基于全耦合模型和管土作用模型的深海悬链线立管触地区域疲劳特性分析

利用建立的浮体、立管和系泊索全耦合模型预报悬链线立管(SCR)的顶端响应,并作为立管详细有限元模型的顶端边界条件,进行疲劳响应分析.在全局有限元分析中,SCR与海床的相互作用通过开发的触地单元模拟,该单元能够考虑海床吸力的产生和释放过程,以及海床沟槽的形状.针对不同的海床参数,计算了SCR触地区域的响应,并通过雨流计数法进行了疲劳损伤分析,得到了触地区域的疲劳损伤对海床参数的敏感性.     

基于海床吸力和刚度衰减模型的深海钢悬链线立管动力响应分析

运用ABAQUS创建触地单元,将立管 海床作用的模拟简化为3种模型：线性刚度、线性截断、线性截断并考虑海床吸力和刚度衰减.将浮体垂向运动作为立管顶端边界输入,并对3种简化模型进行了计算比较.结果表明：考虑立管 海床分离以及吸力效应对计算结果的影响很大;考虑吸力效应时,在立管和海床分离的阶段会有较多的疲劳应力循环.第③类触地单元较好地反映了吸力的产生和释放过程,其包含的海床刚度衰减模型也给出了令人满意的结果.
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钢悬链线立管提升作业耦合动力响应仿真研究

为探究提升作业过程中钢悬链线立管(SCR)动力响应结果,基于时域耦合理论与有限元法,建立了安装作业船舶-缆绳-SCR动力学模型,计算分析了SCR在提升过程中的弯矩变化,并详细分析了不同提升速率下的船舶运动、SCR弯矩及收放(AR)缆顶端张力.研究结果表明:SCR的弯矩与AR缆顶端张力受SCR提升速率影响较大,AR缆顶端张力与悬垂段处SCR弯矩随着SCR提升速率增加而增大;当提升速率从1 m/s增大至2.5 m/s时,AR缆最大张力从2.742 6 MN增大至4.191 8 MN.     

缓波形立管的复合构型响应分析

深海立管运用浮力块能有效隔离悬挂点与触地区(TDP)的动力响应,减少上部浮体运动导致管道触地区的动态屈曲等负面影响.采用集中质量法建立整体立管的非线性力学模型,应用海洋工程分析软件OrcaFlex进行数值模拟,考虑两种不同浮子段布置形式的立管构型,分别为缓波型立管(LwSCR)与赋形立管(Shaped SCR),对比二者静态力学特性.考虑南海一年一遇不规则波工况及FPSO运动,分析LwSCR与ShapedSCR重点位置的垂向运动响应,归纳两种波型优缺点,并应用于复合构型立管的构型优化中.提出两种双波复合构型的优化结构并与传统LwSCR双波型进行有效张力及垂向运动响应对比,提出一种优化后的三波复合构型,并与单波、双波构型进行力学特性及垂向运动响应对比分析.结果表明:LwSCR的整体静态有效张力低于ShapedSCR,且浮子段静态弯矩值随着高度逆差增高而增大.Shaped SCR的重点位置垂向运动响应相对更弱,采用该构型能提高立管在海流中的稳定性.但ShapedSCR构型立管暴露在海流中的长度更短,管道到达触地区域的动态响应衰退量不足.在多波复合构型优化中发现三波复合构型具有最佳运动隔离效...     

海洋立管浪致疲劳损伤及其对结构疲劳寿命的影响

波浪是导致浅海平台立管疲劳失效的主要因素。针对渤海湾某海域特征波浪作用下海洋立管的疲劳损伤进行了时域分析,利用ANSYS软件对立管进行静力和瞬态动力学分析,获取特征波浪作用下海洋立管的疲劳危险位置,分析管卡约束形式、弯管半径、管卡分布形式对立管疲劳寿命的影响,并设计一套管卡最优排布方式。结果表明：立管疲劳危险点出现在弯管底部;管卡约束形式对结构疲劳寿命影响不大;减小弯管半径有助于提高结构疲劳寿命;增大管卡排布间距有助于提高立管疲劳寿命。分析结果可为海洋立管结构的工程防护提供参考。     

钢悬链式立管的浪致疲劳

为计算钢悬链式立管在波浪作用下所产生的浪致疲劳损伤,使用水动力专用软件Hydrostar对Spar平台的运动响应进行分析,获得Spar平台的运动频率响应函数;使用AN-SYS有限元分析软件对钢悬链式立管进行谐响应分析,获得立管的应力频率响应函数;采用Miner线性累积损伤理论、S-N曲线以及自编的损伤程序获得立管的浪致疲劳损伤.对一典型深海立管的计算结果表明,浪致疲劳损伤在立管的上部与平台连接区域呈应力集中现象.     

天然气水合物开采立管力学特性研究

深水天然气水合物开采立管是开采水合物的关键通道,管内由于水合物分解形成多相内流会导致其受力变形更为复杂,在内外流综合作用下水合物开采立管易发生失效事故。为分析水合物开采立管的力学特性,考虑管内水合物的分解与流动,并将其引入立管动力学方程,建立了海洋环境与管内多相流共同作用下的水合物开采立管动力学模型,采用有限单元法对模型进行离散求解,以固态流化试采工艺为例,分析了浆体密度、排量与出口回压对水合物开采立管力学响应特性影响规律。结果表明,立管内水合物分解形成多相流使得立管系统质量减小,导致立管沿程截面张力增大,水合物开采立管的形变位移、弯矩与偏转角度均比纯液立管小;无浮力块配置的水合物开采立管最大位移出现立管中下段,最大弯矩与偏转角度出现在立管底端;水合物开采立管的弯曲位移、弯矩与偏转角度随着浆体密度、浆体排量和立管出口回压的增大而增大;适当增加水合物开采立管顶部张力或配置浮力块,减小浆体密度与排量,降低立管出口压力均有利于减小立管的弯曲变形。研究结果可以为水合物开采立管的安全控制提供理论指导。     

复合加载下6自由度圆形基础的极限承载力

基于土体塑性极限平衡原理,以6自由度圆形基础为研究对象,利用非线性有限元分析软件Abaqus,对圆形基础极限承载能力进行了数值分析.研究结果表明:三维荷载空间中,复合加载模式下竖向荷载对海床地基破坏包络面的形状和大小的影响比较明显;圆形基础对应的破坏包络面曲线比二维条形基础对应的包络面曲线圆滑,包络面曲线不存在斜率突变段;圆形基础上水平荷载分量与力矩荷载分量对破坏包络面形状和大小影响较强,而扭矩荷载分量对破坏包络面形状和大小影响较弱.同时,提出了荷载分量对复合加载模式下海床土体破坏包络面方程的影响判别公式.     

基于时域缩放的深水立管波致疲劳分析

推导出线性条件下深水立管的动力响应与有义波高之间的关系,并对其进行了非线性修正.据此采用时域缩放的方法得到立管的动力响应,进而进行疲劳分析,并与精确方法的计算结果进行了比较.结果表明,采用线性缩放计算得到的疲劳寿命较为保守,而采用指数缩放的结果更优,其误差在工程上可接受的范围之内.该方法可隐性考虑系统响应非线性的影响,且只需计算少量海况即可得到较为满意的结果,可以用来进行初始设计阶段立管的疲劳分析及疲劳参数的敏感性分析.在疲劳校核阶段,该方法依然适用,以最大有义波高下的响应作为基准进行缩放保证了计算结果的保守性.     

波浪荷载引起海床土体与桩动态响应

以Navier-Stokes方程作为波浪控制方程,并采用VOF(Volume of Fluid)法进行自由表面追踪来准确模拟海洋表面波浪运动,建立了波浪-海床-桩基动力问题的数值模型来模拟波浪对桩基和海床的作用.把海床视为多孔介质,以Biot动力理论为基础,考虑土体骨架的加速度,并用孔隙水位移的速度场(位移-孔隙水压力动态模型)来模拟海床土体动态响应的过程.在模型验证的基础上,分析了水深对桩身弯矩、水平位移的影响,以及波高和海床渗透系数对桩周孔隙水压力的影响,并且对不同渗透系数时桩周土体的液化特性进行了讨论.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with