Hubbard算符和Pauli矩阵之间的转换

目的把用Pauli矩阵表示的哈密顿量转化成用Hubbard算符表示。方法我们利用Hub-bard算符的归一性和正交性给出了Hubbard算符和Pauli矩阵之间转化的运算公式,从而实现了哈密顿量表示方式的转化。结果我们得到了用Hubbard算符表示的自旋梯模型的哈密顿量。结论我们利用自旋梯模型的哈密顿量做为例子,完成了用Pauli矩阵表示的哈密顿量转化成用Hubbard算符表示。     

一维束缚态座标算符函数平均值的计算

引言在量子力学理论中,经常要涉及到计算力学量算符在给定态中的平均值的问题。传统的求算符平均值的方法是根据具体的波函数。这种方法通常运算十分复杂,计算量较大。本文对求一维束缚态中的坐标算符函数平均值,提出了一种简便快速的运算方法,并通过应用解决一些实际问题。     

置换群的优化算符

本文引入置换群的最佳完备算符集(优化算符),用它能以最简便的方式确定不可约表示矩阵。同时还讨论了优化算符的性质、本征值和本征函数,及其在置换群表示论中一些重要问题上的应用。     

Pauli算符转换成 Hubbard算符

文章以各向异性自旋梯模型的哈密顿量作为例子，利用Hubbard算符的归一性和正交性给出了Hubbard算符和Pauli算符之间转化的运算公式，从而把用Pauli算符表示的各向异性自旋梯模型的哈密顿量转化成用Hubbard算符表示．得到了用Hubbard算符表示的各向异性自旋梯模型的哈密顿量。     

各向异性自旋梯模型哈密顿量的Pauli算符与Hubbard算符的转化

利用各向异性自旋梯模型的哈密顿量作为例子,用Hubbard算符的归一性和正交性给出了Hubbard算符和Pauli算符之间转化的运算公式,从而把用Pauli算符表示的各向异性自旋梯模型的哈密顿量转化成用Hubbard算符表示.得到了用Hubbard算符表示的各向异性自旋梯模型的哈密顿量,完成了把用Pauli算符表示的哈密顿量转化成用Hubbard算符表示.     

有关"▽"算符的另一种运算方法

由于"▽"算符是矢量微商算符,有关"▽"算符的运算,对初学者来说是比较困难的.本文介绍"▽"算符的另一种算法,该算法简单、直观,容易计算,应用该方法进行具体运算,所得结果与传统算法所得结果一致.     

Hubbard算符和Pauli算符之间的转换

把用Pauh算符表示的哈密顿量转化成用Hubbard算符表示。利用Hubbard算符的归一性和正交性给出了Hubbard算符和Pauli算符之间转化的运算公式，从而实现了哈密顿量表示方式的转化，得到了用Hubbard算符表示的自旋梯模型的哈密顿量。利用自旋梯模型的哈密顿量做为例子，完成了用Pauli算符表示的哈密顿量转化成用Hubbard算符表示。     

量子统计理论中的密度算符

本文着重讨论有关密度算符的以下两个问题:一、密度算符是怎样定义的;二、密度算符有些什么主要性质.文中以比较自然的方式引入了密度算符的定义,还比较详细地讨论了“双重平均”、密度矩阵的对角元和非对角元的物理意义,并扼要地概括了密度算符的主要性质.     

散射算符及其展开

引言散射实验是研究量子物理的重要工具,散射问题的理论上的处理则是碰撞理论和量子场论中的中心课题。它在探索原子结构、原子核结构以及基本粒子结构及其特征方面具有非常重要的作用,对于散射过程的理论上的处理,是通过一个称之谓散射算符的么正算符把碰撞前后的态联系了起来,而实验上测出的散射截面都可由散射算符 S 的矩阵元来表示。本文旨在讨论处理算散算符的数学方法。     

J-C模型中求解波函数的算符矩阵方法

提出了一种利用算符矩阵的方法,可以简便地求出J-C模型中的能量本征值和本征函数,并得到波函数随时间的演化规律.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with