氮对灰铸铁初生奥氏体二次枝晶组织的影响

采用单向凝固方法研究了氮对Ｆｅ－Ｃ－Ｓｉ和Ｆｅ－Ｃ－Ｓｉ－Ｍｎ灰铸铁初生奥氏体二次枝晶组织的影响，结果指出，氮使Ｆｅ－Ｃ－Ｓｉ－Ｍｎ灰铸铁初生奥氏体二次臂间减小，二次枝晶组织细化。     

混合稀土对Al—Si—Cu系合金铸造组织与硬度的影响

该文借助金相，电镜和热分析等手段，研究微量混合稀土（０．０５％￣０．５０％，质量分数）对Ａｌ－Ｓｉ－Ｃｕ合金铸态组织与硬度的影响。结果表明，凝固速度显著影响稀土对代晶硅相的变质效果，稀土减小α（Ａｌ）二次枝晶间距，并使合金铸态硬度提高。试验证实，稀土使合金中化纹状三元共晶α（Ａｌ）＋Ｓｉ＋Ａｌ２Ｃｕ减少，块状Ａｌ２Ｃｕ相增加。     

电磁搅拌对Al—Si合金凝固组织的影响

利用电磁搅拌凝固Ａｌ－Ｓｉ亚共晶合金,实验中发现,电磁搅拌使合金的宏观组织得到明显细化在显微组织中,随着电磁搅拌增强,α－Ａｌ枝晶向非枝晶转化;同时,液相流动促进了Ｓｉ相生长,使之发生经,相间距离增加。     

挤压铸造碳纤维增强A356金属基复合材料凝固过程的研究

分析了挤压铸造制备ＣＦ／Ａ３５６复合材料的充填过程，研究了工艺参数对基体合金凝固组织的影响．实验结果表明，当预制件中纤维均匀分布时，存在三角形、正方形、六边形３种排列方式，其充填阻力Ｐ＝４．３２ＭＰａ．挤压铸造ＣＦ／Ａ３５６复合材料时，当浇注温度较高时，其凝固发生在整个浸渗过程结束之后，这是由于模具和纤维的激冷作用，而首先凝固的晶坯在浸渗过程中局部或完全重熔；基体合金初生α－Ａｌ相在纤维间隙中形核并逐渐向纤维表面长大；而共晶Ｓｉ相依附碳纤维表面形核并长大，当预制件预热温度高于基体熔点时，共晶Ｓｉ相包覆碳纤维表面长大．随着凝固冷却速率的降低，共晶Ｓｉ相形态发生从蠕虫状、细针状到片状或块状的转变，其尺寸由小到大变化．     

深过冷Ni—Si共晶合金中Ni3Si的生长形态

采用熔融玻璃净化和循环过热相结合的方法，使Ｎｉ－Ｓｉ共晶合金获得了２２４Ｋ的大过冷度，对该合金深过冷快速凝固组织的形成机制和小平面相Ｎｉ３Ｓｉ的生长形态的研究发现，在过冷条件下，共晶组织形成之前，往往会生成组成共晶的两相的初生相，随着过冷度的增大，Ｎｉ３Ｓｉ初生相的生长形态由小平面形态向非小平面形态转变，其转变的临界过冷度约为６０Ｋ。     

工业灰铸铁凝固组织形成过程的数值模拟

从接近工业灰铸铁实际凝固过程的角度出发,提出了对凝固组织进行数值模拟的一套方法,主要包括枝晶釉氏体生长过程体积分数的计算以及晶粒接触因 的处理。方法经以样杯中浇铸的试块为对象进行实验验证,证明模拟得到的冷却曲线、奥氏体分数及共晶团密度均与实测结果符合较好。     

控轧控冷工艺对60Si2Mn弹簧钢组织性能的影响

在实验室条件下研究了控轧控冷工艺对６０Ｓｉ２Ｍｎ弹簧钢组织性能的影响，研究表明：６０Ｓｉ２Ｍｎ钢采用奥氏体再结晶区控轧，轧后以６￣１０℃／ｓ冷却速度控制冷却，可获得球团细小且均匀的珠光体加少量铁素体组织，热轧钢材的强韧性显著提高，同时减少了脱碳。     

两相区加热对30CrMnSi钢的过冷奥氏体转变的影响

本文研究了两相区加热对３０ＣｒＭｎＳｉ钢的过冷奥氏体转变的影响。得出结论：３０ＣｒＭｎＳｉ钢两相区加热后冷却，未溶铁素体起着晶核的作用，促进过冷奥氏体向铁素体－珠光体、贝氏体转变；而奥氏体中的碳及合金元素的高含量推迟了过冷奥氏体向马氏体的转变。     

Si3N4／铸铁在空气和水润滑下的摩擦学特性

在Ｍ－２００环－块磨损试验机上研究了空气、蒸馏水润滑条件下Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／灰铸铁、Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／低铬铸铁（ＤＴ）摩擦副的摩擦磨损，同时与Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／Ｔ８钢摩擦副进行对比，讨论了铸铁中石墨和碳化物对摩擦磨损的影响，结果表明：蒸溜水润滑下，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＨＴ的摩擦系统非常小，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４与ＨＴ的磨损体积也最小，这是由摩擦时Ｓｉ３Ｎ４水解与形成石墨膜共同作用的；而空气润滑下，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＨＴ的摩擦靡损就不具有这种     

电磁搅拌对弹簧钢60Si2Mn凝固组织的影响

利用金相观察了电磁搅拌对弹簧钢６０Ｓｉ２Ｍｎ凝固组织的影响情况,并讨论了形成机制。结果表明：在凝固过程中进行电磁搅拌,引起熔体的强烈流动,使液相区的温度场和溶质含量趋于均匀;凝固时奥氏体的一次臂生长速度减慢,消除弹簧钢６０Ｓｉ２Ｍｎ一次结晶组织中发达的柱状树枝晶层;     

Effects of Carbon Content and Solidification Rate on the Thermal Conductivity of Grey Cast Iron

The thermal conductivity/diffusivity of pearlitic grey irons with various carbon contents was investigated by the laser flash method. The materials were cast in controlled thermal environments producing three dissimilar cooling rates. The cooling rates together with the carbon content largely influence the thermal conductivity of grey iron. Linear relationships exist between the thermal conductivity and the carbon content, the carbon equivalent, and the fraction of the former primary solidified austenite transformed into pearlite. The results show that the optimal thermal transport properties are obtained at medium cooling rates. Equations are given for the thermal conductivity of pearlite, solidified as pre-eutectic austenite, and the eutectic of grey iron. The thermal conductivity of pearlitic grey iron is modelled at both room temperature and elevated temperatures with good accuracy.     

稀土元素对含铬白口铸铁中共晶碳化物生长的影响

文中研制了一套高温度梯度的区域熔化定向凝固装置,能在工业用共晶成份的含铬白口铸铁试样中,得到平整的液—固界面;并由于在液态保持的时间较短,故可保留稀土变质处理的效果.使用这种装置研究了低铬(4%Cr)白口铸铁和高铬(20%Cr)白口铸铁中共晶碳化物的生长,以及稀土元素的存在对其造成的影响.在低铬白口铸铁中,随着稀土元素的加入,使共晶凝固时的领先相由基本上是碳化物变为基本上是奥氏体,并由于生长过程中,奥氏体在碳化物前端相互搭桥,使许多板状碳化物转变成板条状和杆状,稀土元素含量愈高,转变的份额愈多;高铬铸铁的共晶凝固与低铬铸铁不同,即使在不含稀土元素的情况下,亦主要是奥氏体为领先相,加入稀土元素对共晶生长时的领先相及碳化物的形貌没有明显的影响.     

含Mg共晶Al-Si合金铸锭加热过程共晶Si形貌的演变

采用光学和激光共聚焦显微镜及扫描电镜等组织分析手段,研究了直径为110mm的Al-127Si-07Mg合金DC铸造铸锭在485℃盐浴加热保温过程中共晶Si形貌的演变.结果表明,在Mg的质量分数为07的共晶Al-Si合金半连续铸锭中,共晶Si在金相组织中为点状和细条状的混合物,但其空间形貌为珊瑚状;该半连续铸锭在重新加热保温初期,共晶Si相空间形貌的演变主要是珊瑚状Si相的粗化,随后在共晶Si继续粗化、球化的同时,部分长杆状共晶Si相逐渐演变成糖葫芦状,然后分裂成颗粒并球化和粗化;该铸锭在485℃加热保温过程中,共晶Si颗粒直径的粗化与加热保温时间符合229~267次幂的关系.     

Recalescence behavior and solidification structure of the undercooled Fe82B17Si1 eutectic alloy

By cyclic superheating incorporated with glass fluxing denucleation method the Fes2Bl7Si1 eutectic al-loy was undercooled up to △ T = 342 K. The relations between recalescence behavior and solidification structures weresystematically studied in the undercooling range of 6-342 K. Two critical undercoolings were observed: mixed eutecticwas the unique growth morphology when the undercooling was less than △T1 = 63 K; but the microstructure transformedto complete undercooled anomalous eutectic when the undercooling was greater than △T2 = 164 K. The two eutecticphases α(Fe,Si) and Fe2B conformed to the non-reciprocal nucleation effect. The boundary of the coupled zone of α(Fe, Si)-Fe2 B system shifted toward the Fe2 B side, and intersected the eutectic composition line at △ T = 154 K and△x T= 264 K, whose valley was at about △ T = 207 K.     

Cu和La对Al-12.6Si合金微观组织和性能的影响

研究了La加入量为0.3%时,铜质量分数(0.3%,0.8%,1.3%,1.8%和2.5%)对共晶铝硅合金(Al-12.6Si)微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:当La的加入量为0.3%时,共晶硅由片状和针状变为点状和短棒状,达到了完全变质的状态.随着铜加入量的增加,合金中的Al2Cu相的数量增多、尺寸增加,合金的抗拉强度和硬度逐渐增大,延伸率有所下降;当Cu加入量为2.5%时,Al-12.6Si-2.5Cu-0.3La合金的抗拉强度为241.4MPa,延伸率为4.82%,硬度为83.9HV,与Al-12.6Si合金相比这些力学指标分别提高了58.1%,41.8%和30.9%,合金的力学性能...     

共晶点左移理论在研制新型铸铁焊条时的应用

应用共晶点左移理论研制以奥氏体和铁素体为基体的两种类型铸铁冷焊焊条，具有较窄的白口区和较高的白口断续率，可以代替国家标准相应类型铸铁焊条。在研制中对共晶点左移理论的应用进一步作了分析     

复合变质剂对高铬铸铁篦条组织的影响

通过金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察,研究Ti-W-Mg、Ti-Zr-Nb、Ti-Zr-Y基重稀土3种复合变质剂对高铬铸铁篦条组织的影响。结果表明,经变质处理后的篦条铸态组织中,其初生奥氏体被不同程度等轴化,共晶碳化物被有效细化、圆整化、孤立化和弥散化;篦条韧性有不同程度的增强;3种复合变质剂对高铬铸铁篦条组织的影响效果为:Ti-W-Mg最佳,Ti-Zr-Y基重稀土次之,Ti-Zr-Nb最差。     

Rapid eutectic growth during free fall

Rapid eutectic growth of Sb-24%Cu alloy is realized in the drop tube during the free fall under the containerless condition. Based on the analysis of crystal nucleation and eutectic growth in the free fall condition, it is indicated that, with the increase of undercooling, microstructural transition of Sb-24%Cu eutectic alloy proceeds from lamellar to anomalous eutectic structure. Undercoolings of 0 –154 K have been obtained in experiment. The maximum undercooling exceeds to 0.19T_e. Calculated results exhibit that Cu₂Sb compound is the primary nucleation phase, and that the primary Sb dendrite will grow more rapidly than the eutectic structure when undercooling is larger than 40 K. The eutectic coupled zone around Sb-24%Cu eutectic alloy leads strongly to the Cu-rich side and covers a composition range from 23.0% to 32.7%Sb.     

Evolution of insoluble eutectic Si particles in anodic oxidation films during adipic-sulfuric acid anodizing processes of ZL114A aluminum alloys

The effects of insoluble eutectic Si particles on the growth of anodic oxide films on ZL114A aluminum alloy substrates were investigated by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The anodic oxidation was performed at 25℃ and a constant voltage of 15 V in a solution containing 50 g/L sulfuric acid and 10 g/L adipic acid. The thickness of the formed anodic oxidation film was approximately 7.13 μm. The interpore distance and the diameters of the major pores in the porous layer of the film were within the approximate ranges of 10-20 nm and 5-10 nm, respectively. Insoluble eutectic Si particles strongly influenced the morphology of the anodic oxidation films. The anodic oxidation films exhibited minimal defects and a uniform thickness on the ZL114A substrates; in contrast, when the front of the oxide oxidation films encountered eutectic Si particles, defects such as pits and non-uniform thickness were observed, and pits were observed in the films.     

初生树枝晶和共晶团对灰铸铁拉伸断裂的影响

本文从“初生树枝晶加共晶团”的灰铸铁组织物理模型观点出发,对灰铸铁拉伸试棒断口进行了断裂分析,以探寻其组织中初生树枝晶、共晶团对灰铸铁拉伸断裂性能的不同影响和作用。