Effect of Dy substitution on the microstructure and magnetic properties of nanograin Nd-Fe-B single-phase alloys

Nanocrystalline single-phase alloys with the nominal compositions (at%) of Nd_12.3-xDy_xFe_79.7Zr_0.8Nb_0.8Cu_0.4B_6.0 (x=0, 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5) were prepared by melt-spinning and subsequent annealing. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the as-spun ribbons were mainly composed of the amorphous phase. A slight content of Dy stabilizes the amorphous phase during annealing treatment. The grain size becomes smaller and the coercivity of the annealed ribbon is gradually improved with the increase of Dy content. Excessive Dy is harmful to the remanence. It is found that no intergranular phase exists between the grains by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and the grain boundaries are crystallographically coherent in the optimally annealed sample. The optimum magnetic properties of remanence (J_r=1.09 T), coercivity (H_ci=1048 kA/m), and maximum magnetic energy product ((BH)_m=169.5 kJ/m3) are obtained from the x=0.5 ribbon in a post heat-treated state (700℃, 10 min).     

钙钛矿La0.7CexBa0.3-xMnO3的磁热性能研究

【目的】通过固相反应法制备La_(0.7)Ce_xBa_(0.3-x)MnO_3(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)的钙钛矿锰氧化物,研究Ce元素的不同掺杂量对原体系磁热性能的影响。通过Ce元素的掺杂,来调节原体系过高的居里温度以及改善体系的磁热性能。【方法】通过X射线粉末衍射的方式确定其单相结构,并使用振动样品磁强计对钙钛矿样品进行磁性能的测试。【结果】La0.7CexBa0.3-xMnO3(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)的居里温度分别为342.1K,319.8K,270.0K,244.3K和199.7K。在0~2T的外磁场下,该体系的最大磁熵变分别为2.54J/(kg·K),2.32J/(kg·K),2.51J/(kg·K),2.03J/(kg·K)和1.87J/(kg·K),且最大磁熵变都在居里温度附近。【结论】随着Ce元素掺杂量的增加,化合物居里温度逐渐降低;而最大磁熵变则呈先减小后增大又减小的趋势。同时由Arrott曲线判断这5个样品的相变都是二级相变。当Ce元素的掺杂量为0.05~0.10时,该体系的居里温度在室温附近,且最大磁熵变仍保持较大的值。     

Co80+xZr20-x 合金的永磁性能

利用X射线衍射和磁性测量研究Co_80+xZr_20-x（x=0,1,2,3,4）合金、 快淬薄带的结构与磁性. 结果表明, 所有样品的比饱和磁化强度均较大, 且在实验范围内随退火温度的升高而增加; 经750℃热处理2 h后, Co₈₁Zr₁₉样品的比饱和磁化强度达到最大值128 (A·m2)/kg; Co₈₂Zr₁₈快淬样品在25 m/s速率下的矫顽力最大, 为60 kA/m, 根据该样品中Co5Zr相的含量较大可知, Co₅Zr相为Co-Zr合金的硬磁相; 由初始磁化曲线可知, 所有样品的矫顽力机制为成核模型.      

快淬纳米复合α-Fe/Pr2Fe14B薄带的硬磁性研究

通过熔体快淬法得到α Fe/Pr₂ Fe_{1 4} B纳米双相磁体, 研究了不同辊速快淬带的磁性能, 找到最佳直接快淬辊速条件, 并比较了直接快淬得到的样品和非晶薄带晶化后得到的样品的磁性能, 发现直接快淬得到的样品的矫顽力和机械性能优于非晶晶化样品。     

Effect of Co addition on crystallization and magnetic properties of FeSiBPCu alloy

The effects of Co addition on the microstructure,crystallization processes and soft magnetic properties of(Fe1 xCox)83Si4B8P4Cu1(x?0.35,0.5,0.65)alloys were investigated.The experimental results demonstrated that the addition of Co decreased the thermal stability against crystallization of the amorphous phase,and thus improved the heat treatment temperature of this alloy.Fe Co Si BPCu nanocrystalline alloys with a dispersedα0-Fe Co phase were obtained by appropriately annealing the as-quenched ribbons at 763 K for 10 min.Theα0-Fe Co with grains size ranging from 9 to 28 nm was identified in primary crystallization.The coercivity(Hc)markedly increased with increasing x and exhibited a minimum value at x0.35,while the saturation magnetic flux density(Bs)shows a slight decrease.The(Fe0.65Co0.35)83Si4B8P4Cu1nanocrystalline alloy exhibited a high saturation magnetic flux density Bsof 1.68 T,a low coercivity,Hcof 5.4 A/m and a high effective permeability meof 29,000 at 1 k Hz.     

Magnetic properties of Fe3(1−x)Cr3xC alloys

The magnetic properties of Fe_3(1−x)Cr_3xC alloys with x=0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2, which crystallize in the cementite Fe₃C-type structure with space group Pnma, were investigated by means of magnetization measurements. These alloys show temperature-induced second-order magnetic phase transitions. The Curie temperature (T_c) of these alloys decreases with increasing x. The isothermal magnetic-entropy changes of these alloys were derived from the magnetic isotherms measured with increasing temperature and increasing field. The maximum values of the magnetic-entropy change are about 0.9 and 3.6 J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹ at T_c =360 K for x = 0.05 in a magnetic field change from 0 to 1 T and 0 to 5 T, respectively.     

(La0.9Dy0.1)2/3Ba1/3Mn1-xAlxO3(x=0,0.05)氧化物的结构与磁性

【目的】为改善(La_(0.9)Dy_(0.1))_(2/3)Ba_(1/3)Mn_(1-x)Al_xO_3的磁热性能,研究掺杂Al对其晶体结构、居里温度、相变类型以及磁热性能的影响。【方法】采用固相反应法制备锰氧化物(La_(0.9)Dy_(0.1))_(2/3)Ba_(1/3)Mn_(1-x)Al_xO_3(x=0,0.05)样品,利用X射线衍射法分析样品的结构,用振动样品磁强计测量样品的磁性。【结果】所制备样品均为单相钙钛矿结构,属于菱方晶系,空间群为R-3c(No.167)。掺杂Al使样品居里温度由无掺杂的274K降低到248K,在外加磁场变化为20kOe时最大磁熵变由2.16J/(kg·K)降低到1.85J/(kg·K)。样品的铁磁-顺磁相变属于二级相变。采用双交换作用机制解释了居里温度和磁化强度的变化。【结论】非磁性元素Al替代Mn不改变其晶体结构,稍微降低了锰氧化物的磁热性能。     

(Nd1-xErx)3Fe27.31Ti1.69化合物的磁晶各向异性

用振动样品磁强计并结合X射线衍射准确判定了Nd_2.4Er_0.6Fe_27.31Ti_1.69化合物的磁晶各向异性方式, 研究结果发现, Nd_2.4Er_0.6Fe_27.31Ti_1.69化合物的磁晶各向异性从室温时的易面转变到低温时的易锥.     

Effects of yttrium on the formation and magnetic properties of bulk metallic glassy (Fe,Co)-B-Si-Nb alloys

The bulk metallic glassy (BMG) rods of [(Fe_0.5Co_0.5)_0.72B_0.192Si_0.048Nb_0.04]_100-xY_x (x=0-6) and [(Fe_xCo_1-x)_0.72B_0.192Si_0.048Nb_0.04]₉₆Y₄ (x=0.5-0.8) were prepared by copper mold casting. The structure, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the samples were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Adding 1at% to 6at% of yttrium, the bulk glassy alloy rods of [(Fe_0.5Co_0.5)_0.72B_0.192Si_0.048Nb_0.04]_100-xY_x(x=0-6) with the diameter of 3 mm were not formed, and the sample with 4at% of yttrium showed less crystalline phase than others. When the Fe/Co atomic ratio was between 5:5 and 7:3, the bulk glassy alloy rods of [(Fe_1-xCo_x)_0.72B_0.192Si_0.048Nb_0.04]₉₆Y₄ (x=0.5-0.8) with the diameter of 2 mm were fabricated. In the (Fe, Co)-B-Si-Nb-Y BMGs, when the Fe content increased, the thermal stability, the supercooled liquid region, and the glass-forming ability (GFA) decreased, but the saturation magnetization (M_s) increased.     

Magnetoelectric and converse magnetoelectric res ponses in TbxDy1-xFe2-y alloy ＆ Pb（Mg1/3Nb2/3）（1-x）TixO3 crystal laminated composites

Measured results of magnetoelectric （ME） and converse magnetoelectric （CME） effects of TbxDy1-xFe2-y/ Pb（Mg1/3Nb2/3）（1-x）TixO3/TbxDy1-xFe2-y （TD/PMNT/TD） and PMNT/TD/PMNT laminated composites are presented. ME effect was determined by measuring laminate voltage output under a Helmholtz-generated AC field biased by a DC field （0-1 kOe） （1Oe = 79.58 A/m）. The CME effect was measured by recording the voltage induced in a solenoid encompassing the ME sample while exposed to a DC bias field and PMNT layer driven by a 10 V AC source. The ME and CME responses in the two laminated structure are linear. The highest values of ME coefficients in TD/PMNT/TD and PMNT/TD/PMNT composites are 384 mV/Oe and 158 mV/Oe, respectively, while the highest values of CME coefficients in the two composites are 118 mG/V and 162 mG/V （1 G=10^-4 T）, respectively.     

Chemical states of the atoms in magnetic multilayers Ta/NiO x /Ni81Fe19/Ta and Co/AlO x /Co

Ta/NiO _x /Ni₈₁Fe₁₉/Ta and Co/AlO _x /Co multilayers were prepared by rf reactive and dc magnetron sputtering. The exchange coupling field (H _ex) and the coercivity (H _c) of NiO _x /Ni₈₁Fe₁₉ as a function of the ratio of Ar to O₂ during the deposition process were studied. The composition and chemical states at the interface region of NiO _x /NiFe were also investigated using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and peak decomposition technique. The results show that when the ratio of Ar to O₂ is equal to 7 and the argon sputtering pressure is 0.57 Pa, the x value is approximately 1 and the valence of nickel is +2. At this point, NiO _x is antiferromagnetic NiO and the corresponding H_ex is the largest. As the ratio of Ar/O₂ deviates from 7, the H _ex will decrease due to the presence of magnetic impurities such as Ni⁺³ or metallic Ni at the interface region of NiO _x /NiFe, while the H _c will increase due to the metallic Ni. Al layers in Co/AlO _x /Co multilayers were also studied by angle-resolved XPS. Our finding is that the bottom Co could be completely covered by depositing an Al layer about 1.8 nm. The thickness of AlO _x was 1.2 nm.     

Preparation of Ln3-xEuxS4 （Ln=Ce,Pr, and Nd） ceramics by pressureless sintering

The preparation of ternary rare earth sulfides of Ln3-xEuxS4 （Ln = Ce, Pr, and Nd） ceramics was investigated, and the effect of Eu substitution on Ln3-xEuxS4 ceramics was also studied. Ln3-xEuxS4 powders were synthesized by the sulfurization of their oxide powders using carbon disulfide gas. Ln3-xEuxS4 ceramics were sintered by pressure-less sintering method. All pressureless sintered Ln3-xEuxS4 ceramics crystallized in y-phase. It was found that Eu substitution could improve the density of Ln3-xEuxS4 ceramics. Furthermore, Eu substitution might narrow the optical band gaps of Ln3-xEuxS4 ceramics.     

Nd<Subscript>2</Subscript>Fe<Subscript>17</Subscript> nanograins effect on the coercivity of HDDR NdFeB magnets with low boron content

Relationships between the coercivity of hydrogenation disproportionation desorption recombination (HDDR) Nd_12.5Fe_81.5−x Co₆B _x bonded magnets and boron content were investigated. Nd₂Fe₁₇ phase with planar magnetic anisotropy is present in the microstructure when x= 4at%–5.88at%, which does not reduce the coercivity of the bonded magnets. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show that Nd₂Fe₁₇ phase exists in the form of nanocrystals in the Nd2Fe14B matrix. There is an exchange-coupling interaction between the two phases so that the coercivity of HDDR Nd_12.5Fe_81.5−x Co₆B _x bonded magnets is hardly reduced with a decrease in boron content.     

Ca_9Fe(PO_4)_6(OH)_2的电子结构与形成能的第一性原理计算

基于第一性原理和热力学统计原理计算了单个Fe~(2+)替代羟基磷灰石晶胞中Ca~(2+)后晶体(Ca_9Fe(PO_4)_6(OH)_2)的电子结构和能够说明替代后结构稳定性的替位缺陷形成能.电子结构计算得出(Ca_9Fe(PO4)_6(OH)_2)的带隙值是1.85eV,而没有掺杂的是4.93e V,两者态密度特征相似,只是前者峰值变小了.理论形成能和溶液环境中的形成能的计算结果都表明Ca(B)更易被取代,但是两种形成能的值都大于0eV,具体是理论缺陷形成能的值都在7e V到8e V之间,溶液环境中的缺陷形成能主要和替代的位置、溶液的pH值以及Fe~(2+)在溶液中的浓度有关,且其值大于0eV,说明它们需要吸热才能发生替代,所以在羟基磷灰石中Fe~(2+)替代Ca~(2+)不容易发生.     

氨化改性Sr2Ta2O7/SrTa4O11光催化剂用于光电催化性能研究

以钽酸锶同素异质结Sr₂Ta₂O₇/SrTa₄O₁₁（STO）为原始材料,采用高温氨化法对原始材料做氮掺杂改性处理,得到了新型氮掺杂钽酸锶同素异质结材料Sr₂Ta₂O_7-xN_x/SrTa₄O_11-xN_x(STO-N),并对其光电催化性能进行研究。结果显示,对比改性前的STO,STO-N具有更强的可见光吸收能力。紫外可见漫反射光谱证明,氮掺杂使得STO的吸收阈值从319 nm红移到485 nm,相应的带隙由3.97 eV减小到2.51 eV,这主要是由于N 2p和O 2p轨道的混合作用导致价带顶部上移。性能测试结果表明：STO-N₂₀的光电催化性能提升最为显著,在施加0.7 V偏压下,STO-N₂₀电极测得的光电流密度达到了570 nA/cm²,是STO电极的光电流密度（8.6 nA/cm²）的66倍。根据推算出的STO及STO-N₂₀的能带结构可知,STO-N₂₀性能提升的原因是禁带宽度变窄。     

组合数丢番图方程[2x]=[4y]的正解

运用递推序列法，给出组合数丢番图方程[x2]=[y4]的一个初等解法．     

树叶状Co和Co3O4的水热合成与磁性研究

以氯化钴(CoCl2.6H2O)和氢氧化钠作为反应前驱物,采用水热法合成微米级树叶状钴单质,在500℃退火条件下得到形貌相似的Co3O4粒子,并运用XRD、SEM和VSM对所得粒子的结构、形貌和磁性能进行了初步研究。结果表明,树叶状钴单质表现出室温铁磁行为,具有较高的磁参数,其中饱和磁化强度为139.3emu/g、矫顽力为29.5kA/m。同时发现,在500℃×1h退火后的Co3O4还出现极弱的铁磁性行为,可能是未完全氧化的Co单质所产生。     

钴掺杂Mn3O4作为模板制备锂离子电池正极LiMn2O4

以水热合成的钴掺杂Mn₃O₄作为模板,通过固相反应制备尖晶石LiMn₂O₄。XRD谱图和SEM照片显示制备的LiMn₂O₄具有岩石状结构并呈现良好的结晶性,同时Co的引入能够引起LiMn₂O₄晶格的收缩。作为锂离子电池正极材料,Co含量的增加能够提高循环稳定性但降低材料放电比容量,3% Co掺杂的LiMn₂O₄在0.5 C的电流密度下,经过100次循环后,剩余放电比容量达101.6 mAh·g^-1;在10 C的电流密度下,放电比容量可维持在81.0 mAh·g^-1,优于未掺杂的LiMn₂O₄。这是由于Co的引入能够稳定LiMn₂O₄晶体结构并抑制循环中的姜-泰勒扭曲。     

La0.55Eu0.1Sr0.15Na0.2MnO3的制备及其磁性

采用溶胶\|凝胶方法制备钙钛矿型稀土锰氧化物La_0.55Eu_0.1Sr_0.15Na_0.2MnO₃, 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、 振动样品磁强计(VSM)和磁性测量系统(MPMS)对样品的结构、 居里温度、 磁卡效应和磁电阻效应进行研究. 结果表明, 样品具有单相六角钙钛矿结构, 居里温度为310 K, 磁电阻变化率为11.18％, 最大磁熵变为1.45 J/(kg·K).      

二维NiFe-LDH/Mo(OS)x纳米片协同促进电催化析氧反应

过渡族金属基二维纳米材料作为电催化析氧反应（oxygen evolution reaction, OER）催化剂具有巨大的潜力。通过原位电沉积法,在泡沫镍基底表面制备了二维层状镍铁双氢氧化物（NiFe-LDH）和氧硫化钼Mo(OS)_x纳米片异质结构。NiFe LDH/Mo(OS)_x电极在1 M KOH溶液中表现出优异的OER性能和长效稳定性,在10 mA/cm²电流密度下过电势仅为220 mV。在100、500 mA/cm²的高电流密度下,也能达到253、304 mV的低过电势。研究结果表明,NiFe-LDH/Mo(OS)_x电极优异的OER性能归因于Mo(OS)_x和NiFe LDH的协同作用,极大地促进了Fe²⁺向Fe³⁺活性物质的转化,并促进了氧空位的形成。这种协同制备方法为合理构建和设计异质结构电催化剂,实现高效的水分解提供了帮助。