用背散射法对ECAF壁面沉积层的研究

应用康普顿背散射法对静电旋风空气滤清器的壁面沉积层进行在线研究,并分析壁面沉积规律与除尘效率之间的关系.在电旋风除尘器中,当气流入口速度一定时,壁面上的沉积层随气流含尘浓度的增加和运行时间的延长而加厚,从入口向下筒壁沉积层厚度也逐渐增加.除尘效率随入口气流速度的增加而提高,随气流含尘浓度的增加而下降.当入口处气流速度和气流的含尘浓度一定时,逐渐加厚的壁面沉积层就会使除尘空间的电晕电流降低,使静电的作用大大减弱,进而使得除尘效率降低.     

复合式电旋风除尘器的模化理论与冷态实验研究

介绍了复合式电旋风除尘器特征结构和基本原理.根据含尘气流在电旋风除尘器中的受力情况,推导出其冷态模化的主要相似准则,提出静电离心分离相似准则Sel,明确了该种除尘器的近似模化条件.利用大量影响除尘性能的实验数据,通过多元线性回归分析方法,得出了复合式电旋风除尘器除尘总效率和总阻力系数的计算式.     

环流式旋风除尘器的性能

针对目前工业除尘器除尘效率低和经济上、技术上的一些难题,以电厂静电除尘除下来的粉煤灰和空气作为物系,测试了环流式旋风除尘器的分离效率和压降,并推导了环流式旋风除尘器分离效率的数学模型.实验结果表明,环流式旋风除尘器与B型高效旋风除尘器相比,具有压降低、分离效率高的优点.计算结果表明,分离效率模型的计算值与实验值基本吻合.工业应用表明,环流式旋风除尘器处理量大,操作稳定,放大效应小;工业环流式旋风除尘器与常规型旋风除尘器相比,除尘效率提高了15%,压降降低了40%左右.     

不同温度下磁场对外涡型ECP中亚微米颗粒分离的影响

针对旋风除尘器中亚微米颗粒捕集效率低下的问题,探究了利用洛伦兹力和电场力联合作用来提高亚微米颗粒分离效率的可能性.将4根电极添加在旋风除尘器中组成外涡型静电旋风除尘器(electrostatic cyclone precipitator, ECP),并在其中引入磁场,构建了磁场作用下外涡型静电旋风除尘器简化模型;在建立流场、颗粒动力场、电磁场和温度场4场相互耦合作用理论模型的基础上,对不同温度下亚微米颗粒在外涡型静电旋风除尘器的除尘效率进行数值模拟.数值结果表明,磁场的引入显著提高了静电旋风除尘器对亚微米颗粒的分离性能,有效降低了温度对除尘效率的削弱率;随着温度的降低或磁感应强度的增大,温度对亚微米颗粒综合效率的削弱率逐渐减小,但磁场的贡献率逐渐增大,且逐渐趋于平缓;温度越低、磁感应强度越大更有利于亚微米颗粒的分离,但磁感应强度越小和温度越高时,磁场作用越显著.相关研究结果对传统静电旋风除尘器外加磁场设备改造和除尘相关工业领域的技术革新有一定参考.     

环缝气垫高效耐磨旋风除尘器的研究

为了经济、有效地提高旋风除尘器的耐磨性能和除尘效率，提出了在旋风除尘器内壁设置环缝套圈的增效防磨新方法，在理论上探讨了高速含尘气流对器壁的磨损机理和二次扬尘现象。在２ｔ燃煤锅炉上不同烟气流速下的对比实验表明，该新型旋风除尘器的除尘效率比普通旋风器提高５％，平均阻力系数比普通旋风除尘器降低１０％。     

扩展式旋风静电除尘器空气粉尘驱进速度的计算

阐述扩展式旋风静电除尘器的降尘机理，描述空气粉尘的荷电过程，研究荷电粉尘的受力和运动规律，建立气流粉尘的动力学方程．计算粉尘的驱进速度，并讨论介质阻力系数对驱进速度的影响．最后给出在工业除尘的应用实例．     

百叶窗对静电除尘器二次扬尘的抑制效应

提出了一种旨在削弱或消除静电除尘器(Electrostatic precipitator,简称ESP)振打形成的二次扬尘现象,借以提高ESP的粉尘捕集效率。建立了静电除尘器电晕电场,流场,颗粒荷电及运动场的二维数值模型,借助有限元软件Comsolmultiphysics进行模拟计算,模拟结果与已公开的电晕电场和除尘效率的实验结果吻合较好。通过添加百叶窗结构在阳极板前形成有效的静止空间,保证在振打清灰时颗粒不与主气流混合,降低二次扬尘。分析了3种不同结构的百叶窗结构,并对百叶窗布置形成进行优化。结果表明：添加百叶窗结构能够降低收尘极板附近气流流速在0.1m/s以下;耦合电场、流场、颗粒荷电运动场可以得出,添加百叶窗后,颗粒被捕集时的速度小于0.2m/s,能够有效的控制二次扬尘,提高除尘器的除尘效率。     

静电旋风除尘器性能的研究

在分析离心和静电分离综合作用的基础上，建立了修正的平衡轨道模型．利用该半经验模型．可较好地说明静电分离和离心分离作用两者对静电旋风除尘器除尘性能的影响．利用所建立的除尘实验装置，系统地进行了静电旋风除尘器性能实验研究，着重分析了除尘器进口风速、工作电压、电晕极型式和布置方式等因素对除尘器性能的影响．     

活性炭在最佳构型旋风除尘器中的分离效率

<正>一前言 近年来,扩散式旋风除尘器(CLK型)在活性炭和栲胶等粉尘的产品回收中得到广泛应用。使用得当的扩散式旋风除尘器能提高产品的回收率,但存在设备庞大,流体阻力大等弊病。故探索具有分离效率高而流体阻力小的旋风除尘设备,对提高产品回收率,降低动力消耗,减少环境污染,以提高经济效益,是很有意义的。 文献指出:依据旋风除尘器里气流的流动型式及所谓“旋风自然长”的理论进行设计,可研制成一种满足效率高、压降低要求的旋风除尘器结构型式。为区别于其他构型旋风除尘器,将它称为“最佳构型”旋风除尘器。为此,我们用活性炭对它测定了总效率及粒级效率,并与目前采用的某些定型设备作对比。实验结果证实:“最佳构型”旋风除尘器的性能比林化行业中目前采用的CLT/A型、CLP/B型及扩散式等旋风分离器,在同一操作条件下,具有粒级效率高、压降低的优点。     

利用高压静电技术改进旋风除尘器性能的研究

常规的旋风除尘器结构紧凑简单、投资省，适用于捕集锅炉排烟中粒径为5－10μm以上的灰粒。在旋风除尘器结构基础上附加高压静电场的作用，可进一步提高除尘效率，特别是提高微米和亚微米灰粒的捕集效率。通过建立实验系统和模型，进行了利用高压静电技术改进旋风除尘器性能的实验研究，并对影响除尘性能的参数，如除尘器进口风速、工作电压等进行了系统的探讨与分析，初步掌握了实验模型的最佳运行工况。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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