螺管式电磁铁吸力特性的数值分析

各种类型的电磁铁吸力特性的计算是电磁铁设计计算中的主要内容.本文分析讨论了基于法拉第——麦克斯韦观点的多种电磁力计算公式,结合数值计算的特点与要求,提出了较为理想的电磁吸力数值计算方法. 本文应用有限元法,在求得电磁铁内磁场分布数值解的基础上,按文中提出的电磁吸力计算方法,获得了吸力特性的数值解,计算结果由实验予以验证. 从螺管式电磁铁吸力特性这一典型的数值分析结果出发,可将该法进一步推广应用于各种型式的交、直流电磁铁吸力特性的数值分析,在此基础上有可能构成电磁铁的计算机辅助设计的新方法.     

电磁铁数学建模及仿真

为了更深入了解阀用电磁铁的磁链、电感随其他电磁参数的变化规律,通过数学模型和Ansoft仿真分析,研究了电磁铁的电磁特性曲线,为进一步对阀用电磁铁进行控制提供了理论基础。     

考虑电磁铁线圈构型的高速开关阀动态特性分析

为改善高速开关阀的响应特性,以电磁铁线圈构型为切入点,对比研究了线圈构型对高速开关阀动态特性的影响规律。在建立高速开关阀数学模型以及理论分析线圈构型变化对响应时间影响的基础上,采用电磁仿真软件ANSYS Electronics,构建了高速开关阀二维瞬态仿真模型,分析了单一、叠加式、嵌套式3种线圈构型对电磁铁吸合以及高速开关阀启、闭两个动态过程的影响。仿真结果表明：在不改变其他结构参数与电气参数的情况下,与单一线圈构型相比,叠加与嵌套两种并联线圈构型能够有效缩短电磁铁空载吸合时间,减幅分别为35.1%、34.7%;叠加式线圈构型下高速开关阀的开启延迟时间缩减了4.79 ms,减幅达55.4%;嵌套式线圈构型下高速开关阀的开启延迟时间缩减了4.77 ms,减幅达55.2%。综合响应特性与能耗特性参数来看,采用叠加式线圈构型的高速开关阀具有相对更优的动态特性。该研究可为高速开关阀电磁铁的设计提供参考。     

影响本质安全型电磁铁静态吸力特性的关键参数分析

本质安全型电磁铁是液压支架电液控制系统的关键元件。利用有限元分析软件AN-SYS完成了对衔铁凸台高度、导套长度、导套厚度及基座长度的参数化分析,得出了这些因素对先导阀电磁铁初始吸力的影响情况;从理论上分析了影响原因,并做出了最优化选择。根据参数化分析结论调整了电磁铁参数,并利用ANSYS静态仿真验证了优化后电磁铁的优越性。为电磁铁的优化设计提供了科学依据。     

油管缺陷漏磁场有限元分析

采用有限元技术,建立了油管缺陷漏磁场的静态和瞬态仿真模型。通过对励磁磁场的均匀性、检测速度和缺陷尺寸三种影响因素的仿真分析,比较了静磁场模型和瞬态模型的仿真结果和效率。静磁场模型求解效率高、占用的计算资源少,但是随着检测速度的增大,求解结果明显偏高。瞬态模型能降低速度引起的误差问题,但需要大量的计算资源。给出了用静磁场模型分析缺陷漏磁场应满足的条件。     

基于三维磁场分析建立电磁铁等效磁路的研究

以工程实际中应用广泛的典型拍合式电磁铁为研究对象，进行三维磁场有限元分析，并通过实验验证分析结果，以分析得到的电磁铁空间磁场分布为依据，建立起电磁铁的等效磁路．结果表明，该等效磁路兼具传统磁路计算快捷和直接磁场计算精度高的特点，大大地提高了磁路计算的精度，可以用于建立其他结构型式电磁铁的精确等效磁路．     

同步发电机偏心与绕组短路故障对磁场及电磁振动的影响

以1台6 MW汽轮同步发电机为例,对转子静偏心、定子匝间短路及其联合故障下的磁场、电磁力和电磁振动进行研究。在气隙磁场不对称情况下,以等效电路为基础的经典算法将不再适用,为此建立发电机的有限元模型,基于瞬态磁场的计算结果,给出不同故障类型下的气隙磁场变化特征,并得到发电机不同运行状态下的径向电磁力及其与对应故障参数的变化关系。将电磁力作为载荷,对发电机的电磁振动进行研究,通过比较正常运行和故障运行状态下的位移曲线,定性分析不同故障对电磁振动的影响。研究结果表明:且该振动特征可以为发电机偏心和绕组短路故障诊断提供理论依据。     

电控柴油喷射用电磁控制旁通阀的研究

电磁控制旁通阀是时间控制式电控柴油喷射系统的重要组件,它的实用性开发是电控柴油喷射系统实用化所必须解决的关键技术问题。该文在系统地研究电磁控制旁通阀工作特性的基础上,研制出了一种高低压平衡式旁通阀。该阀与高速强力电磁铁及其驱动电路相配合,解决了电磁控制阀的动态响应特性、工作稳定性、动态密封及快速泄流等方面的问题,其工作性能能满足电控柴油喷射系统喷射控制的要求。采用该电磁控制阀的ＹＣ６１０８电控柴油机样机实现了正常运转。     

新型高速数字开关阀为导阀的多路换向阀

为了改善工程机械工作装置的操纵性,对传统的电液比例多路换向阀进行了数字化改造.采用高速数字开关阀取代传统电磁比例减压阀作为压力先导控制部分,研究分析了对高速数字开关阀直接进行控制的脉宽调制(PWM)控制方式,验证了该改造原理的可行性,提高了工程机械工作装置液压系统的可靠性,增加了系统的抗干扰能力.     

先导式开关阀的结构参数设计

本文分析了一种先导式电磁开关阀的启闭力、控制压力及启闭速度等性能,提出确定其主要结构参数,如阀芯直径、先导阀节流孔面积的指导性原则,可作为设计此类阀时参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-