飞秒脉冲通过体全息光栅弱耦合衍射特性分析

由Kogelnik单色衍射效率公式推导出了飞秒激光脉冲光在弱耦合情况下的衍射效率频谱,分析了飞秒激光脉冲通过体全息光栅弱耦合衍射特性。衍射光的频谱分布与读出飞秒脉冲的宽度Δτ、体全息光栅的周期Λ,厚度d以及晶体折射率调制度Δn0有密切关系。通过控制光栅的写入和读出过程,选择适当的参量数值,可以得到不同衍射强度和不同频率成分的衍射光。对于研究飞秒脉冲光通过光折变光栅传播特性以及飞秒超短脉冲用于光学信息处理有应用意义。     

飞秒脉冲在磷酸二氢钾晶体中的色散特性

探讨飞秒脉冲在单轴晶体中的色散特性,根据主轴折射率色散方程,在不考虑晶体吸收及其他非线性作用的情况下,研究飞秒脉冲在磷酸二氢钾（monopotassium phosphate,KDP）晶体中的色散特性.由于晶体的色散,入射飞秒脉冲中不同频率的光波在晶体中传播时会引起不同的相位变化,从而改变出射脉冲的波形.通过数值计算得到飞秒脉冲在晶体中的传输特性,发现输出脉冲的脉宽、光强、展宽会随输入脉冲的中心波长、晶体的长度及脉冲光波的偏振方式等因素的变化而变化.所得到的结果,对于倍频研究、脉冲整形以及光学晶体器件的研发等具有一定的参考价值.     

超短脉冲通过体全息光栅强耦合衍射特性的研究

推导出了衍射飞秒脉冲光在强耦合情况下的衍射效率频谱。由数值模拟的结果发现，衍射光的频谱分布与读出飞秒脉冲光的脉冲宽度△π、体全息光栅的周期∧，厚度d以及晶体折射率调制△n0。有密切关系。通过控制光栅的写入和读出过程，选择适当的参量数值，可以得到不同衍射强度和不同频率成分的衍射光。     

Bessel光束的频率特性

在利用数值计算研究Bessel光束在自由光场空间传播中,发现Bessel光束在自由光场空间传播中存在着频率红移现象;而且当达到一定的传播距离后,频率红移量开始随着传播距离增大而明显减小,当z→∞时,红移量趋于零。     

标量FDTD法分析渐变折射率光波导模场分布

用标量时域有限差分法（Finite-differece Time-domain Method,FDTD法）分析了渐变折射率平面光波导中基模的模场分布情况，采用平面光波、球面光波、高斯光波等5种不同形态的光波激励同一波导，借助计算机进行数值求解，得到的光场分布图在光场传播达到稳定后完全相同，说明波导的模式与光波形态无关，只与波导结构和光波波长有关，结果表明该方法直观、精确、快速，并与解析法分析的结果一致。     

含多阶涡旋的无衍射阵列光束的设计

涡旋在光学领域一直有很广泛的应用价值,光学微操纵技术,自由空间的光通信,以及光学测量技术都用到了涡旋光.而高阶涡旋光和阵列涡旋光更是对粒子的批量自组装具有高效的作用,但以往的论文设计出的高阶涡旋光只局域在很小的传播范围(10~(-6)m),所以几乎没有应用价值.本文从理论上设计了含高阶涡旋的阵列涡旋无衍射光场,这种光场的无衍射传播距离大约在30cm左右.在数学上通过傅里叶变换方法推导了阵列涡旋无衍射光场的数学表达式,用数值模拟的方法得到了涡旋阵列光场,实验上利用空间光调制器(SLM)得到了多阶涡旋阵列光场.此外,我们还测量了这种多阶阵列涡旋光场的无衍射距离.本文的研究在光学微操纵,粒子批量自组装等领域具有应用价值.     

微粒在飞秒激光光场中的受力特性分析

在分析微粒处于连续高斯光束光场和飞秒脉冲激光光场中轴向光阱力特性的基础上,用数值方法计算了两种情况下微粒所受的轴向力,比较了微粒在两种光场中所受轴向力和热效应的异同,导出了飞秒激光光镊实现对微粒捕获的条件．     

基于电磁场积分方程数值求解法的光学近场散斑及其一阶统计特性

从简谐光波满足的Helmholtz方程出发, 将由Green定理得到的介质分界面上光场的积分方程转化为以表面上的光场及其导数为未知量的线性方程组, 并对其进行数值求解, 实现了介质分界面上光场的严格数值计算. 对光波经随机自仿射分形表面散射后在近场光学区域内产生的光强进行计算, 研究了近场散斑的传播特性以及对比度和光强概率密度函数的演化特性. 近场区域内的散斑与传统衍射区和成像系统中散斑场的特性具有很大的不同: 散斑光强分布中具有局域起伏, 并且这种起伏在经过一个波长的起伏后消失；对于较小的横向相关长度的表面, 散斑对比度在近场区域附近达到饱和值, 而散斑场也接近Gauss散斑. 当表面的横向相关长度较大时这种转化则比较缓慢.     

平面波微小圆孔矢量衍射理论的比较研究

文章以平面波的微小圆孔衍射为例,对矢量衍射场的级数解、非傍轴近似解以及精确积分解进行了详尽的数值计算,并对级数解、非傍轴近似解的有效性作了定性分析和比较研究.结果表明,平面波经微小圆孔衍射的级数解、非傍轴近似解的有效性与级数解阶次、光阑孔径及传播距离有关,2种解的有效适用范围具有一定的互补性;当光阑孔径与波长相当或小于波长时,衍射场的纵向分量不能忽略,必须考虑光场的矢量非傍轴特性.     

高斯光束经球面透镜——圆锥透镜系统衍射后的光强分布

本文首次计算了由会聚球面透镜与圆锥透镜组成的激光环形聚焦光斑的光强分布、光能量集中分布以及离焦在由的衍射场分布，所得到的光场分布表达式。很适合于进行数值计算。     

Photoselective adaptive femtosecond quantum control in the liquid phase.

Coherent light sources can be used to manipulate the outcome of light-matter interactions by exploiting interference phenomena in the time and frequency domain. A powerful tool in this emerging field of 'quantum control' is the adaptive shaping of femtosecond laser pulses, resulting, for instance, in selective molecular excitation. The basis of this method is that the quantum system under investigation itself guides an automated search, via iteration loops, for coherent light fields best suited for achieving a control task designed by the experimenter. The method is therefore ideal for the control of complex experiments. To date, all demonstrations of this technique on molecular systems have focused on controlling the outcome of photo-induced reactions in identical molecules, and little attention has been paid to selectively controlling mixtures of different molecules. Here we report simultaneous but selective multi-photon excitation of two distinct electronically and structurally complex dye molecules in solution. Despite the failure of single parameter variations (wavelength, intensity, or linear chirp control), adaptive femtosecond pulse shaping can reveal complex laser fields to achieve chemically selective molecular excitation. Furthermore, our results prove that phase coherences of the solute molecule persist for more than 100 fs in the solvent environment.     

点源圆孔衍射光场的计算

圆孔衍射对光束的传输与变换、光学成像系统的衍射成像及光信息处理的调制与滤波等方面有着重要作用。先由菲涅耳-基尔霍夫衍射积分公式得到点源圆孔衍射的积分表达式,然后提出点源圆孔衍射的一种数值计算方法,推导了点源圆孔菲涅耳衍射及其特殊情况夫琅禾费衍射的解析计算式,并利用Matlab软件模拟了傍轴区的衍射场,模拟实验表明了这两种计算方法都是有效而可靠的,有利于衍射理论与技术的发展。     

带反馈阑孔的非稳腔

在对带全反馈阑孔非稳腔实验研究的基础上,提出了部分反馈阑孔非稳腔方案,并对此腔作了细致的理论分析.     

利用双温模型理论分析飞秒激光烧蚀金过程

为了了解飞秒激光脉冲烧蚀金过程中的电子温度和晶格温度变化。利用显式有限差分法对飞秒激光脉冲烧蚀金的过程中电子和晶格的温度场进行一维数值计算。理论研究了不同激光脉宽和电声耦合系数对金属表层电子和晶格温度的影响,同时还研究了双脉冲激光烧蚀金过程中电子和晶格温度的变化。得出激光脉冲越短,加工热效应越小,多脉冲具有热累积效应。因此,为了实现飞秒激光冷加工,应该采用单个超短脉冲降低热效应。     

Adaptive subwavelength control of nano-optical fields

Adaptive shaping of the phase and amplitude of femtosecond laser pulses has been developed into an efficient tool for the directed manipulation of interference phenomena, thus providing coherent control over various quantum-mechanical systems. Temporal resolution in the femtosecond or even attosecond range has been demonstrated, but spatial resolution is limited by diffraction to approximately half the wavelength of the light field (that is, several hundred nanometres). Theory has indicated that the spatial limitation to coherent control can be overcome with the illumination of nanostructures: the spatial near-field distribution was shown to depend on the linear chirp of an irradiating laser pulse. An extension of this idea to adaptive control, combining multiparameter pulse shaping with a learning algorithm, demonstrated the generation of user-specified optical near-field distributions in an optimal and flexible fashion. Shaping of the polarization of the laser pulse provides a particularly efficient and versatile nano-optical manipulation method. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of this concept experimentally, by tailoring the optical near field in the vicinity of silver nanostructures through adaptive polarization shaping of femtosecond laser pulses and then probing the lateral field distribution by two-photon photoemission electron microscopy. In this combination of adaptive control and nano-optics, we achieve subwavelength dynamic localization of electromagnetic intensity on the nanometre scale and thus overcome the spatial restrictions of conventional optics. This experimental realization of theoretical suggestions opens a number of perspectives in coherent control, nano-optics, nonlinear spectroscopy, and other research fields in which optical investigations are carried out with spatial or temporal resolution.     

点源椭圆微孔衍射的一种数值算法的探讨

由基尔霍夫衍射公式得到点源椭圆微孔衍射的积分式,探讨了一种数值计算法,用Matlab软件模拟三种点源椭圆微孔衍射场,能够在半导体激光的传输变换和成像系统的像差分析及光信息处理中调制与滤波等方面发挥作用。     

Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses

Electromagnetically induced transparency is a quantum interference effect that permits the propagation of light through an otherwise opaque atomic medium; a 'coupling' laser is used to create the interference necessary to allow the transmission of resonant pulses from a 'probe' laser. This technique has been used to slow and spatially compress light pulses by seven orders of magnitude, resulting in their complete localization and containment within an atomic cloud. Here we use electromagnetically induced transparency to bring laser pulses to a complete stop in a magnetically trapped, cold cloud of sodium atoms. Within the spatially localized pulse region, the atoms are in a superposition state determined by the amplitudes and phases of the coupling and probe laser fields. Upon sudden turn-off of the coupling laser, the compressed probe pulse is effectively stopped; coherent information initially contained in the laser fields is 'frozen' in the atomic medium for up to 1 ms. The coupling laser is turned back on at a later time and the probe pulse is regenerated: the stored coherence is read out and transferred back into the radiation field. We present a theoretical model that reveals that the system is self-adjusting to minimize dissipative loss during the 'read' and 'write' operations. We anticipate applications of this phenomenon for quantum information processing.     

多色空间相干光经过环形光阑衍射之后的光谱奇异现象

研究了多色空间完全相干光经过环形光阑衍射后在远场出现的光谱变化,并给出了详细的数值计算结果和具体实例.研究表明,在艾里斑零点附近的光谱发生了显著的变化,即有些点光谱会发生红移,有些点会发生蓝移,而在另外一些地方单一谱线则分裂成两条谱线,这种光谱变化依赖于中心拦截比和衍射角.