Ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties of Aurivillius phase Bi9Fe4.7Me0.3Ti3O27（Me 5 Fe,Co, Ni,Mn）

New Aurivillius phase Bi9Fe4.7Me0.3Ti3O27（Me = Fe, Co, Ni, Mn） oxides have been prepared using a citrate combustion method. X-ray diffraction on powders and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy investigation confirmed that the Bi9Fe4.7Me0.3Ti3O27 samples are with an eight-layer structure. Both ferromagnetic and ferroelectric investigations suggested that Co or Ni substitution could enhance their multiferroic properties,while Mn substitution depressed them. Among all the samples, Bi9Fe4.7Co0.3Ti3O27 sample exhibits the largest remnant polarization of Pr＊3.8 l C/cm2, and the largest remnant magnetization of Mr＊0.06 lB/f.u. with a Curie temperature about 764 K, while the Bi9Fe4.7Ni0.3Ti3O27 sample has the largest spontaneous magnetization（0.26 lB/f.u.）. The improved ferromagnetic properties ofboth Bi9Fe4.7Co0.3Ti3O27 and Bi9Fe4.7Ni0.3Ti3O27 can be ascribed to the spin canting of magnetic ion-based sublattices via the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction and also the magnetic ions exchanging interactions（Fe3–O–Co3or Fe3–O–Ni3）.     

MSn_（10）（M=Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni）团簇的稳定性和磁性研究

采用密度泛函理论（density functional theory,DFT）中的广义梯度近似（generalized gradient approximation,GGA）对Sn11团簇的4种同分异构体（对称性分别为D5h,D5d,D4h,D4d）的几何结构、电子结构计算研究,得出对称性为D5d的团簇最稳定.将Sn11团簇的中心原子替换成过渡金属原子成为MSn10（M=Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni）团簇,对其稳定性和磁性进行了分析.在Sn11团簇中将中心原子替换成过渡金属原子后,束缚能都变小了,说明过渡金属原子的替换提高了原锡团簇的稳定性,其中NiSn10团簇的束缚能最小,稳定性最强.过渡金属原子都具有一定的磁性,当把这些原子掺入锡团簇后,过渡金属原子的磁性都有所减弱,其中MSn10（M=Sc,Ti,V,Ni）团簇的磁性完全消失,其原因在于掺杂后,团簇中各原子的电荷分布发生了变化.     

LaMO3（M=Fe,Co,Ni）氧吸附性能与CO氧化催化活性

以ＸＰＳ表征了ＬａＭＯ３（Ｍ＝Ｆｅ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ）晶体表面氧的性质，区分了ＸＰＳ谱中二种Ｏ１ｓ峰．由Ｏ吸峰的相对强度获得了ＬａＭＯ３表面吸附Ｏ２性能的变化规律，并得到了Ｏ２吸附量（脉冲法）实验结果的映证．ＣＯ氧化反应活性测定发现：３００℃下，ＬａＭＯ３活性顺序为ＬａＣｏＯ３＞ＬａＮｉＯ３＞ＬａＦｅＯ３，与其Ｏ２吸附量大小顺序相一致．     

BEHAVIORS OF THE HYPERFINE FIELD AND THE ATOMIC MAGNETIC MOMENT IN AMORPHOUS Fe80-xTxB20（T=Co,Ni ,Mn ,V,Ti） ALLOYS

The mean hyperfine field at the Fe nuclei in amorphous alloys Fe_(■0-x)T_xB_(20)(T=Co,Ni, Mn, V, Ti) by fitting the Mossbauer spectra is displayed. The behaviors of both the hyperfine field and the atomic magnetic moment in these amorphous alloys and the relation between both the properties are discussed.     

MSn10(M=Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)团簇的稳定性和磁性研究

采用密度泛函理论(density functional theory,DFT)中的广义梯度近似(generalized gradient approximation,GGA)对Sn11团簇的4种同分异构体(对称性分别为D5h,D5d,D4h,D4d)的几何结构、电子结构计算研究,得出对称性为D5d的团簇最稳定.将Sn11团簇的中心原子替换成过渡金属原子成为MSn10(M=Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)团簇,对其稳定性和磁性进行了分析.在Sn11团簇中将中心原子替换成过渡金属原子后,束缚能都变小了,说明过渡金属原子的替换提高了原锡团簇的稳定性,其中NiSn10团簇的束缚能最小,稳定性最强.过渡金属原子都具有一定的磁性,当把这些原子掺入锡团簇后,过渡金属原子的磁性都有所减弱,其中MSn10(M=Sc,Ti,V,Ni)团簇的磁性完全消失,其原因在于掺杂后,团簇中各原子的电荷分布发生了变化.     

Theoretical study on photophysical property of C60M（CO）5 （M=Cr,Mo and W）

Configurations of three η2 models of transition-metal [60]fullerene derivatives C60M（CO）5（M=Cr, Mo and W） have been optimized at B3LYP/LanL2DZ level. On the basis of the optimized geometrical structures, their electronic spectra and the frequency dependence of third-order nonlinear optical polarizabilities γ in different optical processes of third-harmonic generation （THG）, electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation （EFISHG） and degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） are calculated by using TDB3LYP model based on LanL2DZ level coupled with the SOS （sum-over-state） method. The obtained results show that their electronic spectra have a red shift compared with that of [60]fullerene and different transition-metal functional groups added to C60 cage may result in different spectrum properties. For the three studied species, （η^2-C60）Mo（CO）5 has the largest third-order nonlinear optical polarizability.     

Thermal stability and magnetic properties of Fe–Co–M–Zr–Nb–Ge–B(M=Mo,Cr) bulk metallic glasses

Fe62Co8 xMxZr6Nb4Ge1B19(M=Mo, Cr) bulk metallic glasses were synthesized in the diameter range up to 2 mm by copper mold casting,which exhibit high thermal stability and large glass-forming ability. The super-cooled liquid region diminishes by the dissolution of Mo. The addition of 2 at% Cr leads to the broading of the liquid region remarkably, resulting in the improvement of thermal stability. The crystallization takes place through a single exothermic reaction, accompanying the precipitation of more than three kinds of crystallized phases such as α-Fe,Fe2Zr and ZrB2. The Fe-based alloys show soft ferromagnetic properties. The saturation magnetization(ss) decreases with increasing Mo or Cr content while the saturated magnetostriction increases with raising Mo or Cr content. There is no evident change in the ssand coercive force(Hc)with annealing temperature below the crystallization temperature, which suggests a more relaxed atomic configuration the glasses have. The crystallization causes a substantial enhancement in both ssand Hc. Each soft magnetic property of the glasses containing Cr with higher thermal stability is superior to that of the alloys containing Mo.     

Fabrication and characterization of nanocrystalline Al/Al12（Fe,V）3Si alloys by consolidation of mechanically alloyed powders

The aim of this study was to produce bulk nanocrystalline Al/Al12（Fe,V）3Si alloys by mechanical alloying （MA） and subsequent hot pressing （HP） of elemental powders. A nanostructured Al-based solid solution was formed by MA of elemental powders for 60 h. After HP of the as-milled powders at 550℃ for 20 min, the Al12（Fe,V）3Si phase was precipitated in a nanocrystalline Al matrix. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） images of the bulk samples represented a homogeneous and uniform microstructure that was superior to those previously obtained by rapid solidification-powder metallurgy （RS-PM）. Nanostructured Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si and Al-11.6Fe-1.3V-2.3Si alloys ex-hibited high HV hardness values of～205 and～254, respectively, which are significantly higher than those reported for the RS-PM counter-parts.     

Polymerization of acrylonitrile catalyzed by lanthanide-sodium alkoxide clusters Lne（OCH2CH2NMe2）12（OH）eNas [Ln=Yb （1）, Nd （2） and Sm （3）]

Polymerization of acrylonitrile was carried out using,for the first time,the lanthanide-sodium alkoxide clusters Ln2(OCH2CH2NMe2)12(OH)2Na8 [Ln=Yb (1),Nd (2) and Sm (3)] as single component catalysts.These heterobimetallic complexes exhibit high activity and give atactic polyacrylonitriles with high molecular weight.The polymerization temperature can be varied over the range ?78 to 50°C.The solvent has a substantial effect on the polymerization activity.The order of activity for solvents is DMF>DME≈toluene≈...     

CO在钙钛矿型稀土氧化物LaMO_3(M=Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)上的氧化反应

本文用柠檬酸络合法制取了比表面为18.3～31.2m~2/g的LaMO_3(M-Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)系列化合物。X射线衍射(XRD)鉴定均为单一相钙钛矿型氧化物。LaCrO_3与LaFeO_3物属于正交晶型;LaMnO_3,LaCoO_3和LaNiO_3属三方晶型。在反应温度低于300℃时,一氧化碳氧化反应催化活性次序为:LaMnO_3>LaCoO_3>LaNiO_3>LaFeO_3>LaCrO_3,呈现出LaMO_3晶格氧化合能愈低,催化活性愈好的规律。     

Evaluation of Ca3(Co,M)2O6 (M=Co, Fe, Mn, Ni) as new cathode materials for solid-oxide fuel cells

Series compounds Ca_3(Co_(0.9)M_(0.1))_2O_6(M = Co,Fe,Mn,Ni) with hexagonal crystal structure were prepared by sol-gel route as the cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs).Effects of the varied atomic compositions on the structure,electrical conductivity,thermal expansion and electrochemical performance were systematically evaluated.Experimental results showed that the lattice parameters of Ca_3(Co_(0.9)Fe_(0.1))_2O_6and Ca_3(Co_(0.9)Mn_(0.1))_2O_6 were both expanded to certain degree.Electron-doping and hole-doping effects were expected in Ca_3(Co_(0.9)Mn_(0.1))_2O_6and Ca_3(Co_(0.9)Ni_(0.1))_2O_6 respectively according to the chemical states of constituent elements and thermal-activated behavior of electrical conductivity.Thermal expansion coefficients(TEC) of Ca_3(Co_(0.9)M_(0.1))_2O_6 were measured to be distributed around 16×10~(-6)K~(-1) and compositional elements of Fe,Mn,and Ni were especially beneficial for alleviation of the thermal expansion problem of cathode materials.By using Ca_3(Co_(0.9)M_(0.1))_2O_6 as the cathodes operated at 800 ℃,the interfacial area-specific resistance varied in the order of M = Co M = Fe M = Ni M = Mn,and the over-potential increased in the order of M = Fe ≈ M = Co M = Mn M = Ni.Among all of these compounds,Ca_3(Co_(0.9)Fe_(0.1))_2O_6 showed the best electrochemical performance and the power density as high as ca.500 mW cm~(-2) at800 ℃ achieved in the single cell with La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)Ga_(0.83)Mg_(0.17)O_(2.815) as electrolyte and Ni-Ce_(0.8)Sm_(0.2)O_(1.9) as anode.Ca_3(Co_(0.9)M_(0.1))_2O_6(M = Co,Fe,Mn,Ni) can be used as the cost-effective cathode materials for SOFCs.     

[(BCO)5]2M(M=Fe,Co,Ni)金属夹心化合物的结构

基于密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)方法,对(BCO)5与3d过渡金属离子Fe2+,Co2+,Ni2+形成的夹层配合物进行了稳定性与结构方面的计算研究.计算结果表明,与Cp-具有等瓣相似性的(BCO)5-可以形成类似于二茂化合物的夹层配合物.[(BCO)5]2M(M=Fe,co,Ni)的结合能小于相应Cp2M的结合能.对[(BCO)5]2Fe的电子结构进行了详细的分析,发现其前线轨道与Cp2Fe有着较大的不同.通过电子结构分析,很好地解释了为什么[(BCO)5]2Co的对称性是C2v,为什么[(BCO)5]2Ni是一个具有理想D5d对称性的三重态结构;三种标题化合物的结合能顺序为[(BCO)5]2Fe＞[(BCO)5]2Co＞[(BCO)5]2Ni.并给出了这一稳定性顺序的原因.     

Azo dye degradation behavior of AlFeMnTiM (M=Cr,Co, Ni) high-entropy alloys

Because of the potential carcinogenic effects and difficult degradation of azo dyes, their degradation has been a longstanding problem. The degradation of azo dye Direct Blue 6(DB6) using ball-milled(BM) high-entropy alloy(HEA) powders was characterized in this work. Newly designed AlFeMnTiM(M = Cr, Co, Ni) HEAs synthesized by mechanical alloying(MA) showed excellent performance in the degradation of azo dye DB6. The degradation efficiency of AlFeMnTiCr is approximately 19 times greater than that of the widely used commercial Fe–Si–B amorphous alloy ribbons and more than 100 times greater than that of the widely used commercial zero-valent iron(ZVI) powders. The galvanic-cell effect and the unique crystal structure are responsible for the good degradation performance of the BM HEAs. This study indicates that BM HEAs are attractive, valuable, and promising environmental catalysts for wastewater contaminated by azo dyes.     

Azo dye degradation behavior of AlFeMnTiM(M = Cr,Co, Ni) high-entropy alloys

Because of the potential carcinogenic effects and difficult degradation of azo dyes, their degradation has been a longstanding problem. The degradation of azo dye Direct Blue 6(DB6) using ball-milled(BM) high-entropy alloy(HEA) powders was characterized in this work. Newly designed AlFeMnTiM(M = Cr, Co, Ni) HEAs synthesized by mechanical alloying(MA) showed excellent performance in the degradation of azo dye DB6. The degradation efficiency of AlFeMnTiCr is approximately 19 times greater than that of the widely used commercial Fe–Si–B amorphous alloy ribbons and more than 100 times greater than that of the widely used commercial zero-valent iron(ZVI) powders. The galvanic-cell effect and the unique crystal structure are responsible for the good degradation performance of the BM HEAs. This study indicates that BM HEAs are attractive, valuable, and promising environmental catalysts for wastewater contaminated by azo dyes.     

Crystal structure and hydrogen storage properties of(La,Ce)Ni_(5-x)M_x(M = Al,Fe, or Co) alloys

The effects of partial substitution of La by Ce and Ni by Al, Fe, or Co in LaNi_5-based alloys on hydrogen storage performance were systematically studied. All samples were prepared using vacuum arc melting in an argon atmosphere. The results showed that for LaNi_(5-x)M_x(M = Al, Fe, or Co) alloys, the lattice constants and unit cell volumes increased with an increasing amount of Al and Fe. On the other hand, these parameters decreased upon partial substitution of La by Ce. In addition, the lattice constant remained almost constant in the La_(0.6)Ce_(0.4)Ni_(5–x)Cox alloys regardless of the value of x(x = 0.3, 0.6, or 0.9), as Ce might enhance the homogeneity of the CaCu_5-type phase in Co-containing alloys. The hydrogen storage properties of the alloys were investigated using pressure, composition, and temperature isotherms. The experimental results showed that the plateau pressure decreased with an increasing content of Al, Fe, or Co, but it increased with Ce addition. Furthermore, the plateau pressures of all Co-containing alloys were almost identical upon substitution with Ce. Finally, the enthalpy(ΔH) and entropy(ΔS) values for all alloys were calculated using van't Hoff plots. The relationship between the lattice parameters and enthalpy changes for hydrogenation will be discussed.     

机械合金化Fe40M（M=Ni，Co）40Si20过饱和固溶体的物相分析

采用机械合金化方法制备了Fe i Si,Fe Co Si三元系合金,利用X射线衍射仪研究了合金化过程中的相变行为.结果表明,Fe40Ni40Si20经36h球磨可形成αFe(bcc)和γFe(fcc)两相混合固溶体,继续球磨,过饱和α相逐渐分解并向γ相转化,72h后可得单相γFe过饱和固溶体.Fe40Co40Si20经36h可得αFe过饱和固溶体,继续球磨未发现新相生成.     

Hydrogen storage properties of (Ti0.85Zr0.15)1.05Mn1.2Cr0.6V0.1M0.1 (M=Ni, Fe, Cu) alloys easily activated at room temperature

The(Ti_(0.85)Zr_(0.15))_(1.05)Mn_(1.2)Cr_(0.6)V_(0.1)M_(0.1)(M=Ni, Fe, Cu) alloys with a single C14-type Laves phase have been fabricated by arc melting. They are able to be easily activated by one hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle under 4 MPa hydrogen pressure and vacuum at room temperature. Partial substitution of M for Mn results in the increase of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation capacities in an order of Ni Fe Cu. M elements increase the absorption and desorption plateau pressure in an order of(Ti_(0.85)Zr_(0.15))_(1.05)Mn_(1.2)Cr_(0.6)V_(0.1)Cu_(0.1)(Ti_(0.85)Zr_(0.15))_(1.05)Mn_(1.2)Cr_(0.6)V_(0.1)Fe_(0.1)(Ti_(0.85)Zr_(0.15))_(1.05)Mn_(1.2)Cr_(0.6)V_(0.1)Ni_(0.1). The(Ti_(0.85)Zr_(0.15))_(1.05)Mn_(1.2)Cr_(0.6)V_(0.1)Cu_(0.1) alloy has reversible hydrogen capacities of 1.81 wt% at 273 K and 1.58 wt% at 318 K with formation enthalpy(ΔH_(ab)) of-20.66 kJ mol~(-1) and decomposition enthalpy(ΔH_(de)) of 27.37 kJ mol~(-1). The differences in the hydrogen storage properties can be attributed to the increase of the interstitial size for hydrogen accommodation caused by the increase of unit cell volumes in the order of(Ti_(0.85)Zr_(0.15))_(1.05)Mn_(1.2)Cr_(0.6)V_(0.1)Ni_(0.1)(Ti_(0.85)Zr_(0.15))_(1.05)Mn_(1.2)Cr_(0.6)V_(0.1)Fe_(0.1)(Ti_(0.85)Zr_(0.15))_(1.05)Mn_(1.2)Cr_(0.6)V_(0.1)Cu_(0.1).     

La_(1-x)Sr_xCo_(1-x)B_xO_3(B=Fe,Ni,Cr)催化CO氧化活性及其表面氧研究

研究了 L a1-x Srx Co1-x Bx O3 (B=Fe,Ni,Cr)复合氧化物催化剂催化 CO氧化活性 ,并通过氧的程序升温热脱附 (TPD)研究了该类催化剂的表面氧 ,结合活性与表面氧随 x的变化规律讨论了表面活性氧种