铸钢轧辊电火花沉积YG8涂层的组织结构和性能

采用新型电火花沉积设备,把YG8电极材料沉积在铸钢轧辊材料上,制备了WC沉积涂层,研究了其微观组织及耐磨性能. 结果表明:沉积层主要由Fe3W3C、Co3W3C、W2C和Fe7W6C等相组成;沉积层与基体冶金结合,具有纳米颗粒尺寸的Fe7W6、W2C等硬质相弥散分布于沉积层中;沉积层的平均硬度为1 331 HV;沉积层较铸钢轧辊的磨损性能提高了2.3倍;沉积层的磨损机理以疲劳磨损为主,细小的弥散分布的硬质相是沉积层硬度及耐磨性提高的主要因素.     

堆焊Mo-Cr-Fe-B合金覆层的组织及性能研究

采用自制Mo-Cr-Fe-B系药芯焊丝通过堆焊法在Q235钢基体表面制备覆层。借助光学显微镜、SEM、XRD、EDS、显微硬度计、磨损试验机等对覆层及结合界面的组织结构、物相、硬度分布及耐磨性进行了表征与分析,并研究了覆层堆焊成型的反应过程。结果表明,覆层主要由Mo_2FeB_2、M_3B_2(M:Mo、Cr、Fe)、Fe_2B、Fe(Cr、Mo)等相组成,覆层与钢基体结合良好,在覆层-钢基体界面结合处有元素的扩散,覆层硬度最高可达980HV0.5且耐磨性良好。     

Preparation and properties of the Ni-Al/Fe-Al intermetallics composite coating produced by plasma cladding

A novel approach to produce an intermetallic composite coating was put forward. The microstructure, microhardness, and dry-sliding wear behavior of the composite coating were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) analysis, microhardness test, and ball-on-disc wear experiment. XRD results indicate that some new phases FeAl, Fe_0.23Ni_0.77Al, and Ni₃Al exit in the composite coating with the Al₂O₃ addition. SEM results show that the coating is bonded with carbon steel metallurgically and exhibits typical rapid directional solidification structures. The Cr₇C₃ carbide and intermetallic compounds co-reinforced composite coating has a high average hardness and exhibits an excellent wear resistance under dry-sliding wear test compared with the Cr₇C₃ carbide-reinforced composite coating. The formation mechanism of the intermetallic compounds was also investigated.     

Microstructure and wear resistance of PTA clad Cr7C3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating

A wear resistant Cr7C3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating was fabricated on substrate of the hardening and tempering C degree steel by PTA (plasma transferred arc) cladding with (wt%) Fe-25Cr-7C elemental powder blends. Microstructure of the coating was characterized by OM, SEM, XRD and EDS. Wear resistance of the coating was tested under dry sliding wear condition at room temperature. The results indicate that the PTA clad ceramal composite coating has a rapidly solidified fine microstructure consisting of Cr7C3 primary particles uniformly distributed in the γ-Fe matrix and is metallurgically bonded to the C degree steel substrate. The PTA clad Cr7C3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating has high hardness and excellent wear resistance under dry sliding wear test conditions. The excellent wear resistance of the Cr7C3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating is attributed to the coating's high hardness, strong covalent atomic bonding and refined microstructure.     

原位生成TaB_2颗粒增强镍基复合涂层的组织与耐磨性

以Ta粉、B粉和Ni60A粉为原料,利用氩弧熔覆技术在Q235钢基体表面制备原位生成TaB_2颗粒以增强Ni基复合涂层。通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计以及摩擦磨损试验机对复合涂层的显微组织、物相、显微硬度以及涂层耐磨性进行分析研究。结果表明,镍基复合涂层形成良好,没有气孔和裂纹等缺陷,涂层与基体呈现良好的冶金结合。熔覆层由原位生成的TaB_2颗粒相、Fe-Cr相及Cr_7C_3相组成。TaB_2颗粒弥散分布在基体上,氩弧熔覆涂层的平均显微硬度达到11.50 GPa,比基体Q235钢提高约4倍。在室温干滑动磨损条件下,该熔覆涂层的耐磨性比基体提高约12倍。     

氩弧熔覆原位合成TiN复合涂层的组织与耐磨性

为提高钢材料的耐磨性,以Ti、TiN和Ni60A三种粉末作为涂层材料,采用氩弧熔覆、原位合成技术,在Q235钢表面制备TiN复合涂层.利用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、显微硬度计及滑动磨损实验机（MMS-2B）对复合涂层的显微组织结构、硬度和耐磨性进行分析.结果表明：涂层主要由TiN和α-Fe组成,TiN分布均匀且与基体呈现冶金结合,涂层显微硬度最高达738.17 GPa,耐磨性为Q235钢的8倍.涂层在室温干滑动摩擦磨损条件下表现出优异的耐磨损性能,具有应用价值.     

Characterization of Fe3Si-based coatings on low silicon steel by pulsed Nd:YAG laser cladding

The Fe₃Si based coating was produced on the Fe-1 Si steel surface by a pulsed Nd:YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) laser. Its phase constitution and microstructure were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscope (OM), and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) with associated energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The hyperfine structure of the coating was studied by Mrssbauer spectra (MS) and the magnetic property was also measured at room temperature by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The obtained coating is pore and crack-free with dense microstructure and high Si content. The metallurgical bonding between the coating and the substrate was realized. The microstructure of the coating is typical fine dendrites. The major phase was confirmed by XRD and TEM to be the ordering D0₃ structured Fe₃Si phase. In addition, there were smaller amounts of the Fe₅Si₃ phase and the γ-Fe phase in the coating. Compared with the substrate, the laser cladding coating has a lower saturation magnetization and a higher coercive force. The poor magnetic property might be because of rapid solidification microstructure and phase constitution in the coating.     

Bonding characteristics of the Al2O3-metal composite coating fabricated onto carbon steel by combustion synthesis

The fabrication of an alumina-metal composite coating onto a carbon steel substrate by using a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis technique was demonstrated. The effects of the type and thickness of the pre-coated layer on the binding structure and surface quality of the coating were systematically investigated. The macrostructure, phase composition, and bonding interface between the coating and the substrate were investigated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). The diffraction patterns indicated that the coating essentially consisted of α-Al₂O₃, Fe(Cr), and FeO·Al₂O₃. With an increase in the thickness of the pre-coated working layer, the coating became more smooth and compact. The transition layer played an important role in enhancing the binding between the coating and the substrate. When the pre-coated working layer was 10 mm and the pre-coated transition layer was 1 mm, a compact structure and metallurgical bonding with the substrate were obtained. Thermal shock test results indicated that the ceramic coating exhibited good thermal shock resistance when the sample was rapidly quenched from 800°C to room temperature by plunging into water.     

Effect of scanning speed during PTA remelting treatment on the microstructure and wear resistance of nodular cast iron

The surface of nodular cast iron (NCI) with a ferrite substrate was rapidly remelted and solidified by plasma transferred arc (PTA) to induce a chilled structure with high hardness and favorable wear resistance. The effect of scanning speed on the microstructure, microhardness distribution, and wear properties of PTA-remelted specimens was systematically investigated. Microstructural characterization indicated that the PTA remelting treatment could dissolve most graphite nodules and that the crystallized primary austenite dendrites were transformed into cementite, martensite, an interdendritic network of ledeburite eutectic, and certain residual austenite during rapid solidification. The dimensions of the remelted zone and its dendrites increase with decreased scanning speed. The microhardness of the remelted zone varied in the range of 650 HV_0.2 to 820 HV_0.2, which is approximately 2.3–3.1 times higher than the hardness of the substrate. The wear resistance of NCI was also significantly improved after the PTA remelting treatment.     

Preparation and performance of a cold gas dynamic sprayed high-aluminum bronze coating

By mixing preheated high-aluminum bronze powders with different amounts of Al₂O₃ powder, a low-pressure cold-sprayed coating was prepared and sprayed onto a Cr12MoV steel substrate. The hardness of the coating and the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate were tested with a HV-1000 microhardness tester and a mechanical universal testing machine. The surface microstructure, cross-section and tensile fracture surface of the coating were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Correspondingly, the influences of the preheat treatment temperature of the bronze powder and the Al₂O₃ content on the coating performance were investigated. The results indicate that the hardness of bronze powders decreased and the coating deposition rate increased after the preheating treatment of the bronze powder. The Al₂O₃ content in the mixed powders contributed to the deformation of bronze powders during the spraying process. This trend resulted in varied performance of the coating.     

氩弧熔敷原位自生WC复合涂层组织及耐磨性

为提高采煤机中截齿的耐磨性能,利用氩弧熔敷技术,在35CrMnSi钢表面制备WC增强Ni基复合涂层。利用OM、SEM、XRD和EDS分析复合涂层的显微组织,采用显微维氏硬度仪测试复合涂层的显微硬度,并测试涂层在室温磨损条件下的耐磨性能。结果表明：氩弧熔敷涂层组织均匀致密,熔敷涂层与基体呈冶金结合,主要由WC、W：C、T—Ni、（Fe,Cr）23,C6等物相组成;WC颗粒呈弥散分布,颗粒尺寸为1txm;熔敷涂层可以改善基体的表面硬度,最高显微硬度可达12．6GPa;熔敷涂层在室温冲击磨粒磨损实验条件下,具有优异的耐磨性,磨损机制主要是磨粒磨桶．其耐磨性较35CrMnSi基体提高近12倍。     

316奥氏体不锈钢渗N/镀CrN复合改性层组织与性能

分别在400、440、480 ℃下对316奥氏体不锈钢进行12 h的渗氮处理,再对渗氮后的试样进行物理气相沉积(PVD)镀CrN薄膜.采用扫描电镜(SEM)、光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、维氏显微硬度计和材料表面综合测试仪(HSR-2M)、电化学工作站等对复合改性层的表面形貌、截面形貌、成分、显微硬度、耐磨性以及耐蚀性进行测试.结果表明:400 ℃离子渗N/镀CrN试样耐磨性最差,耐蚀性最好;而480 ℃离子渗N/镀CrN试样耐磨性最好,耐蚀性最差;但比相同温度下单独渗氮试样的综合性能好.     

大面积Ni25合金梯度涂层的激光熔覆

激光熔覆是一种有效的金属表面改性方法。本文采用在45号钢上熔覆一层Ni25合金涂层。并对获得的熔覆层进行组织、硬度、耐磨和腐蚀性能的研究。结果表明:激光熔覆后的熔覆层表面的硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性较基体有很大的提高。     

Influence of Re-Ti modification on the high impact wear resistance of high Si bainitic cast steel

The effect of rare earth (Re) and titanium (Ti) multi-modification on the impact wear behavior of Mn-B high-Si bainitic cast steel was investigated systematically. The experiments show that the impact wear resistance can be improved greatly with the addition of Re and Ti. Its wear loss is only about 1/3-1/2 as large as that of the unmodified bainitic cast steel. By the Re/Ti modification, coarse dendrite grains and bainitic/martensite duplex structure have been refined effectively, and the impact toughness of the bainitic cast steel is nearly tripled (10 mm×10 mm×55 mm, with unnotched sample). Consequently, the modified bainitic cast steel possesses good wear resistance under high impact. For both modified and unmodified bainitic cast steels, high hardness white layer and deformed zone are developed beneath the worn surface under the high impact wear, but the formation and propagation of cracks are different for these bainitic casting steels. Different models for the formation and propagation of cracks for both modified and unmodified bainitic cast steels under high impact wear are proposed.     

Cr-N涂层高速钢在Na3PO4水溶液中的摩擦－腐蚀电化学噪声行为

在M2高速钢表面磁控溅射制备Cr-N耐磨减摩涂层,用SEM观察涂层组织,采用XPS及GDOES分析涂层表面价态及主要元素分布情况,利用附带电化学噪声装置的微动摩擦学试验机测试涂层及基材在0.02mol/LNa3PO4溶液环境下的摩擦学性能及其同步电化学噪声变化规律,并与涂层及基材在干摩擦条件下的摩擦学性能指标进行对比.研究结果表明:涂层为双层及双组分结构,组成相为Cr+CrN:涂层在空气介质中表现出优异的耐磨减摩特性,但在Na3PO4水溶液环境下介质中,由于涂层接触区域的去钝化/再钝化以及界面点蚀使腐蚀和磨损相互加速,导致Cr-N涂层丧失了减摩及抗磨作用,失效行为完全不同于干摩擦条件.     

真空熔烧钴基自熔合金涂层的组织与性能

用真空熔烧方法在 4 0 Cr钢表面制得钴基自熔合金涂层。用金相显微镜和 X射线衍射仪分析涂层的显微组织。用环块磨损试验机进行了磨损试验 ,并进行了腐蚀试验。比较了钴基自熔合金涂层与激冷铸铁、GCr15钢的耐磨性及耐蚀性。结果表明 ,涂层主要由 Co基固溶体、共晶体和碳化物组成 ,真空熔烧钴基自熔合金涂层的耐磨性及耐蚀性比激冷铸铁、GCr15钢要高。     

Corrosion-wear behavior of nanocrystalline Fe88Si12 alloy in acid and alkaline solutions

The corrosion-wear behavior of a nanocrystalline Fe₈₈Si₁₂ alloy disc coupled with a Si₃N₄ ball was investigated in acid (pH 3) and alkaline (pH 9) aqueous solutions. The dry wear was also measured for reference. The average friction coefficient of Fe₈₈Si₁₂ alloy in the pH 9 solution was approximately 0.2, which was lower than those observed for Fe₈₈Si₁₂ alloy in the pH 3 solution and in the case of dry wear. The fluctuation of the friction coefficient of samples subjected to the pH 9 solution also showed similar characteristics. The wear rate in the pH 9 solution slightly increased with increasing applied load. The wear rate was approximately one order of magnitude less than that in the pH 3 solution and was far lower than that in the case of dry wear, especially at high applied load. The wear traces of Fe₈₈Si₁₂ alloy under different wear conditions were examined and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicated that the tribo-chemical reactions that involve oxidation of the worn surface and hydrolysis of the Si₃N₄ ball in the acid solution were restricted in the pH 9 aqueous solution. Thus, water lubrication can effectively improve the wear resistance of nanocrystalline Fe₈₈Si₁₂ alloy in the pH 9 aqueous solution.     

微纳米超硬TiAlSiN涂层的研究与应用进展

微纳米超硬TiAlSiN涂层是一种硬度高、耐磨性抗粘附性好、化学惰性强的氮化物涂层,特别适合在加工不锈钢、高温合金以及超硬材料的工具表面上应用。对TiAlSiN涂层的制备方法,影响微纳米超硬涂层内部结构的因素,涂层的硬度、摩擦性能、磨损性能、抗氧化性能、切削性能、抗粘附性及涂层的应用等方面进行了综述,同时对微纳米超硬TiAlSiN涂层的发展趋势进行了展望。     

镍基纳米SiC复合镀层的摩擦学性能

为研究镍基纳米 Si C复合镀层的摩擦学性能 ,在A3钢板上制备了该镀层 ,利用扫描电镜对镀层显微组织进行观察 ,通过纳米显微力学探针测量镀层微区硬度 ,在 MM-2 0 0摩擦磨损试验机上对镀层进行磨损试验 ,研究阴极电流密度、温度和镀液中 Si C浓度等主要工艺参数对镀层耐磨性能的影响。结果表明 :Si C颗粒在镀层中分布均匀 ;Si C颗粒附近镀层的硬度是纯镍镀层的 3倍 ,但随着远离 Si C,复合镀层硬度明显下降 ;复合镀层的耐磨性能与普通镍镀层相比有较大幅度的提高 ,在油润滑条件下磨损体积为普通镍镀层的 1/ 8。     

化学沉积法制备Ni-P-SiC(C)复合镀层的研究

选择廉价的SiC和石C颗粒作为复合镀层添加物，用化学沉积法在碳钢表面制度Ni-P-SiC(C)复合镀层，研究了复合镀层的制备工艺，镀液配方以及复合镀层的性能等，结果显示：风表面开成的复合镀层厚薄均一，SiC和石墨C颗粒在镀层中分布均匀，镀层开成速度理想，表明本文采用的工艺技术合理可行，与单一的Ni-P镀层相比，Ni-P-SiC和Ni-P-C复镀层耐磨性能均有不同程度的提高，而将2种不同性能的SiC和C颗粒同时加入槽液，形成的Ni-P-SiC－C复合镀层具有最优异的耐磨性能。