一个单种群增长模型

本文首先讨论了经典的种群增长方程－指数方程Logistic方程。并基于营养学和化学吸附理论导出了方程dx/xdt=u(xm-x)/xm (k-1)x该方程三个参数u,xm和k，其次讨论了这些参数的生态意义和方程的一般性质，其中,u为内禀增长率，xm为容纳量，k与种群利用资源的能力有关。当k=1时，该方程化为Logistic方程，k=0时，该方程化为指数方程。因此，该方程的推导过程给了Logistic方程的一个理论解释，也给出了一个更适合于种群增长研究的方程。     

变系数KdV-Burgers方程的精确解

利用修正的CK直接约化方法，把变系数KdV-Burgers方程约化为等价的常系数方程，得到了常系数和变系数KdV-Burgers方程的解之间的关系．另外，我们运用李群方法求得了常系数KdV-Burgers方程的解，从而获得了变系数KdV-Burgers方程的精确解．     

有源网络拓扑分析与网络的故障诊断

本文研究有源网络的故障诊断问题，着重研究其可解性与可诊断性，在分析两种形式的有源网络典型支路和基础上，把无源网络的网孔方程、节点方程、回路方程、割集方程推广为有源网络下的相应方程，并提出了一组基于节点分析的故障诊断方程，最后，提出了关于网络理论第三类问题的扼要观点。     

光栅方程的修正和衍射角的符号法则

分析光学传统教材中光栅方程所存在的矛盾和混乱，给出修正了的光栅方程和衍射角的符号法则，物理图象清晰，方程对称完美，消除了原光栅方程的矛盾和混乱。     

热传导、渗流和快速扩散三类方程的比较

对热传导方程，渗流方程，快速扩散方程在相同初边值情形下的解进行了比较，建立了有关不等式。     

微小扰动下NLS方程解的摄动分析

从带有某种扰动项的一般NLS方程出发，采用奇异摄动的方法，得到了方程的零级近似方程和一级近似方程，通过对近似方程中算子的特征态的讨论，引入适当的“导出态”，建立了算子在空间的特征态的完备性．利用这种完备性，得到近似方程中相应的量在该完备集中的展开式，并得到展开式中系数的演化方程，再通过对这些演化方程的讨论，求得了该方程在微小扰动下的一级近似解．所得的近似解具有较好的精确性，另外该方法也同样适用于扰动项为一般形式的情况．     

Navier-Stokes方程中的混沌特性

基于建立的描述湍流问题的Navier-Stokes方程，忽略方程中的次要因素，利用二维傅立叶级数展开的收敛性质，对湍流方程中变量进行二维傅立叶级数展开，得到了可以描述湍流问题的混沌特性方程。该方法把湍流方程直接与Lorenz方程联系起来，大大简化了湍流方程的混沌特性求解过程。从该混沌方程出发可以对湍流的混沌特性问题进行研究。     

微型热光电系统多孔介质燃烧器的数学模拟

针对微型热光电（TPV）系统多孔介质燃烧器进行了数学模拟，探讨了有关多孔介质的质量守恒方程、动量方程、能量方程、组分方程和状态方程等基本控制方程，由数值计算得到了多孔介质燃烧器壁面的温度分布，并与实验数据进行比较。     

二维不可压Navier-Stokes方程的特征混合有限元算法

针对二维不可压Navier-Stokes方程的特点，对流函数方程及漩涡度方程采用混含有限元方法离散，避免了处理漩涡度边界的困难，同时，对漩涡度方程的对流项，使用了沿特征线离散技术，提高了计算效果。     

矿井煤层渗流方程的建立和讨论

根据渗流力学理论，提出了矿井煤层瓦斯渗流方程，并对方程进行了讨论，还对方程作了简化．     

边界条件带特征参数的Dirac问题的迹

利用Dirac方程初值问题解的渐近估计,构造了一个整函数,其零点集合与要讨论的Dirac问题的特征值集重合,对Dirac算子的特征值进行估计,借助于一个积分恒式,采用留数方法,得到了边界条件带特征参数的Dirac问题的渐近迹公式.     

电磁直线加速黑洞周围时空中Dirac粒子的波函数

从Ｄｉｒａｃ粒子的四份量施量方程出发，研究了Ｄｉｒａｃ粒子在带有电荷磁荷的直线加速黑洞周围时空中的波函数，发现在弯曲时空中，即使曲率很大的地位，仍具有局域平直性。     

Creating, moving and merging Dirac points with a Fermi gas in a tunable honeycomb lattice

Dirac points are central to many phenomena in condensed-matter physics, from massless electrons in graphene to the emergence of conducting edge states in topological insulators. At a Dirac point, two energy bands intersect linearly and the electrons behave as relativistic Dirac fermions. In solids, the rigid structure of the material determines the mass and velocity of the electrons, as well as their interactions. A different, highly flexible means of studying condensed-matter phenomena is to create model systems using ultracold atoms trapped in the periodic potential of interfering laser beams. Here we report the creation of Dirac points with adjustable properties in a tunable honeycomb optical lattice. Using momentum-resolved interband transitions, we observe a minimum bandgap inside the Brillouin zone at the positions of the two Dirac points. We exploit the unique tunability of our lattice potential to adjust the effective mass of the Dirac fermions by breaking inversion symmetry. Moreover, changing the lattice anisotropy allows us to change the positions of the Dirac points inside the Brillouin zone. When the anisotropy exceeds a critical limit, the two Dirac points merge and annihilate each other-a situation that has recently attracted considerable theoretical interest but that is extremely challenging to observe in solids. We map out this topological transition in lattice parameter space and find excellent agreement with ab initio calculations. Our results not only pave the way to model materials in which the topology of the band structure is crucial, but also provide an avenue to exploring many-body phases resulting from the interplay of complex lattice geometries with interactions.     

含整体单极动态黑洞Dirac粒子的热辐射

作者通过构造对称化的零标架,并计算Ricci旋系数,导出了含整体单极动态黑洞时空中粒子的Dirac方程,然后引入广义乌龟坐标变换,使Dirac方程在视界面上退耦,并利用Damour-Ruffini方法,得到了含整体单极动态黑洞时空中粒子的Hawking温度和热辐射谱.     

对带有非局部边界条件的Dirac方程的迹的研究

利用D irac方程初值问题解的渐近估计,构造了一个整函数ω(λ),其零点集合与所讨论的D irac方程特征值集重合,借助于一个积分恒等式,采用留数方法,对D irac算子的特征值进行了估计,得到了该问题的特征值的渐近迹公式。     

无压气体动力学方程组二维Riemann问题的泛函解

考虑无压气体动力学方程组二维Ｒｉｅｍａｎｎ问题，构造了分片常初值时的Ｒｉｅｍａｎｎ解，得出非古典激波出现在某些Ｒｉｅｍａｎｎ解中；同时给出了Ｄｉｒａｃ激波的熵条件，得出包含Ｄｉｒａｃ激波的Ｒｉｅｍａｎｎ解不唯一．     

无压气体动力学方程组二维Riemann问题的泛函解

本文考虑无压气体动力学方程组二维Ｒｉｅｍａｎｎ问题，构造了分片常初值时的Ｒｉｅｍａｎｎ解，非古典激波出现的某些解中，同时给出了Ｄｉｒａｃ激波的熵条件，包含Ｄｉｒａｃ激波的Ｒｉｅｍａｎｎ解不唯一。     

Designer Dirac fermions and topological phases in molecular graphene

The observation of massless Dirac fermions in monolayer graphene has generated a new area of science and technology seeking to harness charge carriers that behave relativistically within solid-state materials. Both massless and massive Dirac fermions have been studied and proposed in a growing class of Dirac materials that includes bilayer graphene, surface states of topological insulators and iron-based high-temperature superconductors. Because the accessibility of this physics is predicated on the synthesis of new materials, the quest for Dirac quasi-particles has expanded to artificial systems such as lattices comprising ultracold atoms. Here we report the emergence of Dirac fermions in a fully tunable condensed-matter system-molecular graphene-assembled by atomic manipulation of carbon monoxide molecules over a conventional two-dimensional electron system at a copper surface. Using low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy, we embed the symmetries underlying the two-dimensional Dirac equation into electron lattices, and then visualize and shape the resulting ground states. These experiments show the existence within the system of linearly dispersing, massless quasi-particles accompanied by a density of states characteristic of graphene. We then tune the quantum tunnelling between lattice sites locally to adjust the phase accrual of propagating electrons. Spatial texturing of lattice distortions produces atomically sharp p-n and p-n-p junction devices with two-dimensional control of Dirac fermion density and the power to endow Dirac particles with mass. Moreover, we apply scalar and vector potentials locally and globally to engender topologically distinct ground states and, ultimately, embedded gauge fields, wherein Dirac electrons react to 'pseudo' electric and magnetic fields present in their reference frame but absent from the laboratory frame. We demonstrate that Landau levels created by these gauge fields can be taken to the relativistic magnetic quantum limit, which has so far been inaccessible in natural graphene. Molecular graphene provides a versatile means of synthesizing exotic topological electronic phases in condensed matter using tailored nanostructures.     

爱因斯坦引力理论和狄拉克电子理论之间的矛盾

本文通过联合考虑爱因斯坦引力理论和狄拉克电子理论,发现在爱因斯坦引力理论和狄拉克电子理论之间关于电子场的能量动量运动存在着一个矛盾。这个矛盾表明爱因斯坦引力理论不能描述带半整数自旋的粒子的引力作用。如果假设狄拉克电子理论是正确的,我们必须修改爱因斯坦引力理论。     

弯曲空时中Dirac方程的建立与求解

从平直空时的γ矩阵和Dirac方程出发,引入弯曲空时中的γ矩阵,建立了弯曲空时的Dirac方程,给出了这类方程的矩阵形式、旋量形式和旋标架形式;展示了Dirac方程的求解过程.