一种串—并行混合结构的神经网络模型

针对复杂的模式识别问题,提出了一种串—并行混合结构的多种神经网络模型,首先用ART网络对训练集中的样本进行粗分类,以减小训练集的样本规模,然后用多个BP网络对小训练集进行训练。     

基于LM-BP神经网络模式的酸性染料分类方法

提出用Levenberg-Marquardt Backpropagation Neural Network(LM-BP)网络对酸性偶氮染料进行分类，网络结构为4-6-5。优化了隐含层神经元数和网络训练次数，表明隐含层神经元数应比输出层神经元数多一个。考察了训练集样本的选择对结果的影响，测试集的样本参数大小要处于训练集样本之间。本网络把其中22种染料作为训练集，把另外18种染料作为测试集，与采用GCEDM逐次分类法比较，测试集识别率为83％。     

基于均矢量相似性的机器学习样本集划分

提出一种基于均矢量相似性的机器学习样本集分割方法(MSSS),根据样本集中每个样本矢量与均矢量之间的余弦相似性,将样本划分成训练集和测试集.为评价MSSS方法性能,分别用随机分割法(RSS)和MSSS方法,按不同比例划分来自UCI的4个数据集,对产生的训练集一测试集进行Hotelling T~2检验;另外,采用得到的训练集对分类BP神经网络进行训练,以相应的测试集测试神经网络.研究结果表明:对用RSS划分4个数据集产生的训练集一测试集进行Hotelling T~2检验,发现均存在F值超出界值的现象,而MSSS均未出现;使用MSSS训练的神经网络所产生的训练-测试误差差异、准确率差异均比使用RSS训练的神经网络所产生的小,说明用MSSS划分产生的训练集与测试集的一致性比用RSS划分产生的好.     

基于SMOTE和机器学习的网络入侵检测

网络入侵检测已经广泛运用机器学习模型,但是研究者们多关注模型选择和参数优化,很少考虑数据不平衡的影响,往往会导致少数类入侵样本的检测效果较差.针对该问题,以SMOTE （synthetic minority oversampling technique）数据再平衡算法为研究重点,应用入侵检测数据集KDD99作为原始训练集,使用简单抽样和SMOTE算法生成再平衡训练集.采用多种机器学习模型分别在原始训练集和再平衡训练集进行5折交叉验证.实验结果表明,与原始训练集相比,使用再平衡训练集建模能够在不降低甚至提高多数类样本识别效果前提下,使少数类样本的识别准确率和召回率增强10%～20%.因此,SMOTE算法对不平衡样本下的网络入侵检测有显著的提升作用.      

基于RS—BP融合的裂缝监控模型

目前对大坝裂缝的监控主要是应用统计模型，然而在实际应用中，其分析精度易受因子相关性的影响．本研究提出了基于RS—BP耦合的裂缝监控模型，该方法首先应用RS对裂缝监控信息进行属性和样本集约简，以提高网络的泛化分析能力；然后用BP神经网络对约简的样本集进行模式训练；最后根据训练好的网络对裂缝进行分析，以掌握裂缝的演变性态．...     

因素分析法的样本培育

为解决由训练样本局限性导致因素分析法中测试样本错误识别和无法识别的问题,进一步提高因素库对样本信息的利用,采用样本培育的方法,对离散决策表的修炼培育作了具体表述:利用初始训练得到的规则集对新增样本进行测试,加入反馈机制,对训练集进行多重训练,直至初始测试准确率不变.研究结果表明:样本培育方法能及时地用新增训练数据改写推理规则,更好地实现样本信息的利用价值.     

基于样本选择的跨被试脑力负荷识别

人体的脑力负荷状态与人机操作工作时的工作效率,人力资源分配以及事故的发生等息息相关,因此研究操作人员的脑力负荷状态具有重要意义。为了解决现有脑力负荷识别方法由于训练集中样本数量过少导致分类效果较差的问题,本文提出了一种基于样本选择的跨被试脑力负荷识别方法。将其他被试的脑电数据作为训练集,参考目标被试的少量历史数据对训练集中的特征数据进行样本选择,实现减少样本数量的同时减少训练集和测试集之间的域差异,之后再通过主成分分析对样本选择后的自适应训练集和目标被试测试集特征进行特征降维,最后再用自适应训练集主成分建立支持向量机分类模型识别测试集样本的脑力负荷状态。结果表明,该方法可以在提高分类效率的同时提高分类精度,实现快速、准确的脑力负荷状态识别。     

一种基于多分类器协同训练的网络异常检测方法

基于机器学习的网络异常检测方法是入侵检测领域的重要研究内容.传统的机器学习方法需要大量的已标记样本对分类器进行训练,然而已标记样本通常较难获取,导致分类器训练困难;此外单分类器训练面临难以消除的分类偏向性和检测孔洞.针对上述问题,本文提出了一种基于多分类器协同训练的异常检测方法MCAD,该方法利用少量的已标记样本和大量的未标记样本对多个分类器进行协同训练,以减少分类的偏向性和检测孔洞.对比实验采用经典的网络异常检测数据集KDD CUP99对MCAD的异常检测性能进行验证。实验结果表明,MCAD有效地降低了检测器训练代价,提高了网络异常检测性能.     

一种全连接粒神经网络分类方法

全连接神经网络需要大量的数据支持，才能训练好一个分类网络，往往现实中没有提供大量的数据供给网络训练。针对全连接神经网络缺少数据训练会使网络分类效果不佳这个问题，研究粒计算理论，从不同角度增广数据并进行粒化，提出一种全连接粒神经网络的分类方法。首先，该网络对所有样本进行单特征参照样本相似度粒化，形成参照样本粒子。同时引入邻域判别函数进行邻域粒化，形成邻域粒子。一个样本上的多个特征粒子构成一个粒向量，将构造的粒向量输入到该网络进行分类，进而提出了全连接粒神经网络。在多个UCI数据集上实验，用全连接粒神经网络和不同的分类算法进行比较，其结果表明了所提出的全连接粒神经网络分类方法的正确性与有效性。     

基于变分模态分解和引力搜索算法的径流预测模型研究

针对月径流数据的数据量小、高度非线性和非平稳性特点,提出了一种基于变分模态分解(VMD)、引力搜索(GSA)与支持向量回归机(SVR)的组合预测模型.首先对月径流样本进行Mann-Kendall(M-K)检验,找出突变点划分训练集与测试集;然后用VMD分别对训练集与测试集进行分解;最后对训练集数据进行训练,利用GSA对...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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