Effect of Fiber Properties on Nonwovens'''' Pore Structures with Fractal Geometry Analysis

IntroductionNowadays,the applications of nonwovens become widerand wider.Nonwovens pore structures such as shape,size,quantity,pore size distribution and so on,are very i mportantto their mechanical and other physical properties.And thepore structures are related to the diameter,cri mp,orientation,quantity and assembling method of fibers.Therefore,it is i mportant for both manufactories and end-useres to obtain the parameters which can be used to expressnonwovens structures conveniently,and fu…     

非织造布纤维取向测定原理与方法综述

对非织造布纤维取向的测定原理和方法作了全面的回顾,对各种非织造布纤维取向的测定原理和方法的优缺点和应用范围进行了比较.指出了采用简便、可行和可靠的间接测量法和在线测量非织造布的纤维取向是今后研究的主要方向.     

沥青氧化纤维制备活性炭纤维过程中孔隙结构的变化

以通用级沥青氧化纤维为原料经水蒸气活化制得沥青基活性炭纤维(PACF),讨论了工艺参数对PACF的比表面积、孔结构(孔容、孔径大小及分布)的影响。结果表明,PACF的比表面积随着活化温度的提高(850～950℃)而增加,同时,孔径变大,孔径分布变宽;在相同最终活化温度下(900℃),PACF的孔径及其分布随着水蒸气通入温度的不同而发生变化。     

用分段回归方法计算孔隙结构的分形维数

储层岩石的孔隙空间具有良好的分形特征,孔隙结构的分形维数可以用来定量描述孔隙结构的复杂程度。应用分形几何的原理,推导了储层岩石不同孔隙分布和毛细管压力曲线的分形几何模型。根据毛管压力曲线资料,用分段回归的方法计算了不同孔隙结构的分形维数。计算结果表明,用分段回归方法计算孔隙结构的分形维数能更好地反映孔隙结构的实际情况。若孔隙大小相差不大,孔隙结构的分形维数相等或比较接近;若孔隙大小相差较大、非均质性较强,得到的孔隙结构分形维数不同。     

不同脱墨方式对二次纤维孔隙结构和结晶性能的影响

采用X射线衍射和等温氮吸附法研究了废旧新闻纸(ONP)在不同脱墨方式下孔隙结构和结晶性能的变化,并运用分形理论对纤维的孔隙结构进行了分析.等温氮吸附实验发现,ONP浆经过中性、碱法和酶法脱墨后,其BET比表面积、BJH孔容及BJH平均孔径变化不大.分形分析发现,脱墨前后纤维的分形维数相近,说明三种脱墨方式对纤维的孔隙结构影响较小. X射线衍射实验发现ONP浆经过中性、碱法和酶法脱墨后,结晶度下降,碱法脱墨浆纤维结晶度下降最大,达12.24%,中性脱墨浆下降6.12%,酶法脱墨浆下降最少仅0.77%.研究中还发现,经过脱墨后,纤维的保水值有所增大,其中碱法脱墨浆纤维增加最大,中性脱墨浆次之,酶法脱墨浆最小.     

磷酸活化汉麻布活性炭纤维的孔结构

以汉麻布为原料,采用磷酸活化法制备了汉麻布活性炭纤维,并利用低温氮气吸附和密度泛函理论(DFT)对样品的孔结构进行了分析。结果表明,随着活化温度的升高,磷酸活化的汉麻布活性炭纤维的BET比表面积和总孔容都呈现先增大后减小的变化趋势。不同方法计算得到的样品比表面积值呈相同的变化规律。样品的孔分布集中在2 nm以下的微孔范围内,既有极微孔又有超微孔,只有少量中孔,基本没有大孔。所有样品的孔径在微孔范围内都呈现多峰分布,孔径≤1 nm和1~2 nm的范围内分别都出现了2个峰值孔径。微孔孔容基本上随活化温度的升高而增加,而中孔孔容的数值则整体上变化不大。样品表面能量分布较宽,并呈现有多个不连续峰值的多峰分布,宽的孔径分布导致宽的表面能量分布和较多的能量峰值,并使吸附位的种类也随之增多。     

Simulation of Melt Blown Web and the Effect of Its Pore Size Distribution on Filtration Performance

In this paper melt blown webs with different fiber dis-tributing density were simulated by the computer,and then their pore size distribution was calculated with the image analysis.Based on simulated fiber webs,the effect of 10% big pores on the filtration properties was ana-lyzed theoretically.It is found that the pore radius be-comes smaller and its distribution becomes more uniformwith increasing line density,i.e.,the fiber distributing density.The flow proportion in these 10% big pores is linearly increased with increasing the standard deviation     

渝东南武隆地区龙马溪组页岩孔裂隙特征研究

为明确渝东南武隆地区龙马溪组页岩孔裂隙发育特征,利用岩芯观察、氩离子抛光扫描电镜分析、低温氮气吸附脱附实验等方法,结合图像分析技术和分形几何理论,对LY-1井龙马溪组页岩孔隙结构及分形特征进行了研究。结果表明,武隆地区龙马溪组页岩宏观裂隙以层间页理缝和成岩收缩缝为主,扫描电镜下可见粒内孔、粒间孔及有机质孔,有机质孔最为发育,孔径几纳米到几十纳米;低温N₂吸附实验结果显示龙马溪组页岩存在3类优势孔径,I类优势孔径分布在1.0~1.5 nm,表明微孔是该区主要的孔隙之一,Ⅱ、Ⅲ类优势孔径分别分布在2.5~3.5 nm、5.0~18.0 nm,孔径>4.0 nm时曲线分维值与TOC、脆性矿物含量及含气量呈负相关性,与黏土矿物呈正相关性。研究认为,有机质孔为页岩气富集提供了最主要的空间,黏土矿物发育复杂结构的孔隙对气体赋存具有一定贡献。     

水蒸气活化液化木基活性碳纤维孔隙结构表征

 研究了不同活化温度、不同活化时间下,水蒸气活化液化木基活性碳纤维的孔隙结构特性。-196℃氮气吸附脱附等温线用于检测孔隙结构。结果表明,随着活化温度或活化时间的增加,比表面积和烧失率增加,且在较高活化温度时增加率更高。随着活化时间延长,活化温度为750~800℃时总孔容和微孔孔容增加明显,中孔孔容在650~700℃活化初期和750~800℃活化后期均有所发展。各活化温度下,随着活化时间的延长,在微孔范围内孔径分布均有所扩大且趋向多样化。     

模拟熔喷纤网的孔径分布及其对过滤性能的影响

首先根据纤维过滤介质的理论假设,对分布密度不同的熔喷纤网进行计算机模拟,然后利用图像分析方法,计算了其孔径大小及其分布并与实际情况对比;在模拟纤网基础上又从理论上计算了占全部孔数10％的大孔对过滤性能产生的影响,并发现经过这10％大孔的流量比例与当量孔径标准差成线性增加的关系。     

Simulation Studies on the Probability of Fibers Passing Through a Circular Bond Point in Point-Bonded Nonwovens

It is very important to get the tensile properties of bridgefiber bundles between bond points in the simulation stud-ies on the tensile properties of point - bonded nonwov-ens. In order to construct models to predict the tensileproperties of bridge fiber bundles, it is essential to inves-tigate the number of fibers passing through certain bondpoints. The probability of fibers passing through bondpoints in nonwovens is investigated. A tentative proba-bility formula that includes the factors such as specimensize, fiber length and bond point radius, and a formulato calculate the number of fibers passing through bondpoints are proposed on the basis of the data of the simu-lations.     

Densification of the packing structure under vibrations

Two packing structures with the maximum packing densities of 0.64 and 0.74 for the amorphous state and crystalline state, respectively, were numerically reproduced in the packing densification of equal spheres subjected to onedimensional and three-dimensional vibrations using the discrete element method (DEM), and the results were physically validated. These two packing structures were analyzed in terms of coordination number (CN), radial distribution function (RDF), angular distribution function (ADF), and pore size distribution (Voronoi/Delaunay tessellation). It is shown that CN distributions have the peak values of 7 and 12 for the amorphous state and crystalline state, respectively. RDF and ADF distributions show isolated peaks and orientation preferences for the crystalline state, indicating the long range and angle correlation among particles commonly observed in the crystalline state. Voronoi/Delaunay tessellation also shows smaller and narrower pore size distribution for the crystalline state.     

粘合剂粒径对非织造布性能的影响

探讨了粘合剂粒径对非织造布力学性能的影响。实验表明,随着粒径变细,非织造布的拉伸强度和弯曲模量呈非线性增加。分析认为由细旦纤维制成的非织造布可具有较高的拉伸强度和较低的抗弯模量,这些概念也适用于热熔纤维粘合和热轧非织造布。     

煤气化半焦的孔隙结构

用氮气等温吸附(77K)方法测量了原煤及其加压、常压部分气化后半焦的BET比表面积,并通过BJH法计算了孔比表面积、孔容积、孔径和孔分布．结果表明,原煤在转化为半焦的过程中,孔隙结构变得发达,比表面积、孔比表面积和孔容积明显增大．实验发现半焦的孔比表面积和孔容积分布曲线存在2个明显的峰值,第1个尖峰对应的孔径稍小于2nm,说明微孔的比表面积大大增加;第2个尖峰对应的孔径在3.8nm左右,说明中孔的比表面积增加很快以至于出现了中孔的扩展．加压气化后的半焦孔隙结构更加发达,加压气化比常压气化更能促进半焦孔隙的生成和发展．     

Pore structure prediction of coal-based microfiltration carbon membranes

This paper presents a method that is capable of predicting pore structure of coal-based microfiltration carbon membranes. The tubular carbon membranes are prepared from coal samples with different particle size and distribution by using the extrusion method. According to the relationship between properties of coal samples (particle size and distribution) and pore structure parameters of coal-based carbon membranes, the experiential equations of average pore size and porosity are concluded, and the change la...     

膜孔径分布对直接接触式膜蒸馏传质速率的影响

膜蒸馏用膜是一种孔径不均一的多孔介质。文中考察孔径分布的存在对直接接触式膜蒸馏跨膜传质速率的影响。按“熵最大”原则导出了膜孔面积的取值服从指数分布规律,其不对称性可能导致按平均孔径预测的传质速率与考虑孔径分布时预测的传质速率有差异,后者应该更接近于真实情况。模拟计算结果表明,按这两种方法预测的传质速率确实存在不容忽视的差别。两种聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)平面膜的直接接触式膜蒸馏实验结果表明,考虑孔径分布的传质速率预测值更接近于实测值。因此,考虑孔径分布的质量传递模型能更准确地描述直接接触式膜蒸馏的跨膜传质过程。     

超细纤维水刺非织造布的纤维裂离机理及性能

梳理成网和水刺加固与纤维开纤裂离同步进行，是双组分分裂型纤维水刺非织造布生产的最大技术特点。这里主要分析了双组分分裂型纤维在射流作用下的开纤裂离过程和机理；讨论超细纤维水刺布的性能特点以及分裂率的测定方法。     

柔性石墨微孔孔径分布X射线小角散射实验测定

介绍了X射线小角散射技术测定多孔材料微孔孔径分布的一种方法,并对几种柔性石墨中微孔孔径分布进行了实验测定。实验结果显示,所测柔性石墨中微孔具有相同的四峰分布特征,随着密度的增加孔径分布向小孔方向移动。     

熔喷/纺粘复合非织造布过滤材料的研究

本文研究了熔喷/纺粘复合非织造布过滤材料的形态结构,物理机械性能和过滤性能。讨论了熔喷和纺粘工艺对聚丙烯纤维结构特性的影响。结果表明:熔喷纤维直径直方图呈对数正态分布,分子取向随纤维直径减小而增大。纺粘法纤维取向度比熔喷纤维高,纤维均匀。不同牵伸工艺对聚丙烯纤维的结晶变体有较大影响,复合材料具有独特的物理机械性能和过滤双重作用。     

Preparation and the Pore Structure of Viscose - based Activated Carbon Fibers Treated with Pretreatment Reagents

The viscose rayon was pretreated with four different pre-treatment reagents respectively, and the preparation ofactivated carbon fibers (ACF) was performed undersame carbonizing and activating conditions. The poresize distribution, the specific surface area, and the porestructure parameter of these viscose - based ACF werestudied by using quartz spring balance BET- weightmethod. The experiment result indicates that the poresize distribution and the pore structure parameter ofACF is varied by using different pretreatment reagents.