锂离子电池LiFePO4/聚并苯复合正极材料的合成与改性研究

通过固相法合成了LiFePO4 /聚并苯(PAS)复合材料.纯的LiFePO4电导率仅为(0.1～1)×10-9 S/cm,合成LiFePO4/PAs复合材料电导率为2.0 S/cm,复合材料的电导率提高了10个数量级.LiFePO4/PAS复合材料具有优异的电化学性能,在室温1C倍率下首次放电容量为140 mA·h/g,经过200次循环后容量仍保持最初容量的97.14%.说明通过包覆PAS材料极大地提高了LiFePO4的大电流充、放电容量和循环性能.     

纳米ZnO复合涂层的制备及其对铝合金的防腐性能研究

为了改善铝合金材料的耐腐蚀性能,研究了用纳米氧化锌掺杂于聚氨酯涂料中制备纳米氧化锌复合涂层.通过电化学测试表明,在质量分数为3.5％的NaCl溶液中,涂有纳米氧化锌复合涂层的铝合金其腐蚀电流密度约为5.965×10-9 A/cm2,这一数值相对于文献中给出的铝合金基体的腐蚀电流密度降低了4个数量级,说明涂层使铝合金基体...     

正交试验法优化超轻LA141镁锂合金表面植酸处理工艺研究

为了改善LA141镁锂合金的耐腐蚀性能，采用正交试验法对厚度为3 mm的LA141镁锂合金表面进行植酸化学转化处理，借助电化学工作站等设备对植酸化学转化处理不同工艺参数条件下的自腐蚀电流密度进行对比研究，并探讨植酸化学转化液浓度、转化时间、pH值对LA141镁锂合金植酸化学转化处理耐腐蚀性能的影响，通过优化找出最佳植酸化学转化处理工艺参数。结果表明，LA141镁锂合金植酸化学转化处理的工艺参数影响程度大小为pH值＞转化时间＞转化液浓度；当植酸质量浓度为20 g/L，转化时间为10 min，pH值为6时，LA141镁锂合金植酸化学转化处理后的耐腐蚀性能最佳，此时自腐蚀电流密度最小，为2.818×10^－5 A/cm²，与植酸处理前相比，自腐蚀电流密度下降了1个数量级，耐腐蚀性能得到较大提升。因此，植酸化学转化处理可改善LA141镁锂合金的耐腐蚀性能，为其他镁锂合金表面防腐提供了参考。     

稀土-镁-镍基贮氢合金的研究进展

综述了近几年稀土-镁-镍基贮氢合金电极材料相结构与电化学性能等方面的研究进展。介绍了改善合金电化学性能的方法,包括合金组成的改进、热处理、表面处理、制备复合合金等方法。讨论了稀土-镁-镍基贮氢合金研究中的几个重要问题以及发展方向。     

纳米TiO2复合涂层的制备及其对LY12铝合金的防护性能影响

为了改善铝合金材料的耐腐蚀性能,研究了以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为主要原料,加入一定量的-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550),并引入纳米TiO2进行复合,以冰乙酸为催化剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法在铝合金基体表面形成复合涂层,并利用氟硅烷进行表面修饰。腐蚀电化学测试分析结果表明,纳米TiO2掺杂制备的复合涂层能够明显的提高铝合金基体的防护性能。并考察了纳米TiO2含量对涂层性能的影响,结果表明,在纳米TiO2质量分数为0.04%时制备的涂层性能最佳,相应的试样在3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中的腐蚀电流密度约为5.965×10 9 A/cm2,而同等实验条件下铝合金基体腐蚀电流密度为7.216×10 5 A/cm2,涂层的存在使腐蚀速率降低了4个数量级,说明涂层对铝合金基体具有显著的防护效果,并且利用扫描电镜(SEM)和接触角测试来考察涂层的致密性和憎水性。     

AZ31镁合金表面羟基磷灰石涂层的制备和表征

以氢氧化钙和磷酸二氢钙为前驱物,在AZ31镁合金表面通过溶胶凝胶法制备了羟基磷灰石涂层。利用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对涂层的物相组成、表面形貌、截面进行了分析表征,利用电化学工作站测试了该涂层在生理盐水中的动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱,并对涂层在Hank’s模拟体液中的析氢量和浸泡腐蚀形貌进行了表征。结果表明,溶胶凝胶法制备的羟基磷灰石涂层纯度较高,结晶性良好,涂层厚度在8μm左右;动电位极化曲线结果显示,该涂层的腐蚀电流密度为1.486 4×10-2 mA/cm2,与空白镁合金的腐蚀电流密度相比降低了5倍左右。析氢试验及其浸泡腐蚀形貌进一步说明羟基磷灰石涂层能有效地保护镁合金基体。     

Ni3S2 -多孔镍@泡沫镍电极制备及其赝电容性能

采用氢气鼓泡法预处理泡沫镍集流体,通过循环伏安法原位电沉积Ni₃S₂活性材料,制备了Ni₃S₂-多孔镍@泡沫镍(Ni₃S₂-Ni@NF)电极.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、光电子能谱(XPS)和拉曼光谱(Raman)对物相结构进行了表征,并利用电化学工作站测试了电化学性能.结果表明:制备的Ni₃S₂-Ni@NF材料表现出优异的赝电容性能,在2 mA/cm2的电流密度下,比电容达到4.56 F/cm2,且具有优异的倍率性能(20 mA/cm2的电流密度下,比电容达到4.06 F/cm2)和循环性能(10 mA/cm2的电流密度下,循环1 000次的比电容保持率约73%).     

Ta2O5的氢热处理对有机薄膜晶体管性能的影响

以高分子聚(2-甲氧基-5-(2-乙基-已氧基)-1,4-苯撑乙烯撑)(MEH-PPV)为半导体有源层、Ta2O5为绝缘层,制备了有机薄膜晶体管(OTFT),研究了氢热处理Ta2O5绝缘层对OTFT性能的影响,并对该器件性能改善的原因进行了分析.结果表明,经氢热处理的Ta2O5绝缘层使MEH-PPV的场效应迁移率提高了一个数量级,从1.24×10-5cm2/(V.s)提高到2.15×10-4cm2/(V.s),阈值电压有所降低.     

对苯二酚在玻碳电极上的电化学行为及其动力学研究

研究了对苯二酚(HQ)在玻碳电极上于磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)中的电化学行为及其电化学动力学性质。结果表明:HQ在该电极上有一对可逆的氧化还原峰,峰电流与扫描速度的平方根(v1/2)呈良好的线性关系。这说明HQ在该电极上的伏安行为是一受扩散控制的可逆电化学过程。在pH为6.08的PBS缓冲液中氧化峰电流与HQ的浓度在5.0×10-6~2.5×10-5 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,Ipa(μA)=-1.444-0.077 8 c(μmol/L),相关系数r=0.996 5,检测限为4.75×10-6 mol/L。同时利用电化学方法确定了该电极反应过程是双电子转移,并测得传递系数α为0.626,扩散系数D为7.4×10-7 cm2/s,电极反应速率常数kf为6.8×10-4 cm/s。     

4 V级锂离子电池用橄榄石型LiMnPO4的电化学性能

对反应物与中间产物进行球磨, 采用固相反应法在600 ℃合成了掺碳的橄榄石型LiMnPO4. 通过XRD表征样品的晶体结构, 采用SEM观察样品的微观形貌, 利用电化学手段测试样品的充放电性能, 并对样品进行交流阻抗和扩散系数的测定. 研究结果表明, 得到的样品物相较纯, 粒径小(100～200 nm)且分布均匀, 首次放电容量接近100 mA·h·g-1, 但样品循环容量衰减快, 大电流放电性能较差. 通过对样品的交流阻抗测试发现, 电化学反应阻抗随放电的进行而不断增大, 说明材料的荷电量越高, 界面电化学反应速度越快. 扩散系数的测量结果表明, 充电态和放电态的扩散系数分别1.2×10-12和5×10-13 cm2·s-1, 表明晶格中锂离子的浓度越高, 越容易脱出.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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