悬挂式单轨车辆转向架设计原理与结构组成

正0引言随着城镇化建设步伐的加快,悬挂式单轨交通以其占地面积少、建设成本和运营成本低、编组灵活、环境友好以及良好的爬坡能力和曲线通过能力等优点,逐渐得到城市轨道交通系统建设者的青睐与关注。鉴于悬挂式单轨车辆有别于其他城市轨道交通车辆的结构特点,转向架设计对于悬挂式单轨车辆有其特殊意义,本文以某悬挂式单轨交通系统车辆为例,说明悬挂式单轨车辆转向架的设计原理与结构组成。     

单轴转向架跨座式单轨车辆悬挂系统参数优化分析

为了改善单轴转向架跨座式单轨车辆的曲线通过性能,对单轴转向架跨座式单轨车辆的结构及运行机理进行分析;运用SIMPACK动力学仿真软件,建立单轴式单轨车辆动力学仿真模型;然后,通过Isight多目标优化软件对单轴式单轨车辆悬挂系统参数进行灵敏度分析,得到车辆过弯时对导向力矩和走行轮侧偏力影响较大的参数;最后,以导向力矩与走行轮侧偏力为目标,采用改进型遗传算法进行多目标优化研究.结果表明:优化后单轴式单轨车辆的导向力矩比优化前减少了3.67%,走行轮侧偏力比优化前减少了6.30%,在一定程度上改善了单轴转向架跨座式单轨车辆的曲线通过性能.     

跨坐式单轨车耦合转向架的径向机理及参数影响

建立了跨坐式单轨车辆耦合转向架稳态曲线通过理论模型,推导了耦合转向架的径向调节机理,并推导出径向条件所需耦合参数的计算公式。建立了带有耦合转向架的跨坐式单轨车辆动力学模型,仿真了耦合转向架的曲线通过性能并验证了耦合转向架的径向调节能力,同时分析了耦合参数对耦合转向架径向调节能力及曲线通过性能的影响。研究结果表明:最佳耦合回转刚度仅与车辆结构参数及二系纵向刚度相关,合理选取耦合回转刚度可以使耦合转向架在二系悬挂系统和耦合机构的共同作用下,在圆曲线上自动达到径向位置,此时最大导向轮径向力明显减小,车辆的曲线通过安全性得到显著提高;耦合横向刚度对摇头角稳态值的影响很小,但耦合横向刚度的存在会恶化转向架在缓和曲线上的动力学性能。     

曲线段车速和轨距对悬挂式单轨车辆导向力影响研究

结合悬挂式单轨车辆的结构特点,采用多体动力学理论建立了动力学仿真模型,分析计算了曲线段车速和轨距对悬挂式单轨车辆导向力的影响.结果表明:列车通过曲线段时,车速对车辆导向力影响明显,导向力与速度基本呈线性关系;轨距对车辆导向力影响不明显,工程设计时应尽量考虑不加宽轨距.     

跨座式单轨工程作业车两轴转向架的设计

阐述了跨坐式单轨工程作业车运行工况,详细介绍了时速40 km/h跨坐式单轨工程作业车两轴转向架的结构、性能、技术参数等。     

跨座式单轨交通系统动力学问题研究

跨座式单轨交通车辆的转向架和轨道梁与其他轨道交通系统不同,因而其动力学问题具有自身特点,其车桥动力耦合作用影响相对较为突出。文中通过查阅相关资料,系统总结了跨座式单轨交通动力学问题的研究现状及存在问题,为进一步的研究工作打下基础。     

转向架回转特性的测定

结合转向架参数测定试验台的结构特点,提出了基于刚体定轴转动定律的转向架回转特性试验方法.借助空间坐标变换理论和空间向量夹角定理建立了回转力矩计算数学模型,利用运动学逆解及正解分别实现了作动器位移控制指令及回转角度实时值的解算.利用该试验台对某型车在回转速度分别为0.2°/s及l°/s下进行了空气弹簧正常、失气状态的实车试验.试验结果表明:各工况转向架的回转阻力系数均小于0.08,符合EN-14363标准要求;车辆曲线行驶的车速及空气弹簧状态对车辆曲线通过性影响均比较显著;通过回转阻力系数实验值与理论计算值的比较分析,验证了试验结果的可信性及所建模型的准确性.     

横风激扰下的跨座式单轨车辆运行平稳性分析

对横风激扰下的跨座式单轨车辆的运行平稳性进行分析.首先,分别采用瞬态中国帽风载模型和非定常随机风载模型模拟动态风场,建立跨座式单轨车辆动力学模型,并将两种风载模型作为外部激励分别施加到车辆上.其次,采取数值仿真方法,分析不同车速、风速、合成风向角的跨座式单轨车辆在横风作用时的动力响应.最后,对车辆运行平稳性进行评估,计算限值下的临界安全风速,得到横风激扰下跨座式单轨车辆运行的安全区域.结果表明:车速、风速和合成风向角对跨座式单轨车辆的运行平稳性有显著影响;当车速和风速过大时,车辆会发生失稳现象.     

两种悬挂式单轨车辆动力学性能对比分析

以2种悬挂式单轨车辆为研究对象,针对车辆结构及整车受力传递关系进行了研究分析,建立具有完整拓扑结构关系的仿真模型,采用多工况仿真计算的方法,得到2种车辆选型的动力学性能对比分析结果.结果表明,直线运行工况下,车速在60km/h以内时,2种悬挂式单轨车辆均符合舒适性、平稳性和安全性的运行标准,但随着车速的增加,日本悬挂式单轨车辆表现出较稳定的动力学性能特性;在曲线运行工况下,2种悬挂式单轨车辆均能保证轮胎最大受力值保持在最大负荷值以内,满足曲线安全运行标准,其中,德国悬挂式单轨车辆表现出较好的小半径通过性能,并且由于稳定轮的设置表现出更好的曲线通过平稳性.     

地震引起的货物列车脱轨全过程计算

为确保地震作用下货物列车在脱轨瞬间及时停车,建立地震作用下列车-轨道系统空间振动计算模型,并提出地震作用下列车脱轨全过程计算方法;以9~10级地震烈度下的强震为研究对象,分别计算货物列车以不同车速在直线和曲线线路上的脱轨全过程,分析轮轨几何接触状态及其相对位置.结果表明:地震烈度及车速对转向架与钢轨横向相对位移影响明显,而对转向架摇头角影响较小;曲线轨道对转向架与钢轨横向相对位移、转向架摇头角影响均较大;转向架与钢轨横向相对位移及转向架摇头角最大值分别为155 mm和4.6°.这些数据可为列车脱轨检测装置的研发提供参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with