AutoCAD及全站仪在极坐标法放样中的应用

结合自已的工作体会,对A u toCAD、全站仪在极坐标法放样中内业资料及外业中的应用作了简略的阐述,并提出了自已的一些看法.     

An analysis of the polar motion series from VLBI observations

From the reduction of 2893 globally distributed astrometric and geodetic VLBI sessions from August 1979 to the end of 1998, coordinates of 722 radio sources at J2000.0, coordinates and velocities of 128 stations at J1997.0 and about 20 years Earth Orientation Parameters were estimated. From the analysis of the resultant polar motion series, the following are demonstrated: (ⅰ) During the VLBI data span the Markowitz wobble is not exhibited. (ⅱ) The amplitudes of both annual and Chandler wobble show temporal variations, with the former being more obvious than the latter. (ⅲ) Wavelet analysis shows that all the signals in the polar motion series are characterized by temporal variation in amplitudes. If we take any signal as strictly periodic, it is impossible to remove it completely from the polar motion series by least-squares fit because the hypothesis of a constant amplitude conflicts with VLBI measurements. (ⅳ) By applying a filter, the secular polar motion was found to be (2.74±0.01) mas/a towards (83.9±0.3) °W longitude, which is smaller in rate and more westward in direction compared with those determined from optical observations or the combination of optical and space geodetic observations.     

WIND observations of plasma waves inside the magnetic cloud boundary layers

Based on the WIND observational data for the plasma waves from thermal noise receptor （TNR） working on the frequency 4-256 kHz and the solar wind and the magnetic fields, we analyze the plasma wave activities in the 60 magnetic cloud＇s boundary layers （BLs） and find that there are often various plasma wave activities in the BLs, which are different from those in the adjacent solar wind （SW） and the magnetic clouds （MC）. The basic characteristics are that： （1） the enhancement of the Langmuir wave near the electronic plasma frequency （fpe） is a dominant wave activity, which occupies 75% investigated samples; （2） the events enhanced both in the langmuir and ion acustic （f〈fpe） waves are about 60% of investigated samples; （3） broadband, continuous enhancement events in the plasma wave activities were observed in the whole frequency band of TNR, and about 30% of the 60 samples, however, were not observed in the SW and the MC investigated events; （4） although the ratio of the temperatures between the electon and proton, Te/Tp ≤1, the ion caustic wave enhancement activities are still often observed in the BLs, which makes it difficult to explain them by the traditional plasma theory. New results reported in this paper further show that the magnetic cloud＇s BL is an important dynamic structure, which could provide useful diagnosis for understanding the cloud＇s BL physics and could expand a space developing space plasma wave theory.     

江坪河水电站高陡边坡落石运动分析及防护措施

针对江坪河水电站厂房后边坡陡岩临空面倾角接近垂直、节理裂隙发育,可能发生崩塌落石灾害以至于威胁河谷部位地表厂房安全问题,在进行地质勘察的基础上,选取典型剖面建立落石运动分析模型,采用经验计算法定量分析落石运动特征,并以基于概率的运动学原理对落石进行数值仿真,探讨落石的落点分布、弹跳高度、运动速度及动能分布问题.计算结果表明,陡岩发生崩塌落石对电站厂房安全威胁巨大,需采取必要的落石防护措施.     

缝端奇异边界单元和界面裂缝的应力强度因子计算

虽然不同材料的界面裂缝缝端应力情况很复杂，但是在拉剪荷载作用下，仍然存在主 导缝端奇异特性的特征参数──应力强度因子，且其主导奇异项仍为１／２，因此可以采用１／４ 奇异边界单元模拟缝端的位移场和应力场。作者沿界面引用边界元，在界面裂缝周围引入１／４ 奇异边界元，给出了计算异弹模界面缝复应力强度因子的计算格式，定义了界面裂缝的等效能 量释放率，探讨了界面裂缝的断裂差别指标，并应用于混凝土坝与岩石地基的界面裂缝扩展分 析中，得到一些有关坝工安全的重要提示。     

腹足类在赣东北沿沟剖面P\T界线层中的发现

该文报道了腹足类15属(包括1新属)、介形类11属14种4未定种以及玻屑、微球粒等在江西乐平地区二叠三叠系(简称“P\T”,下同)界线层中的发现.介形类Langdaiasuboblonga和腹足类1新属与Hindeodusparvus同层,同样是三叠系底界和早三叠世早期的标志化石.