诱导冒落的声发射特性研究

采用RFPA软件,模拟不同应力场、不同节理分布的岩体冒落过程中声发射特征.研究表明:水平节理顶板声发射集中分布于采场上拱角处;竖向节理顶板声发射沿着竖向损伤破坏面和剪切破坏面分布;共轭节理顶板声发射沿着空区与水平面呈45°+φ/2方向,位于节理端部;高应力岩体声发射沿着采场竖墙发生,声发射沿着冒落拱形迹线分布.冒落过程声发射的能量变化分为两个阶段,第一阶段为平稳阶段,第二阶段为突变阶段,结果表明突变阶段的能量变化率为第一阶段的5倍以上时,可作为顶板冒落的判据,为工程预测塌陷及冒落提供指导.     

一维不连续映像动力学时间序列的复杂网络分析

利用复杂网络方法研究了一维不连续映像的动力学,建立了不同动力学状态时间序列相应的复杂网络。对于任意P周期吸引子,可以构成相互独立的P个全连接网络;对于混沌吸引子,可以构成许多分立的复杂网络。同时,讨论了系统所对应网络的连接密度、聚类系数、平均最短路径长度等特征量随控制参数变化的特征,分析了网络特征量与系统动力学之间的联系。结果发现:连接密度在不同周期吸引子间有不连续的跃变,在周期吸引子和混沌吸引子转变时出现不光滑变化;聚类系数和平均最短路径在周期吸引子与混沌吸引子间发生转变,并且在吸引子融合处均呈现不光滑转变。因此,可以用相应复杂网络特征量刻画不同动力学状态及指示其转变,并且当有吸引子共存出现时,这些量可以检出周期吸引子。     

压剪破坏条件下型煤的声发射特征研究

为了给煤炭开采活动中煤岩体和巷道压剪破坏的预报预测提供一定的依据,采用微机控制试验机进行了型煤试块的压剪破坏试验,研究了压剪破坏条件下的声发射特征及压剪应力状态的影响.试验结果表明:声发射伴随于整个型煤压剪破坏的始终,压密阶段之后,声发射事件随应力的增减而增减;当压应力等于剪应力时,声发射事件与试样应力曲线变化趋势最为接近;随着型煤试样剪切破坏强度的下降,声发射事件的峰值也呈现逐渐减小的趋势;低剪切角条件下声发射事件高于高剪切角条件下声发射事件.     

各向异性岩体破坏过程声发射测量及其定位实验研究

应用改进后的声发射设备,实验测量了花岗岩试样在单轴压缩加载条件下变形破坏过程中声发射现象;讨论分析了该试样损伤破坏过程中的诱发微裂纹相互作用、积累等.同时采用对速度结构依赖较少的相对定位方法,对非均质岩石试验中的声发射事件进行了定位研究.结果表明,相对定位方法可用于复杂试样和工程岩体的声发射事件定位,其可靠性及精度比以往有所提高,能够初步定量分析岩石在外载荷作用下的破坏过程的定位问题,对于工程岩体破坏问题分析具有很好的借鉴意义.     

基于声发射监测的巴西盘试样破裂过程

应用声发射及盖格尔定位算法,实验研究了不同巴西盘岩样加载破裂失稳过程.结果表明:声发射事件主要由于裂纹扩展产生,在初始加载阶段直至裂纹萌生之前,其声发射活动不是很明显;一旦岩样出现初始裂纹,在相应的应力点声发射事件明显增多;在微裂纹扩展的非稳定阶段至岩石破坏瞬间,声发射活动变得异常活跃,声发射事件变化率最大.由此直观反映了巴西盘试验过程初始裂纹的产生、扩展空间位置及扩展方向,即大部分试样的破坏是从一加载端开始,而少数试样的初始裂纹是在岩样的内部产生.同时,声发射事件定位也是岩样内部应力场演化过程的宏观表现,这对于深入研究岩石破裂失稳机制很有意义.     

采动煤岩体劣化过程中声发射损伤效应数值模拟

为了研究采动下煤岩体劣化过程的声发射特征并分析其演化规律,运用真实破裂过程分析RFPA2D系统,进行了载荷下煤岩试样的声发射数值模拟试验,分析了加载过程中煤岩体的初始裂纹出现及其扩展过程。模拟计算结果表明:随着加载的进行,煤岩体中的声发射事件逐渐增多,破裂带逐渐显现,直至煤岩体主破坏产生时形成了非常明显的破裂带,此时煤岩体中声发射频度突增,而对应的载荷出现突降;主破坏发生后,由于残余应力的作用,声发射处于较低水平,声发射总频次曲线也基本上没有增长,几乎与载荷曲线保持在水平状态。上述结果对利用煤岩体声发射特征进行煤岩的破坏过程实时动态监测提供了可能性,从而为煤与瓦斯突出动力灾害预测预报问题的深入研究奠定了理论基础。     

不同围压条件下花岗岩压缩破坏声发射特征细观数值模拟

采用颗粒流软件PFC2D从细观上对侧限压缩下的非均匀花岗岩岩样进行了声发射(AE)时空特征研究.结果表明,随着围压的增加,岩样破坏的峰值荷载提高,破坏形式由突发失稳逐渐转变为渐进式破坏.岩样声发射的峰值出现时间和岩样的峰值破坏不同步,存在一定的滞后,大约出现在峰后90%峰值荷载处.在岩样破坏前均存在声发射的相对平静期,围压的大小不仅对声发射的时序特征有显著影响,而且声发射相对平静期也随着围压的增加而延长.通过对应变能的追踪,发现在声发射相对平静期存在应变能被吸收的现象,验证了在岩石破坏过程中存在损伤愈合过程.     

股票市场的非线性结构与混沌效应检验——基于BDS与CR方法

在传统研究方法的基础上,运用Rosenstein提出的小数据量算法计算最大李雅普诺夫指数,进而引入BDS与返回临近检验(CR),从不同角度对中国股票市场的混沌动力学结构进行分析.为了避免破坏混沌吸引子的分形结构,采用对数线性趋势消除法(LLD)进行数据处理.研究结果表明,中国股市具有低维混沌吸引子、对初值敏感依赖性、准周期性等显著的非线性混沌特征.并就市场混沌的经济含义与应用价值进行了探讨.     

一种具有共存吸引子的超混沌系统的动力学分析

提出了一个具有共存吸引子的新五维超混沌系统,系统无平衡点,因此具有隐藏吸引子.通过Lyapunov指数谱、分岔图、相轨迹图、Poincaré截面、参数盘等动力学分析,系统呈现出从周期、倍周期到混沌、超混沌的动力学行为,同时系统具有对称不变性.在参数不变仅改变初值的情况下,系统出现周期与超混沌吸引子共存、周期与混沌吸引子共存.该系统可以引入两个偏置,使吸引子能同时在两个方向上平移.通过参数盘的分析可见,在平移过程中吸引子类型发生了改变,而且具有超混沌与周期吸引子共存特性.改变初值和偏置两种情况均产生共存吸引子,进一步体现出该系统具有复杂的动力学特性.     

具有多稳态和可调数目吸引子共存的混沌系统

由于在混沌系统中,具有多稳态性和可调数目的混沌吸引子在安全通信中有着重要的研究潜力,因此试图建立一个具有多稳态性和可调数目的混沌系统是有意义的.针对此问题,在传统耗散混沌系统的基础上,建立了一个模型较为简单的混沌系统,通过分析系统的动力学特性,验证了随着初始条件的不同,系统在同一相空间中能够产生不同的吸引子共存,进而验证了该系统的多稳态性.在其基础上,将双曲正切函数引入该系统,通过扩展系统平衡点的方法产生吸引子共存,建立了具有可调数目的吸引子的共存,并通过相关理论研究和数值模拟仿真对其进行了验证.最后,基于模型系统进行了模拟电路的实验和验证,表明了该系统能够实现的可能性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with