松嫩平原两个生态型羊草水分生理特性 对CO2倍增和干旱胁迫的响应

采用盆栽法对灰绿色和黄绿色生态型羊草在干旱和CO_2倍增交互胁迫条件下的水分生理响应进行了研究.结果表明:在对照和700μmol/mol CO_2胁迫条件下,灰绿型和黄绿型羊草的蒸腾速率、水分利用效率、气孔导度与干旱胁迫胁强之间的关系呈直线变化,多数达到显著或极显著相关.灰绿型羊草的水分利用效率随干旱胁迫的增加速率比黄绿型羊草高,黄绿型羊草气孔导度对干旱胁迫的下降速率高于灰绿型.两个生态型羊草的蒸腾速率、水分利用效率、气孔导度之间具有显著差异.灰绿型和黄绿型羊草的1龄和2龄植株在700μmol/mol CO_2胁迫时的蒸腾速率、水分利用效率、均高于对照,气孔导度低于350μmol/mol CO_2胁迫时.t检验结果表明,在350,700μmol/mol CO_2胁迫条件下,两个生态型的1龄、2龄植株间的蒸腾速率、水分利用效率、气孔导度差异显著.由此表明干旱条件对灰绿型和黄绿型羊草的1龄、2龄植株的蒸腾速率、水分利用效率和气孔导度有显著影响,两个生态型的1龄、2龄植株之间具有显著差异,灰绿型羊草水分利用能力高于黄绿型羊草.CO_2倍增胁迫对干旱条件下两个生态型羊草植株蒸腾速率和水分利用效率的降低有一定的缓解作用.     

水分胁迫对欧李光合速率日变化的影响

通过不同程度的水分胁迫对欧李叶水势、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和光合速率日变化影响的研究。结果表明在水分胁迫下,欧李叶水势、气孔导度、蒸腾速率的光合速率降低,且随胁迫程度加剧而增大。水分胁迫使欧李光合速率日变化曲线由单峰型变成双峰型。     

云锦杜鹃气孔行为对水分的响应

以盆栽5年生云锦杜鹃苗木为材料，分对照、轻度、中度、重度4组，研究了土壤水分胁迫下气孔导度的变化，结果表明：随着水分胁迫的加重，净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度降低，云锦杜鹃气孔导度日变化曲线由双峰型逐渐转变为峰值很小的单峰型，水分胁迫的影响差异显著；经逐步多元回归得到了气孔导度日变化的回归方程．     

水分胁迫对夏蜡梅气孔行为的影响

了解干旱对夏蜡梅光合作用的影响状况,为夏蜡梅的保护和培育提供理论依据,以盆栽2年生夏蜡梅幼苗为材料,分对照、轻度、中度、重度4组,研究了土壤水分胁迫下气孔导度的变化.结果表明:随着水分胁迫的加重,净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度降低;夏蜡梅气孔导度日变化曲线由双峰型逐渐转变为峰值很小的单峰型,与净光合速率有较好的相关性.重度水分胁迫下气孔限制和非气孔限制(为主)引起夏蜡梅净光合速率成倍降低,严重影响其生长.     

遮荫对雪茄外包烟叶光合和水分利用效率日变化的影响

通过对遮荫处理及不遮荫对照的光合速率、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率以及PSⅡ最光化学效率的测定和分析,探讨了遮荫对雪茄外包烟叶光合和水分利用效率日变化的影响,以期为雪茄外包烟叶的质量提高提供一定的光合生理基础.结果表明:遮荫导致了净光合速率,水分利用效率的下降,而蒸腾速率在下午有升高的趋势,气孔导度也较不遮荫对照明显升高,遮荫处理的PSⅡ的最大光化学效率和光合系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)潜在活性都优于不遮荫比对照,而且变化曲线更为平缓.     

土壤干旱胁迫对云锦杜鹃水分利用效率的影响

以盆栽5年生云锦杜鹃苗木为材料,分对照(土壤水分含量为最大田间持水量的75%~80%)、轻度胁迫(60%~65%)、中度胁迫(45%~50%)、重度胁迫(30%~35%)4组,研究了土壤干旱对水分利用效率等生理指标的影响,结果表明:随着干旱胁迫的加重,叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度依次降低,水分利用效率在轻度胁迫下增高,在重度胁迫下降低.高温使净光合速率降低,蒸腾速率升高,水分利用效率进一步降低.     

NaCl胁迫对互花米草光合作用及其参数的影响

以互花米草（Spartina alternif lora Loisel）为材料,研究不同盐浓度下其CO2响应曲线及其参数的变化情况。结果表明,盐浓度100mmol.L-1时,互花米草各项指标和参数达到最大值,预示此浓度比较适合其生长和繁殖 盐浓度高于300mmol.L-1时,其CO2响应（A-Ci）曲线、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）、最大Rubisco羧化速率（Vcmax）和最大电子传递速率（Jmax）显著低于对照组,表明高盐浓度对互花米草的生长产生了抑制作用。盐胁迫对互花米草Rubisco数量及活性和RuBP再生产生破坏的程度无差异,二者综合作用导致互花米草光合速率（A）的降低。较高盐浓度时,互花米草依然可以积极调整生存策略,如降低蒸腾速率,保持较高的水分利用效率（WUE）等以此保障生命活动的继续进行,为其进一步建立种群和扩散提供基础。     

干旱胁迫对两种沙地灌木能源树种光合特性的影响

为了研究干旱胁迫对两种灌木能源树种光合特性的影响,选择沙枣(Elaeagnus angustifolia L.)1年生实生苗和多花柽柳(Tamarix hohenackeri Bunge)1年生扦插苗为试验材料,通过4个不同土壤水分条件下的盆栽试验,测定叶片叶绿素含量和光合参数。结果表明:多花柽柳在各个土壤水分条件下叶片叶绿素含量均低于沙枣,多花柽柳在中度干旱胁迫条件下叶绿素含量增加,沙枣在重度干旱胁迫条件下叶绿素仍然有较高含量。随着干旱胁迫程度加重,2个树种净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均呈下降的趋势,在中度干旱条件下净光合速率和蒸腾速率下降更明显,但胞间CO₂浓度呈上升趋势。多花柽柳净光合速率和蒸腾速率日变化均呈现出“双峰”曲线,11:00时出现“光合午休”现象,气孔导度呈现“单峰”曲线; 沙枣净光合速率日变化呈“单峰”曲线,上午明显高于下午。两树种蒸腾速率日变化和气孔导度日变化均表现为“双峰”曲线,呈现正相关性。     

辽东山区主要造林树种气体交换特性及水分利用效率

以辽东山区7个主要造林树种为研究对象,测定了不同水分状态下光合速率、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率,对其日变化规律和相互关系进行研究,确定了水分利用效率的主要影响因子.结果表明:各树种光合速率和水分利用效率日变化规律均呈双峰型曲线,光合速率峰值分别出现在中午12:00和下午16:00,最终随着干旱程度的逐渐加大,水分利用效率逐渐降低;蒸腾速率日变化规律呈单峰型曲线,随着干旱程度的增加,峰值出现的时间由中午12:00提前到上午10:00.逐步回归分析表明,在水分充足状态下,水分利用效率变化的主要影响因子是胞间CO2浓度和气孔导度,与胞间CO2浓度呈极显著负相关,与气孔导度呈极显著正相关.     

不同品种茶树的蒸腾特性及其抗逆性能的研究

对引进山东的17个茶树品种（群体种）的叶片进行了气孔导度、蒸腾特性的观测研究，得出：茶树品种不同的气孔导度日变化总体趋势基本一致，均呈单峰型曲线；随着株龄的增加，茶树各品种的气孔导度均有不同程度的增加.不同品种茶树蒸腾速率变化趋势与其气孔导度的相同，并随着株龄的增加，各品种茶树的蒸腾速率均有不同程度的增加.综合各项指标从中筛选出适宜在当地推广的茶树品种.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with