介孔钨锆复合氧化物载铂催化剂制备及其催化甘油氢解性能

使用共沉淀-浸渍法制备介孔钨锆复合氧化物。通过X线衍射(XRD)、NH_3程序升温脱附(NH_3-TPD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和N_2物理吸附-脱附等方法对介孔钨锆复合氧化物进行表征。通过连续流动的固定床反应器考察钨锆复合氧化物载铂催化剂对甘油氢解反应的催化性能。结果表明:与商业Zr(OH)_4制备的钨锆复合氧化物相比,由共沉淀法制得的Zr(OH)_4制备的钨锆复合氧化物具有最大的总酸量和最多的弱酸含量。并且由共沉淀-浸渍法制备的介孔钨锆复合氧化物颗粒团聚现象较少,更加疏松分散,具有最大的介孔(17. 8 nm)、最小的平均粒径(9. 3 nm)和最大的比表面积(87 m~2/g),其在负载铂后对甘油氢解反应的活性也最高。     

聚乙二醇模板对多孔氧化物复合材料的影响

以聚乙二醇(PEG)为模板剂、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了铜掺杂介孔硅铝氧化物复合材料,并通过N2等温吸附-脱附法、X射线衍射、红外光谱等测试对产物进行表征,考察了PEG质量、分子量以及CuO掺杂量对复合材料孔结构的影响.结果表明:加入PEG能够明显增加复合材料的比表面积,随PEG质量增大,介孔孔容增多,孔径分布较均匀,加入24 g PEG时比表面积增加一倍达到约500 m2.g-1.PEG的分子量为600～2 000时样品以4 nm介孔为主,而分子量为10 000时,样品以小于2 nm的微孔为主.     

介孔SO■/ZrO_2的制备、表征及应用

使用水热合成法,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,ZrOCl_2·8H_2O为锆源,水为溶剂,在碱性条件下成功地制备出介孔SO■/ZrO_2.通过傅里叶红外光谱分析(FTIR),N_2物理吸脱附(BET),透射电镜(TEM), X射线衍射(XRD),氨程序升温脱附(NH_3-TPD)手段对其结构进行了表征.结果发现,550℃煅烧后样品的比表面积为179 m~2/g,平均孔径为4.1 nm;TEM显示样品的孔道呈蠕虫状;NH_3-TPD表征发现该催化剂具有超强酸性.该催化剂用于煎炸废油甲酯化反应中生物柴油的制备,具有较高的活性,在200℃下反应6 h后的收率能达91%以上.     

介孔催化剂的制备表征及在合成气制低碳醇中的应用

采用真空浸渍法制备了一系列修饰有ZrO_2的介孔Al_2O_3负载的CoCu双金属介孔纳米复合催化剂.对催化剂进行了X射线衍射(XRD)、N_2吸脱附实验(BET)和H_2-程序升温还原表征(H_2-TPR),系统考察了催化剂的物相结构、比表面积、孔结构以及H_2还原性能.并将催化剂用于合成气制备低碳醇的反应中,发现此催化剂具备良好的CO加氢活性和低碳醇选择性,这主要是由于催化剂具有高比表面积、适宜的孔分布以及高分散的活性组分.     

孔径可调介孔La-Co-Ce-O系复合氧化物的制备

采用有机模板剂去除法制备介孔La-Co-Ce-O系复合氧化物,研究溶液体系的pH值及模板剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)浓度对晶态和孔径结构影响;对制备的样品采用XRD测试和N2吸脱附方法表征其晶态结构和孔径结构。研究结果表明:该介孔氧化物具有较高的比表面积(高达160m2/g)和均匀的孔径;当pH值和CTAB浓度变化时,实现介孔La-Co-Ce-O系复合氧化物的孔径在3.0～21.0nm之间可调;制备条件的变化对介孔氧化物样品的晶态结构稍有影响。     

介孔二氧化铈材料的合成与表征

采用聚合物P123为模板剂、正硅酸乙酯为硅源水热成功合成了具有介孔、二维六角结构的SBA-15,并以SBA-15为硬模板、蔗糖为碳源合成了具有有序介孔结构的CMK-3碳材料.将CMK-3浸渍于硝酸亚铈溶液中,经过干燥、焙烧,制备出了具有二维六角结构的二氧化铈材料.利用N2物理吸附、X光粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)对所得材料进行了物化性质测试与结构表征.结果表明,合成的二氧化铈具有面心立方结构,呈现IV型吸-脱附等温线及H3型滞后环,孔径分布均一,平均孔径3.3 nm,其比表面积达104.2 m2/g.     

模板剂对介孔碳孔道结构及有序性的影响

分别以三嵌段聚合物F127、P123以及P123/F127作为模板剂,酚醛树脂为有机碳源,采用溶剂挥发自组装法制备有序介孔碳材料。采用XRD,TEM和N2吸/脱附等手段对有序介孔碳进行表征,研究F127、P123及P123/F127复合模板剂对介孔碳孔道结构及有序性的影响。结果表明,使用单一模板剂时,F127较P123更易产生有序六方介孔结构;使用P123/F127复合模板剂,介孔碳有较好的二维六方有序性,介孔孔容和比表面积较单独使用F127作模板分别提高了50%与31%;当m(P123)/m(F127)=1/3时,所得介孔碳BET比表面积为498.5 m2/g,介孔孔容和比表面积分别为0.173 cm3/g和167m2/g,平均孔径为3.41 nm。     

CTAB辅助下WO3/ZrO2复合纳米材料的制备及表征

在十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的辅助下,利用水热法制备了WO3/ZrO2复合氧化物纳米样品,利用XRD、TEM、SAED、N2吸附-脱附等方法对样品的形貌、结构、孔径进行了表征.结果表明:氧化钨被氧化锆包覆煅烧后,团聚成网状结构的纳米粒子,其BET表面积为368m2/g,平均孔径为5.29nm,孔分布不均匀,无序程度极高.     

焙烧温度对S2O8^2-／ZrO2介孔超强酸的结构与性能的影响

以硝酸锆为锆源,以阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）为模板剂,S2O8^2-浸渍无定形Zr（OH）4,制得介孔S2O8^2-／ZrO2固体超强酸,通过N2吸附－脱附、XRD分析、Hammett非水滴定、TEM等方法,考察了不同焙烧温度对S2O8^2-／ZrO2介孔超强酸晶体结构、酸强度等性能的影响。结果表明,当焙烧温度600℃,S2O8^2-／ZrO2样品比表面积为140m2／g,平均孔径在3～4nm之间,酸强度H0≤-12．7,为介孔相固体超强酸。     

有序介孔Cr_2O_3-CeO_2的制备与表征

以硝酸铬和硝酸铈作金属源、用介孔氧化硅作硬模板,通过真空辅助浸渍法制备得到高比表面积有序介孔Cr2O3-Ce O2复合氧化物,采用XRD、TEM、UV-Vis和N2吸附-脱附技术表征了样品的物理化学性质.结果表明,经过500℃灼烧处理的样品(meso-Cr-Ce)孔壁晶化度高且虫孔结构发达,比表面积达160 m2/g,平均孔径为7.2 nm,在紫外和可见光区还具有优良的吸光性能.这些特性将使该材料在催化领域特别是光催化领域有着广阔的应用前景.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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