的有效性进行了验证。     

基于频控阵MIMO雷达的低复杂度稳健波束形成算法

频控阵(frequency diverse array, FDA)多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output, MIMO)雷达基于发射端调制而具备的距离维自由度为主瓣干扰提供了抑制方案。结合自适应波束形成算法, 频控阵MIMO雷达能有效抑制主瓣范围内欺骗干扰信号, 但存在的信号环境复杂、导向矢量失配、采样快拍不足等问题将使算法性能恶化。针对该问题,提出了一种基于频控阵的低复杂度的稳健自适应波束形成算法。仿真实验表明, 相比于其他自适应波束形成算法, 所提算法在低信噪比(signal to noise ratio, SNR)低采样快拍且存在导向矢量失配等非理想条件下形成的波束稳健性更强、计算复杂度更低, 有效实现了对目标的指示和对干扰的抑制, 克服了其他算法在非理想条件下性能恶化的问题。     

多通道雷达成像与DOA外场试验研究

多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO)技术用于多通道雷达,可以扩展阵列孔径,提高系统分辨力。证明了一个发射阵元和一个接收阵元通过分时移位模拟MIMO雷达工作状态的可行性,提出以一发一收构建一套MIMO雷达试验系统。给出了系统搭建原理和测量方法,设计了实孔径阵列和等效阵列外场试验,结果表明,阵列孔径得到了扩展,成像与DOA估计的分辨力得到了提高。     

Joint timing synchronization and frequency offset acquisition algorithm for MIMO OFDM systems

For multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sys-tems, a joint timing synchronization and frequency offset acquisition algorithm based on fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) is proposed. The linear frequency modulation signals superimposed on the data signals are used as the training signals. By performing FRFT on the receiver signals and searching the peak value of the FRFT results, the receiver can realize timing synchronization and frequency offset acquisition simultaneously. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed algorithm can provide better timing synchronization performance and larger frequency offset acquisition range even under multi-path channels with low signal to noise ratio. Theoretical analysis and simulation results prove this point.     

GNSS抗干扰接收机的自适应波束形成算法

针对全球导航卫星系统（global navigation satellite system, GNSS）接收机的抗干扰问题,以空-时自适应天线阵列为研究对象,提出了组合的自适应波束形成算法。该算法首先采用子空间正交投影技术消除接收信号中的强干扰信号,然后通过最大化相关后信号载噪比（carrier to noise ratio, C/N₀）约束准则加强GNSS信号质量。仿真结果表明,相对于传统的最大化阵列输出信噪比准则,最大化相关后信号C/N₀准则能够提高信号载噪比约4 dB。并且提出的组合算法可使接收机在有效抑制干扰的同时,又能够大大提高信号的捕获和跟踪性能。     

基于频控阵的改进ESB波束形成算法

频控阵由于其波束方向图具有的距离-角度二维依赖特性而受到广泛关注, 理想情况下基于频控阵的自适应波束形成技术, 能够从距离维和角度维增强期望信号并抑制干扰, 但实际系统中较大的指向误差和采样协方差矩阵失配会造成算法性能严重下降。针对该问题, 提出一种改进的基于特征空间(eigenspace-based, ESB)自适应波束形成算法, 并将其应用在频控阵多输入多输出接收处理体制中, 仿真结果表明在5°的指向误差内, -20 dB信噪比, 及小快拍数的非理想条件下, 所提算法仍然能在目标位置附近形成高增益, 并在干扰位置形成零陷, 克服了传统ESB算法低信噪比条件下算法失效导致的波束方向图畸变问题, 具有更好的适用性。     

Extended ambiguity function for bistatic MIMO radar

This paper derives the extended ambiguity function for a bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system,which includes the whole radar system parameters:geometric sensor configuration,waveforms,range,range rate,target scattering and noise characteristics.Recent research indicates the potential parameter estimate performance of bistatic MIMO radars.And this ambiguity function can be used to analyze the parameter estimate performance for the relationship with the Cramer-Rao bounds of the estimated parameters.Finally,some examples are given to demonstrate the good parameter estimate performance of the bistatic MIMO radar,using the quasi-orthogonal waveforms based on Lorenz chaotic systems.