硅微透镜阵列与红外焦平面阵列的单片集成

基于标量衍射理论 ,考虑焦距长度与微透镜尺寸的关系 ,提出了一种新的制作二元光学衍射微透镜的方法———部分刻蚀法 .利用这种方法制作了 2 5 6× 2 5 6硅微透镜阵列 ,并将其与PtSi红外焦平面阵列单片集成在一起 ,使红外焦平面阵列的灵敏度R和比探测率D 都提高了 1.7倍     

中国大陆NO_x1°×1°网格排放估计

为评估中国大陆地区ＮＯｘ排放对全球温室效应与臭氧二维模式分布的影响,依据国家有关部委公布数据及国家、省市统计年鉴公布的排放源数据,以国内测定的排放因子,依１°×１°网格精度,估计了１９９１年、１９９２年中国大陆ＮＯｘ排放分布数据（约２×１０４个数据）,并在此基础上划分为６个排放等级,绘制出中国大陆ＮＯｘ１°×１°网格排放分布图。     

数字摄影测量网格在汶川大地震中的快速响应

航空摄影测量是测绘的主要方法之一,通过摄影测量技术能够将几百张乃至上千张航拍的照片高效、无缝地拼接在一起,生成正射影像图,提供整个灾区完整的信息。然而传统数字摄影测量工作站无法处理应急响应中的非常规航空摄影数据,并且其基于单机的串行数据处理流程和作业模式已极大地束缚了航空摄影测量的生产效率,难以满足海量航空遥感影像快速处理和应急响应的需求。结合我国自主研发的数字摄影测量网格（digital photogrammetry grid,DPGrid）系统在抗震救灾中的应用,介绍了数字摄影测量网格分布式计算技术及其对非常规航空摄影数据快速处理所采用的特殊处理方法。     

典型小口径步枪弹侵彻明胶时空腔演化规律的实验研究

为了研究典型小口径步枪弹在侵彻明胶过程中空腔的形成与发展规律,实验中选用4℃/10%浓度配比,尺寸为300mm×300mm×300mm的明胶块作为靶标,并利用高速摄影进行拍摄测量。在100m射距下实验了3发SS1095.56mm步枪弹,获得3组空腔图像和压力波数据。通过对数据进行处理并与7.62mm步枪弹空腔图像数据对比分析得出:瞬时空腔最大直径在200~270mm范围内,脉动周期为11ms;瞬时空腔直径随侵彻时间呈半正弦波衰减曲线变化;杀伤元的形状对瞬时空腔的形状有显著影响,从而影响到杀伤威力的大小。      

汽车车身模型表面点位测定的近景摄影测量方法

近景摄影测量是一种不接触物体而精确地测量物体的空间坐标及绘图的新型测量方法。本文简述了近景摄影测量的基本原理,通过对汽车模型外壳的近最摄影测量试验,绘制出汽车车身外形图和解算出模型点的空间坐标,其精度可达±0.302mm。研究表明,在汽车外型设计和品质检测中采用这种方法是行之有效的。     

中国大陆 SO_2 1°×1°网格排放估计(1991 年与 1992 年)

为评估中国大陆地区排放ＳＯ２在全球温室效应与臭氧二维模式分布影响，依据国家有关部委公布数据及国家、省、市统计年鉴分布的排放源数据，以国内测定的排放因子，依１°×１°网格精度，估计了１９９１年、１９９２年中国大陆ＳＯ２排放分布数据（约２００００个数据），并在此数据基础上划分为６个排放等级，绘制出中国大陆１°×１°网格排放分布图。     

基于极快速模拟退火与网格逐次剖分的微地震定位算法研究

提高微地震定位的可靠性是水力压裂微地震监测中的关键环节,现有的震幅叠加网格逐次剖分定位方法在处理高频微地震信号时容易出现定位失常。针对上述问题,本文在基于网格逐次剖分定位算法的基础上对定位算法进行了改进,提出了极快速模拟退火与网格逐次剖分联合的微地震定位算法。该方案首先采用极快速模拟退火算法在三维目标区域内搜寻能量聚焦较高的圆形区域,然后再利用网格逐次剖分方法在区域内寻找能量聚焦最大值点。合成数据实验表明,当微地震信号频率在100Hz~200Hz时,其定位可靠性与计算效率明显优于现有的网格逐次剖分算法。     

基于氧化铝薄膜的压电水听器的研制

提出了基于AlN压电薄膜结构的单电极水听器,将A1N的压电特性与MEMS微加工技术相结合。采用COMSOL对器件在20~100Hz低频范围内谐振特性进行分析和仿真,得出压电薄膜优化厚度0.8~1.0μm,振动薄膜直径100μm。给出了器件制备工艺流程,采用ICP精准刻蚀A1N薄膜提高成品率,并对实际样品进行高静水压等环境适应性测试。单个水听器阵列结构是40×40,实际尺寸为7×7mm,可以用来制备高性能的水听器集成系统。     

水翼瞬态启动非定常流动数值模拟

为了解翼型以不同加速度启动时的流动特性,采用基于动网格方法的有限体积法对翼型瞬态启动引起的二维不可压缩非定常流动进行了数值计算,并结合网格局部重构的方法保证翼型运动时周围的网格质量.计算了启动加速度分别为50 mm/s2和100 mm/s2时,绕翼型非定常流动的结构及其演化过程,并分析了加速度大小对流动结构的影响.结果表明,翼型在加速运动和匀速运动过程中均形成了复杂的旋涡结构;大加速度下非定常流场中的旋涡运动、扩散和耗散速度明显比小加速度下的要慢,并且大加速度下旋涡结构更紧凑,运动更为强烈.     

太钢2250热轧油膜轴承配置

太原钢铁集团公司2250热轧项目属于太钢新不锈钢工程,于2004年9月6日获国家发改委批准,2004年11月21日破土动工,于2006年6月29日实现真正的一次过钢成功,建设工期为21个月。主轧线机械设备由德国SMSD公司设计。粗轧为一台可逆式轧机,精轧为七机架连轧机,年设计生产能力为400万吨,其中碳钢200万吨,不锈钢200万吨。极限规格产品为:不锈钢304:2.0×1 250 mm、2.5×1600 mm、6.0×2 100 mm;碳钢1.2×1 250 mm、1.6×1 600mm、2.1×2 100 mm,最大卷重40 t。该生产线将生产管线钢X80、双相钢、TR IR钢、超细晶粒钢。太钢2250热轧的装备水平代…     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the