基于Kriging模型的大客车侧翻安全性多目标优化

建立某型客车的有限元模型,依据ECE R66法规对客车侧翻安全性进行了多目标优化.根据侧翻仿真结果,选取客车上部结构关键零件截面形状为变量,以最大质心加速度和质量为目标,以侧围立柱与地板间夹角θ为约束条件,并结合最优拉丁方试验设计法生成了高精度的Kriging模型.利用NSGA(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm)-II算法对大客车侧翻安全性进行了多目标优化并得到了Pareto最优解集.优化结果表明利用截面形状优化法可以在质量增加较小的条件下提高整车的侧翻安全性能.     

基于ECE R66号法规的客车车身截段侧翻试验方法

客车车身截段侧翻试验是ECE R66号法规规定的等效试验方法之一。国内对客车车身截段侧翻试验相关研究较少,本文在经过大量试验数据分析的基础上,对客车车身截段试验的重心匹配技术、试验车身段的选取等关键影响因素进行了研究,研究成果可对我国GB 17578修订后的标准实施提供一定程度的技术指导。     

客车侧翻碰撞中安全带对乘员损伤的影响分析

参照欧洲ECE R66法规要求,建立客车侧翻仿真模型及其乘员约束系统模型。利用LS_DYNA软件对客车侧翻碰撞试验和客车座椅动态试验进行模拟分析,并与试验结果进行对比,结果表明,有限元模型具有较高的精度。将4个HybridⅢ50%男性假人模型放置在客车最薄弱的车身段座椅上。对客车侧翻过程中,3种约束条件(无安全带、两点式安全带和三点式安全带)的乘员损伤情况进行分析。研究结果表明:无安全带约束时,假人头部和颈部将受到严重损害;两点式安全带和三点式安全带对于所有假人颈部及胸部的保护效果相近;两点式安全带能有效降低大部分假人的头部损伤风险,但碰撞侧外侧假人头部损伤值仍较高。     

纯电动客车侧碰撞有限元建模及仿真分析

以有效开展纯电动客车侧碰撞仿真为目标,建立了纯电动客车BK6122EV整车骨架、覆盖件、动力电池包有限元模型以及移动壁障有限元模型,按照碰撞法规对车体后部(后轮后)位置进行了侧后碰撞仿真,分析了电动客车车身、动力电池包在碰撞过程中的变形情况,评价了动力电池包在碰撞过程中的安全性,指出了电池箱门骨架刚度小、电池模块固定能力差、碰撞区侧围骨架缓冲吸能能力弱等影响安全性的缺陷.      

侧翻安全性的校车侧围结构轻量化设计

根据《客车上部结构强度的规定》对校车车身结构侧翻安全性的规定,建立和验证某校车有限元分析模型.采用均匀设计方法对校车的侧围结构厚度参数进行多水平多因素实验设计和侧翻仿真分析,并拟合实验设计数据获得轻量化水平较优的因素水平组合.结果表明:在侧围结构满足法规对生存空间要求的前提下,选择因素水平组合U₂₄₆₅并参考实际型钢的厚度规格(1(1.0,1.0),2(2.0,1.5),3(3.0,2.0),4(2.5,2.0)),可使侧身结构质量轻量化24.39%.     

基于HyperMesh的6125型大客车正碰安全性研究

以6125型客车为研究对象,利用CATIA软件对该型客车车身骨架进行建模,通过HyperMesh软件进行网格划分,建立有限元模型,应用非线性有限元软件LSDYNA对该客车有限元模型进行正面碰撞仿真计算。参照欧盟ECE R94《正面碰撞乘员保护》标准和美国FMVSS208《碰撞的乘员保护》标准中对碰撞的变形和碰撞安全性的要求,提出增加前段地板骨架及车架(司机地板区域)纵梁厚度以及增加前围保险杠和吸能盒的改进方案。结果表明,该优化方案达到了行业标准的要求,可为大客车碰撞事故分析及改进提供参考。     

一种新的客车侧翻试验仿真评价方法

 依据有限元建模理论,建立整车车身骨架有限元模型,介绍并分析了在真实试验中和在仿真试验中对生存空间现有的评价方法,针对在仿真试验中现有生存空间评价方法的不足,提出了一种新的评价方法——穿透式生存空间评价方法。运用新的评价方法对有限元模型进行仿真试验,仿真试验结果表明：客车上部结构侵入到生存空间,该客车不满足法规要求。之后,针对该车上部结构强度的不足之处,对车体结构提出合理的改进方法,即将车体结构改成封闭环结构和在腰梁与地板横梁连接部位加入脚板,进一步的仿真试验验证了结构改进后的模型满足法规要求。从而验证了新的评价方法是一种简单实用、准确可靠的方法,也为国内客车生产厂家侧翻试验有限元分析提供借鉴和参考。     

某款半承载式客车车身有限元建模的分析研究

客车车身骨架的设计直接影响客车安全性、寿命等性能.为了更真实的模拟车架强度和刚度,文章建立了某客车车身骨架的纯梁、梁体和梁板3种有限元模型;分析了在各种工况下不同模型的静态特性,找出应力应变分布的特点;结合该款客车电测试验结果,得到了此款客车最佳的有限元模型.     

减少侧面碰撞假人胸部肋骨变形量的方法研究

基于某型车在未配置侧面座椅安全气囊和帘式气囊的情况下,由于假人胸部肋骨变形量存在超标问题,对车型进行综合分析和成本考虑,故采用通过对座椅骨架的局部优化来改善假人背板受力情况,以降低假人胸部肋骨变形量,从而使其满足欧洲经济委员会法规ECE R95和中国汽车侧面碰撞标准GB 20071-2006要求.试验结果表明,优化座椅骨架的局部结构来改善假人背板受力情况,进而降低了假人胸部肋骨变形量,满足了ECE R95和GB 20071-2006法规要求.     

基于ECE R66号法规的客车车身截段侧翻试验方法研究

客车车身截段侧翻试验是ECER66号法规规定的等效试验方法之一。国内对客车车身截段侧翻试验相关研究较少,本文在经过大量试验数据分析的基础上,对客车车身截段试验的重心匹配技术、试验车身段的选取等关键影响因素进行了研究,研究成果可对我国GB17578修订后的标准实施提供一定程度的技术指导。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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