分段装药爆破技术在龙门山石灰石矿的应用

介绍了龙门山石灰石矿的开采条件和开采工艺以及分段装药爆破技术的优越性。分段装药爆破技术经过多次装药技术实验，在钻孔装药结构上有所突破，其钻孔内上、下段药量分别占单孔药量的20％和80％，现场实验效果最好。     

空气不耦合装药爆破孔壁冲击压力分析

从理论上分析探讨了炮孔空气不耦合装药爆破时孔壁初始冲击压力的计算方法。研究结果表明：一方面炮孔空气不耦合装药爆破降低了孔壁初始冲击压力，且当岩石条件一定时，孔壁冲击压力值随着装药不耦合系数值的增大而呈指数规律衰减；另一方面类似于炮孔耦合装药，不耦合装药爆破同样存在着较坚硬致密的高阻抗岩石，孔壁冲击压力值较高，较松散软弱的低阻抗岩石，孔壁冲击压力值较低。同时求解出了利于光面爆破的孔壁岩石不被冲击压坏的最小装药不耦合系数。     

DNP/HMX熔铸炸药成型工艺研究

3，4-二硝基吡唑（DNP）在能量密度、安定性等方面性能优异，是具有广阔应用前景的新型熔铸炸药载体. 为研究DNP基熔铸炸药装药工艺和成型规律，以DNP/HMX（40/60）熔铸炸药为实验配方，采用数值模拟与实验验证相结合的方法，研究冒口预热工艺对DNP/HMX熔铸炸药装药冷却凝固时间与装药缺陷的影响规律，并在此基础上通过数值模拟方法研究大尺寸DNP/HMX熔铸炸药成型工艺. 结果表明:冒口预热工艺能够改变装药内部凝固顺序，保证补缩通道持续畅通，从而有效减少药柱内缩松产生；装药尺寸对炸药成型过程影响显著:随着装药尺寸增加，相同工艺条件下药柱冷却耗时大幅延长，缩松占比明显上升，需要更高冒口预热温度消除药柱内缩松；尺寸超过临界值后，仅靠冒口预热工艺已无法消除药柱内部缩松.      

装药结构对爆炸能量传递的影响

根据波的能量反射和透射理论，对三种不同装药结构（偶合装药、空气不偶合装药、水不偶合装药）进行了分析，建立了爆炸能量传递系数，并据此探讨不同装药结构对能量传递的影响     

线性聚焦式杀伤战斗部设计及破片飞散特性

为进一步提升杀伤战斗部破片聚焦效应，开展了线性聚焦式杀伤战斗部设计及破片飞散特性研究. 基于破片线性聚焦原理，研究了破片排布方法. 引入装药长度修正系数，建立了等冲量装药曲线理论模型，掌握了线性聚焦式杀伤战斗部破片驱动及速度分布特征，揭示了战斗部装药长度及其修正系数对破片平均飞散速度、速度分布幅值、速度分布标准差等飞散特性参数影响规律. 结果表明，装药长度一定时，随修正系数增加，破片平均速度增大，速度分布幅值、标准偏差均降低，修正系数一定时，随装药长度增加，破片平均速度、速度分布幅值和标准偏差均增加. 研究结果可为聚焦杀伤战斗部设计提供新的技术途径.      

梯黑铝熔注装药防止铝粉沉降的技术措施

该文通过理论分析，认为影响梯黑铝熔注装药铝粉沉降的主要因素是药浆粘度。适当提高药浆粘度可明显降低销粉的沉降速度，最终达到装药组分分布较均匀的目的。实验证实，对TNT／RDX／Al粉=60／24/16的熔注炸药，仅将工业RDX粉碎，采用过180目筛者就能取得较好效果；如果采用过200目筛的RDX和过180目筛的Al粉，效果史佳．同时证实，采取上述技术措施的同时，必须辅以适当的护理，才能确保不影响装药的整体质量。     

低温感包覆火药装药膛压和初速变化规律分析

本文结合低温感包覆火药３７ｍｍ高炮射击试验结果，分析研究了该新型火药装药膛压和初速的变化规律，为低温感装药技术的研究及推广应用提供了有价值的参考。     

远射程发射装药与模块装药

该文论述155mm火炮装药系统。该装药采用了高增面性火药及其药型，低压力温度系数装药，以及提高小号装药压力的补偿装药等技术。这是一种高威力的发射装药系统(HPPCS)，它可以将45倍口径、23L药室的155mm火炮(45-23-155mm)初速提高到945～960m／s。HPPCS适用于39-18-155mm、45-23-155mm、52-23-155mm火炮系统。HPPCS有2种弹道方案可供选择：一个是用45-23-155mm火炮发射ERFB弹，将初速提高到945m／s，另一个方案是将初速提高到960m／s。这2种选择都用双模块装药和全等模块装药。射击试验和模拟计算结果显示，初速、最大压力、温度系数都与设计的一致。     

切割锚环V形罩微爆索结构参数优化分析

锚网支护为煤矿安全高效生产提供了必要的技术保障。工作面回采过程中，往往由于锚网支护强度过高，造成工作面上下端头三角悬顶，给矿井安全生产留下隐患。爆炸切割技术方便快捷，能够快速切断锚环，释放锚索锚固力，达到弱化三角悬顶区顶板强度的目的。因此本文设计了一种V形罩微爆索，研究锥角，装药高度，炸高及罩壁厚4个结构参数对金属射流侵彻靶板深度与射流速度的影响机理。研究结果表明：当分析的可靠性为95%，罩壁厚对射流速度有显著性影响；当分析的可靠性为90%，罩壁厚对侵彻深度有影响；当分析的可靠性为80%，装药高度和炸高对射流速度有一定影响。对于V形罩的微爆索而言，最佳结构参数为：锥角80°，装药高度6 mm，炸高2 mm，罩壁厚0.2 mm，其侵彻深度为0.489 cm，射流速度为4 384 m·s-1。     

水平深孔压气装药

一、研究目的 近年来由于国民经济的要求,采矿工业得到飞跃的发展,深孔大量崩落采矿法的使用愈来愈多,但关于深孔装药技术还停留在人工装药的水平。人工装药不但劳动强度大,效率低,而且装药质量不能得到保证,最终影响了采矿的高效率。因此迅速使用机械装药代替人工装药就非常必要了。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.