一种新型硫化氢近红外比率荧光探针的研制

设计合成了一种基于花色素染料的近红外比率荧光探针分子1,并将其用于活细胞内内源性和外源性硫化氢的检测.结果表明:探针分子1溶液中加入硫化氢时,因硫化氢对探针分子1中苯并吡喃部分的亲核加成破坏了其共轭体系,导致720 nm处的近红外(NIR)发射荧光强度降低.同时,其加成产物含有完整的半刚性香豆素荧光团,在503 nm处的绿色荧光强度显著增强.由于探针1的发射波长与半刚性香豆素的发射波长不同,因此在加入硫化氢前后有两个完全分离的发射峰,实现了对硫化氢的有效比率检测.当加入4.0μmol·L~(-1)硫化钠时,荧光强度增强了19.2倍.探针分子1对水溶液中的硫化氢的线性响应范围是0.1～4.0μmol·L~(-1)(R~2=0.993 9),检测下限为57.8 nmol·L~(-1).探针分子1对硫化氢比较敏感,响应时间为110 s,且有较好的选择性.此外,探针分子1还被成功应用于活细胞中内源性和外源性硫化氢的荧光成像.     

科学家研发出新型糖荧光分子探针

源性气体信号分子硫化氢可广泛参与调控机体多种生理病理过程,被认为是继一氧化氮、一氧化碳后第三种重要的气体信号分子。肝脏是产生硫化氢的主要组织,研究表明后者可能与肝损伤、肝炎、肝纤维化及肝硬化等病程发展直接相关。于是,发展可特异性检测肝细胞内硫化氢的分子探针,无论是对细胞生物学研究还是疾病诊断均有重要意义。基于荧光化学探针领域的前期工作基础     

利用含RGD的多肽增进细胞摄取用于细胞中弗林酶活性的检测

设计并合成了一种新型自组装多肽纳米荧光探针.在合成方法上使用了新型的生物兼容性的CBT-Cys点击反应实现了RGD肽的环化.该探针可通过RGD序列靶向肿瘤细胞αvβ3整合素受体,促进细胞的摄取;同时可与细胞内弗林酶作用导致荧光的"关-开",达到对肿瘤细胞的靶向荧光成像功能.     

基于三甲基醌的近红外荧光探针用于心肌黄酶的检测及生物成像研究

心肌黄酶是动物组织中常见的一种蛋白酶,它能阻止各种自由基引发的超氧阴离子的产生,从而保护细胞免受损伤.由于心肌黄酶在多种肿瘤组织中过度表达,使得其成为早期肿瘤诊断及治疗的重要生物标记物.利用荧光传感技术的高特异性、高灵敏度及可实时原位检测的特点,设计合成了一种基于三甲基醌的近红外荧光探针MITZ 1.该探针在还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸存在的条件下与心肌黄酶通过专一性反应释放出荧光团,溶液在770 nm处荧光值增加了近5倍,通过明显的荧光信号响应检测出体系内心肌黄酶含量的变化.由于MITZ 1具有选择性高、毒性低和检测限低等特点,该探针被成功应用于肿瘤细胞（HeLa）和秀丽隐杆线虫内源及外源性心肌黄酶的生物成像检测.     

一种用于过氧亚硝酸根检测的近红外比率荧光探针的研制

设计合成了一种基于半花菁的近红外比率荧光探针分子Cy-P,并将其用于活细胞中的外源性和内源性过氧亚硝酸根(ONOO^-)荧光成像检测.研究结果表明：探针分子Cy-P自身具有较大的π共轭结构,其最大发射波长在近红外区域;加入ONOO^-后,强氧化性的ONOO^-会导致Cy-P的π共轭体系被破坏,并生成蓝色荧光物质,最大发射波长蓝移了268 nm;探针分子Cy-P对ONOO^-线性检测范围为0～15μmol/L,检测下限为13 nmol/L;该探针分子对ONOO^-的识别性能优于其他各种可能干扰的生物分析物;该探针分子具有低细胞毒性,适用于活细胞中的外源性和内源性ONOO^-的成像检测.     

基于BODIPY荧光染料的pH荧光探针

生物系统、化学反应、环境体系和工业废水等pH值的精密检测是一项非常重要的工作.发展一些能够对pH值进行精确测量的方法将具有非常重要的意义.荧光分子探针以其所具有的便捷性、超高灵敏度、微量检测和较低的生物侵害性等优势成为一种重要的检测工具.本研究以吲哚衍生物和苯甲酰吡咯氯为原料,通过缩合反应和脱甲基反应得到HO-BODIPY-Cl,然后引入供电子基团吗啡啉,得到新型比值式检测pH的荧光探针HO-BODIPY-N,该探针能够在纯水体系中对9. 06 11. 76范围内的pH值进行精确检测,并成功实现了裸眼观测探针溶液颜色随pH值变化的可逆切换(红/蓝),证明了该探针在检测pH时具有较高的便捷性和较强的可重复利用性.我们期望该工作能够对pH相关的研究工作提供一些参考.     

一种检测生物硫醇的荧光探针

小分子生物硫醇半胱氨酸(Cys)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)及谷胱甘肽(GSH)在人体中扮演着重要的角色.由于荧光探针法对硫醇的检测具有选择性好、灵敏度高、响应时间快、可实现生物体内硫醇的检测等优势,本文基于亲核加成反应机理,设计合成了一种新的选择性检测硫醇的荧光探针.该探针与硫醇作用后,荧光强度随硫醇浓度的增加逐渐增强,2 min内荧光强度可达到最大值.研究结果表明,该探针在生物成像方面有潜在的应用价值.     

基于氧化石墨烯构建新型荧光生物传感器用于DNA检测

以氧化石墨烯作为荧光猝灭基底,羧基荧光素标记的DNA探针作为识别元件,设计了一种用于检测单链DNA的新型荧光生物传感器,通过测定荧光探针分子和目标DNA作用前后体系的荧光强度变化实现特定序列单链DNA的定量检测.在该方法中,荧光强度恢复值与目标DNA浓度在20～1 000 pM范围呈线性关系,检测限为0.11 pM.该方法灵敏度高,操作简单,在生物分子检测及疾病早期诊断中具有较大的应用前景.     

基于亲核取代反应的活性硫组分检测的荧光探针研究进展

活性硫组分（reactive sulfur species,RSS）是调节细胞过程和维持机体平衡的重要物质,与人类的各种疾病密切相关．在生物体系中快速、准确检测一系列RSS生物标志物,对于疾病的早期诊断和治疗具有非常重要的作用．在众多分子水平上检测RSS的方法中,荧光探针法是最方便、有效的方法之一．由于RSS本身具有强亲核性,基于亲核取代反应设计RSS荧光探针是目前常用的构建策略．本文综述了H₂S、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、半胱氨酸（Cys）等几种针对典型RSS生物标志物检测的荧光探针,主要是基于亲核取代反应对荧光探针的设计思路、构建方法、应用等的研究进展,并讨论了不同RSS生物标志物的不同响应机制．基于目前RSS荧光探针的研究进展和挑战,对该种类的荧光探针未来的研究方向和发展机遇进行了展望．      

氧化石墨烯对DNA荧光分子探针FRET效应的研究

研究了氧化石墨烯的浓度、氧化石墨烯与DNA分子荧光探针的反应温度、DNA链长度对FRET效应的影响.研究表明,氧化石墨烯的浓度、氧化石墨烯与DNA分子荧光探针的反应温度、DNA链长度对FRET效应都有着重要的影响.氧化石墨烯浓度越大,其对DNA分子探针的荧光猝灭效率越高;氧化石墨烯与DNA分子荧光探针的反应温度越高,淬灭效率越高;DNA链越长,氧化石墨烯淬灭的效率越低.因此,氧化石墨烯的浓度、氧化石墨烯与DNA分子荧光探针的反应温度、DNA链长度对FRET效应都应该是设计生物传感器时考虑的因素.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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